sake ricewine and cup

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- sake　酒 ricewine - Reiswein -
- sakazuki　杯　ricewine cup -

Drinking sake at official situations, festivals and good-bye parties was common already in the times of Basho.

. WKD : Ricewine, rice wine (sake, saké, saki) .
amazake 甘酒 sweet ricewine

. WKD : sakazuki 杯/ さかずき small cup for hot sake .


under construction check http://www.h6.dion.ne.jp/~jofuan/myhaiku_014.htm
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伊賀の酒 ☆ 芭蕉 純米大吟醸！
Sake from Iga named after the "Haiku Saint"






source :　ameblo.jp/bbcgreen35


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朝顔は酒盛知らぬ盛り哉
asagao wa sakamori shiranu sakari kana

a morning glory
knowing nothing of the carousal
in the peak of bloom
Tr. Ueda

Read more of Ueda's comments:
source : books.google.co.jp


morning glories
oblivious to all the drinking
are in full bloom
Tr. Barnhill



On the 11th day of the 8th lunar month, 1688 貞亨5年8月11日
On his way to Sarashina, there was rather noisy a fare-well party for him as he was leaving Gifu to be on his way.
This hokku has the cut marker KANA at the end of line 3.
From the Japanese it is not clear weather this is singular or plural.


MORE - hokku about the Morning Glory
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

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花にうき世我が酒白く飯黒し
. hana ni ukiyo waga sake shiroku meshi kuroshi .
my sake white, my cooked rice black


寒菊や醴造る窓の前
. kangiku ya amazake tsukuru mado no saki .
sweet white ricewine


草の戸や日暮れてくれし菊の酒
. kusa no to ya higurete kureshi kiku no sake .
chrysanthemum sake


椹や花なき蝶の世捨酒
. kuwa no mi ya hana naki choo no yosute-zake .
hermit wine for the butterflies


呑明て花生となる二升樽
. nomi akete hana-ike ni sen nishoodaru .
the sake bottle becomes a flower vase


御命講や油のやうな酒五升
. Omeikoo ya abura no yoo na sake go masu .
offering for Saint Nichiren


扇にて酒くむ陰や散る桜
. oogi nite sake kumu kage ya chiru sakura .
I pretend to drink sake from my hand fan (ōgi)


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酒のほそみち / 酒のほそ道

This is the title of a long-running weekly manga series by
Razuweru Hosoki ラズウェル細木 Rozwell Hosoki

. Sake no Hosomichi .


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酒飲めばいとど寝られぬ夜の雪
sake nomeba itodo nerarenu yoru no yuki

drinking sake
and now it's harder to sleep:
night of snow
Tr. Barnhill


drinking sake
makes it harder to sleep . . .
snow at night
Tr. Ueda

"Something of the loneliness that is universal to men - or should I say the wavering of a reclusel's mind? - is hidden in this poem. - Mizuho
- Read Ueda's comment -


Written in 貞亨3年冬, Basho age 43.
Basho is alone at home in Fukugawa.

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酒飲みに語らんかかる滝の花　
. sakenomi ni kataran kakaru taki no hana .
drinking at a waterfall,
in memory of the Chinese poet Li Po, Li Bo, Li Bai 李白


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初春まづ酒に梅売る匂ひかな
. shoshun mazu sake ni ume uru nioi kana .
celebrating the New Year with sake and plum blossoms

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蒼海の浪酒臭し今日の月
. sookai no nami sake kusashi kyoo no tsuki .
blue sea and fragrance of sake

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月花もなくて酒のむ独りかな
tsuki hana mo nakute sake nomu hitori kana

no moon, no cherry blossoms
so he drinks sake
all alone . . .
Tr. Gabi Greve


Written in spring of 1689,元禄2年春
This was written as a text for a painting, which most probably did not show moon and cherry blossoms.
Cherry blossoms and the moon are the two most important kigo for spring and autumn.
This hokku has the cut marker KANA at the end of line 3.


no moon, no blossoms,
just drinking sake
all alone
Tr. Barnhill


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source :　itoyo/basho


雪や砂馬より落ちよ酒の酔
yuki ya suna uma yori ochiyo sake no yoi

may it be snow and sand
you fall into from your horse:
drunk on sake
Tr. Barnhill

Written in 貞亨4年, Basho age 44, Oi no Kobumi.

