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- Nijugoo kajoo 二十五箇条 On Haikai: Twenty-Five Points -
芭蕉翁廿五箇条 - ばしょうおうにじゅうごかじょう 〔バセウヲウニジフゴカデウ〕- 俳諧作法書
- - - also called
hakuba kyoo 白馬経 "Sutra of the White Horse"
This was published in 1726 by Kagami Shikoo 各務支考 Shiko
but is maybe a fake, since Basho introduced most of his teachings via Mukai Kyorai.
. Kagami Shikoo 各務支考 Kagami Shiko (1665 - 1731) .
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"Blossoms (hana) are the flowering (hana)
of the heart-mind of all the myriad things."
Flowers and Renku
Chris Drake
The following are regarded by renku poets as "true flowers/blossoms, 正花 (shooka)" although they are not what we ordinarily call flowers. This is because they express the basic life force that makes botanical flowers possible:
* Spring: hana-guruma, a cart carrying or decorated with flowers, also a blossom-viewing carriage; hana-gokoro, or flowers' heart-mind, that is, the heart/mind of blossoms, and also the heart/mind of humans when it blooms with creative, blossom-like thoughts and actions; hana-goromo, a blossom-robe, that is, a flowery or floral-design robe; hana-ikada, or flower raft, a dense area of fallen blossoms that remains floating on the surface of a body of water, etc.
* Summer: hana-midoo, or flower hall, a stand with a base, four pillars, and a small roof covered with flowers in which a statue of the baby Buddha is placed and displayed on his birthday; yoka, or late blossoms of certain cherries and other flowering trees and bushes; wakaba no hana or blossoms among new green leaves; hana-goza, a reed mat woven with a colored floral design in it; hana-goori, or ice with a flower frozen inside it, etc.
* Autumn: hanabi, 'fire flowers,' or fireworks (now mainly a summer word); hana-odori, or flower dance, that is, a dance done with flowers in your hat (also spring); hana-momiji, 'blossoms and colored leaves,' that is, the concept of beauty that includes both, and also colored leaves that are as beautiful as spring blossoms; hana-zumoo, or blossom sumo, that is, a special sumo match outside the regular schedule in which the wrestlers are rewarded only with gifts of flowers/blossoms, a metaphor for wrapped gifts of money from fans; hana-tooroo, or stone lantern towers that are decorated with flowers, etc.
* Winter: kaeri-bana, or flowers that bloom out of season during a winter warm spell; mochi-bana, or rice-cake flowers, that is, small, usually round brightly colored rice cakes placed on sticks or bush or tree limbs in early spring as a prayer for a good crop during the coming year, etc.
* Non-seasonal: hana-yome/-muko or flower bride/groom, that is, brides and grooms at the height of their attractiveness and fertility; hana-gatsuo, flower bonito, that is, broth containing pieces of dried bonito shaved as thinly as blossoms; hana-mushiro, flower mat, that is, a straw mat woven with a colored floral design in it; tsukuri-bana, or artificial flowers (often said to be loved by the gods); hana-nuri, or flower finish, a method of applying lacquer without polishing; hana-kairagi, or flower stingray skin, a method of decorating sword handles and sheaths; hana-gata, a) a flower design and b) a famous actor who is the "flower" of the kabuki troupe; tooka no hana, the flower-like tip of a lantern flame, etc.
* "False blossoms" that can be used as "true blossoms": hana no nami, waves of blossoms; hana no taki, a waterfall of blossoms, that is, a tree with many flowering branches hanging downward like a willow, and also: a falls as beautiful as falling petals or one with many petals floating in it at the bottom; hana no yuki, snow or blizzard of falling blossoms; cha no de-bana, first flower tea, that is, the delicious, fragrant tea made from the first fresh leaves of the year; ai no debana, the beautiful first dyeing of cloth using fresh, new indigo dye.
* There are also some borderline images, such as hi-bana, fire flowers, that is, sparks, that are often given as false blossoms that shouldn't be used.
To sum up, as Basho is quoted as saying in Nijuugo kajoo (二十五箇条), On Haikai: Twenty-Five Points,
"Blossoms (hana) are the flowering (hana)
of the heart-mind of all the myriad things."
So perhaps "true blossoms," both seasonal and non-seasonal, could be paraphrased as heart-mind blossoms as opposed to botanical blossoms.
. WKD : Flowers, blossoms and translating "hana" (花) .
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quote
《芭蕉翁二十五箇条夜話地》 - 芭蕉翁二十五箇条夜話
四句目軽き事
四句目ハ決前生後の句なれば。殊更大事の場也。只軽く軽くといふハ。発句脇第三までに骨折たる故と知るべし。只やり句するやうに云なしたれど。一巻の変化ハ此句よりはじまる故に万物一合とハ註したる也。
発句脇と合躰して脇に発句の余情を尽し。決定すれば第三に一転して。一物を又生ず。是を四句目よりして平句の附を初むれば。此句より一巻の変化の初めとなりて。爰に至て起請転合の合に当れば。万物一合とはあり。尤。合ハ万物の合とあれば。広くいはゞ名残の裏を合とも流ともいふべし。発句脇第三を天地人に比し。句の骨折も重き故其続キの跡なれば軽く付れば変化する也。依て変化の初めとなる事也。是則前にいへる甘淡酸辛の如しとあるところ也。四句目ハ第三よりうつりて。いまだ位の場なれば軽きにも次第ありて。昔より四句目ぶりといふものありて。
古人の句を塩梅し覚ゆべき也。
猿 蓑
灰汁桶の雫やミけりきりぎりす 凡兆
あぶらかすりて宵寐する秋 翁 (Basho)
新畳敷ならしたる月かげに 野水
ならべて嬉し十のさかづき 去来
炭 俵
兼好も莚織けり花ざかり 嵐雪
あざみや苣に雀鮓もる 利牛
片道ハ春の小坂のかたまりて 野坡
外をさまさまに囲ふ角力場 嵐雪
おなじく
秋の空尾上の杉に離れたり 其角
おくれて一羽海ワたる鷹 孤屋
朝霧に日傭揃る貝吹て 仝
月の隠るゝ四扉の門 其角
夕の哥
月見する座にうつくしき顔もなし 翁 (Basho)
庭の柿の葉ミの虫になれ 尚白
火桶ぬる窓の手際を身にしめて 仝
別当殿の古き扶持米 翁 (Basho)
未来記
両の手に桃と桜や草の餅 翁 (Basho)
翁に馴し蝶鳥の児 嵐雪
野屋敷の火縄もゆるす陽炎に 其角
山のあなたの鐘聞ゆ也 翁 (Basho)
都て発句より四句目迄にかぎらず。あるひハ重く。或ハ軽く。或は安く。あるひハ六ヶ敷。其句。其時の変化を知べし。この掟ハ中品以下のためにして。中品以上の人とても此掟の所以をしらざれば。自己の俳諧のくらき人といふべし。
或ハ安く。或ハおもくとハ。前にもあるごとく前後の変化を見渡して。文に質に軽重厚薄と変化し。酸く甘く辛と新古を以して転変をこゝろにわするべからずとなり。一座に臨ミてハ人の句も我句なり。我句も人の句也。只一巻を大切に思ひて自己の手柄のミせんとすべからず。然る時はおのづから前後の変化も明らかに見ゆることなりとぞ。
source : ep.sci.hokudai.ac.jp
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. WKD : Flowers, blossoms and translating "hana" (花) .
. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .
. - KIGO used by Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - .
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