His companion Etsujin 越人 had drunk too much and had fallen asleep on the horse.

. Ochi Etsujin 越智越人 .


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雪を待つ上戸の顔や稲光
yuki o matsu joogo no kao ya inabikari

the faces of us sake drinkers
as we wait for the snow -
flash of lightning
Tr. Gabi Greve



Written in 1691, tenth lunar month 元禄4年10月
(now November)
They were having a party at the home of Koogetsu 耕月 Kogetsu with the discipled from Mikawa.
Suganuma Koogetsu 菅沼耕月, Suganuma Gon-emon 菅沼権右衛門
. - Suganuma Gon-emon 菅沼権右衛門 - Koogetsu 菅沼耕月 Kogetsu - .

I think the inversion of lines 1 and 2 makes for more natural English here.


awaiting the snow,
the faces of the wine lovers -
lightning flash
Tr. Barnhill


the faces of those
who love to drink -
a flash of lightning
Tr. Ueda



There are three types of joogo, jōgo,
according to their reaction to the sake:


source :　parfum-satori.com

naki joogo (泣き上戸) those who start crying
warai joogo (笑い上戸) those who start laughing
okori joogo (怒り上戸) those who get angry




龍門の花や上戸の土産にせん
. ryuumon no hana ya joogo no tsuto ni sen .

Basho drinking at the Dragongate Falls, Yoshino




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Buson painted Basho and one of his sake haiku
蕪村さんも尊敬した俳聖　松尾芭蕉さんの酒句

source :　mbp-kobe.com/hanayama


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source :　drnobu1
stone memorial at 法華宗本隆寺 / 法花寺
near
Tsuruga 敦賀市 Iro no hama, Ironohama 色の浜 ("Color Beach")


小萩散れますほの小貝小盃　
ko hagi chire Masuho no ko-gai ko sakazuki

drop your little petals,
bush clover, on the little shells:
our little cup
Tr. Barnhill


Bush clovers, drop
Small petals on the tiny shells
Of Masuho in my small cup !
Tr. Oseko


Little bush clover -
Let your flowers scatter
Little red shells, little sake cups
Tr. Nelson Saito



Written on the 16th day of the 8th lunar month
in 1689 元禄2年8月16日, Tsuruga, Oku no Hosomichi



Masuho no kogai, chidori Masuhogai 千鳥ますほ貝 small shells from Masuho






source :　www.komaki-kamaboko.co.jp

There is also a sweet potatoe schnaps with this name.

Here is the hokku by Basho
波の間や小貝にまじる萩の塵
. nami no ma ya kogai ni majiru hagi no chiri .



This was written in memory of a waka by Saigyo 西行

潮染むるますほの小貝ひろふとて
色の浜とはいふにやあらむ

shio somuru Masuho no kogai hirou tote
Iro no hama towa iu ni ya aramu

The small crimson shells
which dye the sea tides
are gathered here,
perhaps the reason this shore
is called "Color Beach”.
Tr. Barnhill



Is it because
they gather crimson shells
which dye the ocean tides
that they call this
Color Beach?
Tr. Shirane


. Basho and Saigyo 西行 .


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盃に 三つの名を飲む 今宵かな
. sakazuki ni mitsu no na o nomu koyoi kana .
in memory of the Chinese poet Li Po



source :　www.chinatea.co.jp

A ricewine cup named "Basho"
Ching-te-chen Chinese style
景徳鎮手描き飲杯　芭蕉


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盃の下ゆく菊や朽木盆
. sakazuki no shita yuku kiku ya Kutsuki bon .
(autumn) chrysanthemum. sake cup. tray from Kitsuki

a laquer tray from the Kutsuki region, Saga
and the story of the rejuvenating Yoro Waterfall 養老の滝 Yoro no taki


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盃や山路の菊と是を干す
sakazuki ya yamaji no kiku to kore o hosu

this sake cup -
with chrysanthemums of a mountain road
I am going to drink it all
Tr. Gabi Greve

Written in 延宝7年, Basho age 36
on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month,
the Chrysanthemum Festival

His sake cup had a pattern of chrysanthemums, so the sake looked almost as collected dew from the petals. He who drinks sake from this cup every day will surely live a long live.




To collect the dew on the chrysanthemum petals and drink it would bring you long life (chooju 長寿). The Chrysanthemum Flower Festival on the 9th of September is also one to celebrate one's wish for longevity 不老長寿.

MORE - hokku about the Chrysanthemum Festival by
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .


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あの中に蒔絵書きたし宿の月
. ano naka ni maki-e kakitashi yado no tsuki .
(autumn) moon. at the inn. maki-e laquer. I want to draw

At a lodging in Kiso, where he was offered a rustic sakazuki sake cup with a simple maki-e laquer motive.



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People being drunk
- another aspect of sake drinking
Some brands of sake can cause quite a headache on the next day,
even after a few sips.



二日酔ひものかは花のあるあひだ
futsukayoi mono kawa hana no aru aida
futsuka ei monokawa hana no aru aida

a hangover:
but while the cherries bloom,
what of it?
Tr. Barnhill


a hangover ?
who cares,
while there are blossoms
Tr. Hirschfeld

. WKD : futsukayoi 二日酔い/ 宿酔 hangover .
"still feeling drunk on the second day"

Between 1670 and 79 延宝年間（30歳～37歳)


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蛍見や船頭酔うておぼつかな
. hotarumi ya sendoo yoote obotsukana .
the boatsman is drunk

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酔うて寝ん撫子咲ける石の上
youte nen nadeshiko sakeru ishi no ue
yoote nen / yoote nenmu

drunk I fall asleep
the white pinks are blooming
on the rocks
Tr. Gabi Greve

Written in Summer of 1687 貞亨4年夏


The characters for nadeshiko were "stone bamboo" 石竹 in the Manyoshu poetry collection.



sekichiku 石竹 (せきちく) China pink
lit. "stone bamboo"
kara nadeshiko 唐撫子（からなでしこ）"Chinese nadeshiko"
tokonatsu 常夏 (とこなつ)
Dianthus chinensis

. WKD : Pink, Fringed Pinks, wild carnation .
kigo for mid-summer


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夕顔や酔うて顔出す窓の穴
. yuugao ya yoote kao dasu mado no ana .
I am drunk (Basho about himself)


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Five portraits of haikai poet Matsuo Basho 俳諧の人々
source : hakusyunetto

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. WKD : Ricewine, rice wine (sake, saké, saki) .

. WKD : sakazuki 杯/ さかずき small cup for hot sake .

. Sake 酒 for rituals and festivals .

. Matsunoo Taisha 松尾大社 Matsunoo Grand Shrine
Matsuno'o Taisha - Matsu-no-o with a Sake Deity .



source :　anti aging Labo
At the start of an elaborate meal, you get a sakazuki cup with a hokku by Matsuo Basho.

夕顔や秋はいろいろの瓢哉　
. yuugao ya aki wa iroiro no fukube kana .


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花に酔へり羽織着て刀さす女
飲みあけて花生にせん二升樽
をだまきのへそくりかねて酒かはん
川舟やよい茶よい酒よい月夜
かぜ吹かぬ秋の日瓶に酒なき日
月の宿亭主盃持ちいでよ
盃のまはる間おそき月いでて
たのむぞよ寝酒なき夜の紙衾

TBA

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千代をふる天のてんつるあられ酒
chiyo o furu ten no ten tsuru ararezake


robiraki ya sekichuuan no ararezake - Yosa Buson
. WKD : ararezake あられ酒 "Hail Wine" from Nara .


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Onomatopoetic expressions

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- Onomatopoetic Words -
and repetition


. WKD : Onomatopoetic Words .
- - - - - including
utagau na ushio no hana mo ura no haru.


This is a growing list. Please come back again.
under construction
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ひらひらと挙ぐる扇や雲の峰
hira hira to / aguru ōgi ya / kumo no mine


ほろほろと山吹散るか滝の音　
. horohoro to yamabuki chiru ka taki no oto . horo horo
(spring) yellow mountain rose. sound of a waterfall


ひよろひよろと尚露けしや女郎花
. hyorohyoro to nao tsuyukeshi ya ominaeshi .
(autumn) yellow valerian. covered with dew



杜若似たりや似たり水の影
kakitsubata / nitari ya nitari / mizu no kage


刈り跡や早稲かたかたの鴫の声
. kari ato ya wase katakata no shigi no koe .
a pun with the sound KATAKATA -　方々 - katagata ... all these people and for the voice of a snipe



なかなかに心をかしき臘月哉
. naka naka ni kokoro okashiki shiwasu kana .
here and now I feel quite at ease
For his host Suganuma Kyokusui 菅沼曲水 to thank for a barrel of New Year sake.



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なりにけりなりにけりまで年の暮
nari ni keri / nari ni keri made / toshi no kure


it had to be
it had to be until
the end of the year
Tr. Reichhold


Year's end, all
corners of this
floating world, swept.
Tr. Stryk


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四方に打つ薺もしどろもどろ哉
. yomo ni utsu nazuna mo shidoro modoro kana .
shidoromodoro, shidoro-modoro


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露とくとく試みに浮世すすがばや
tsuyu toku toku / kokoromi ni ukiyo / susugabaya
tokutoku

With these dripping droplets
I would try the wastrel world
to wash away.
Tr. McAuley

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馬ぼくぼくわれを絵に見る夏の哉
. uma bokuboku ware o e ni miru natsuno kana / hokuhoku .
(summer) summer field. horse


やすやすと出でていざよふ月の雲
. yasuyasu to idete izayou tsuki no kumo .
yasu-yasu to
how easily the moon came out


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. WKD : Onomatopoetic Words .


. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .


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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
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Hatsumono first things

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- First Things, New Things　初物 hatsumono -

"First things" were important to the haikai poets of the Edo period, since they carried a lot of "wabi and sabi" with their limited appearance only once in a year.

Many "First things" belong to the season of the first lunar month, now mostly the New Year.
But
There are many other New and First activities and things throughout the year.

First things often start with HATSU ...
or end in .... SOME / ZOME.
There is also .... HAJIME　for the first time

. WKD : First Things, New Things .

The first katsuo skipjack of the season was one of the most expensive delicacies in Edo.
Even Basho wrote a hokku about it.





目に青葉 山ほととぎす初かつお
me ni aoba yama hototogisu hatsu katsuo

green leaves to look at
hototogisu in the mountains
first Katsuo skipjack

Yamaguchi Sodoo 山口素堂 Sodo
(1642 - 1716)
He was a disciple of Basho

under construction
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- - - - - hatsu　初　- - - - -

千鳥立ち更け行く初夜の日枝颪
. chidori tachi fuke-yuku shoya no hieoroshi .
shoya (soya) 初夜 , lit. "first night", refers to the "double-hour of the dog" 戌の刻, now about 9 in the evening.
It can also mean the "first night" of a newly-wedded couple.



初秋や畳みながらの蚊屋の夜着
. hatsu aki ya tataminagara no kaya no yogi .
first sign of autumn.
Basho uses his folded mosquito net as a blanket.


初秋や海も青田の一みどり
. hatsu aki ya umi mo aota mo hito midori .
(autumn) autumn begins. the sea and the fields one shade of green


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- - - - - There is a proverb
hatusmono nanajuu gonichi 初物75日 / "初物七十五日"

"If you eat a "first thing",
your life will be prolonged for 75 days.


初花に命七十五年ほど
hatsu hana ni inochi nanajuu gonen hodo
hatsu hana ni / inochi shichi jū / go nen hodo

from these first blossoms
I will gain at least
seventy-five years

Written in 延宝6年, Basho age 35

Basho must be looking at some really beautiful cherry blossoms.
Or maybe he is joking about the relationship with the young ladies ?





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初真桑四つにや断たん輪に切らん
. hatsu makuwa yotsu ni ya tatan wa ni kiran .
hatsu makuwa yotsu no ya kiran wa ni kiran
(summer) first Makuwa melon. cut it in quarters? or round slices?


初時雨猿も小蓑を欲しげなり
. hatsu shigure saru mo komino o hoshige nari .
(winter) winter drizzle, monkey, straw coat. - first from Sarumino 猿蓑


初時雨初の字を我が時雨哉
. hatsu shigure hatsu no ji o waga shigure kana .
(winter) first winter drizzle. the character "first".


初霜や菊冷え初むる腰の綿
. hatsu shimo ya kiku hie somuru koshi no wata .
(autumn) chrysanthemums. first frost. cotton wrapper around my hip


初茸やまだ日数経ぬ秋の露
. hatsutake ya mada hikazu henu aki no tsuyu .
(autumn) first mushrooms. few days have passed. dew in autumn


初午に狐の剃りし頭哉
. hatsu-uma ni kitsune no sorishi atama kana .
(New Year) First Day of the Horse. a fox shaved your head
for Zekitsu 是橘



- - - - - - - - - - hatsu yuki, hatsuyuki 初雪 first snow - - - - -

初雪に兎の皮の髭作れ
. hatsu yuki ni usagi no kawa no hige tsukure .
(winter) first snow. rabbit, fur. beard


初雪や聖小僧の笈の色
. hatsuyuki ya hijiri kozoo no oi no iro .
(winter) first snow. mendicant monk. color of his backpack


初雪やいつ大仏の柱立て
. hatsu yuki ya itsu Daibutsu no hashira date .
(winter) first snow. Daibutsu temple, Nara. erect new columns


初雪や懸けかかりたる橋の上
. hatsu yuki ya kakekakaritaru hashi no ue .
(winter) first snow. on the bridge under construction - The Great Bridge of Fukagawa 深川大橋


初雪や幸ひ庵にまかりある
. hatsu yuki ya saiwai an ni makariaru .
(winter) first snow. luckily. I am in my own hut.


初雪や水仙の葉のたわむまで
. hatsuyuki ya suisen no ha no tawamu made .
(winter) first snow. enough to bend the daffodils


初桜折しも今日はよき日なり
. hatsuzakura orishi mo kyoo wa yoki hi nari .
(spring) first cherry blossom. today is a good day
at Iga Ueno　伊賀上野, temple Yakushi-Ji


蓬莱に聞かばや伊勢の初便り
. hoorai ni kikabaya Ise no hatsudayori .
hōrai ni / kikabaya Ise no / hatsu dayori
(New Year) Horai decoration and first news. I would like to hear.


鎌倉を生きて出でけん初鰹
. Kamakura o ikite ideken hatsugatsuo .
(summer) first katsuo skipjack bonito. town of Kamakura. to be alive

顔に似ぬ発句も出でよ初桜
. kao ni ninu hokku mo ideyo hatsu zakura .
(spring) first cherry blossoms, my face, Hokku

この梅に牛も初音と鳴きつべし
. kono ume ni ushi mo hatsune to nakitsu beshi .
(spring) plum blossoms. an oxen might shout his first moo


今日ばかり人も年寄れ初時雨
. kyoo bakari hito mo toshiyore hatsushigure .
(winter) first winter drizzle. just today. growing older.


めづらしや山を出羽の初茄子
. mezurashi ya yama o Dewa no hatsu nasubi .
(summer) Minden eggplants from Dewa, How special!


咲き乱す桃の中より初桜
. saki midasu momo no naka yori hatsu-zakura / hatsuzakura .
(spring) first cherry blossoms. peach blossoms everywhere.


芹焼きや裾輪の田井の初氷
. seriyaki ya susowa no ta-i no hatsu goori . seri yaki ya
(winter) first ice. dropwort (Japanese parsley). irrigation pond


初春まづ酒に梅売る匂ひかな
. shoshun mazu sake ni ume uru nioi kana .
New Year, sake and plum blossoms



旅人と我が名呼ばれん初時雨
. . . . . tabibito to waga na yobaren hatsu shigure .
(winter) first winter drizzle. traveller. my name.



柳行李片荷は涼し初真桑
. yanagigoori katani wa suzushi hatsu makuwa .
(summer) first melon. wicker box luggage. coolness


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- - - - - hajime　初め, はじめ　　- - - - -

風流の初めや奥の田植歌
. fuuryuu no hajime ya Oku no taue uta .
(summer) planting rice in the paddies, Oku, furyu-the elegant, acomplished


花を宿に始め終りや二十日ほど
. hana no yado ni hajime owari ya hatsuka hodo .
(spring) cherry blossoms. from beginning to end about 20 days


十六夜はわづかに闇の初め哉
. izayoi wa wazuka ni yami no hajime kana .
(autumn) sixteenth night moon. beginning of darkness


大津絵の筆のはじめは何仏
. Ootsu e no fude no hajime wa nani botoke .
(New Year) first use of the brush. Otsu-e paintings. Buddha image


暫時は滝に籠るや夏の初め
. shibaraku wa taki ni komoru ya ge no hajime .
(summer) waterfall. summer retreat. for some time


七夕や秋を定むる夜のはじめ　
. Tanabata ya aki o sadamuru yo no hajime .
(autumn) Tanabata star festival. now autumn has really come
at the home of Yadoo 野童 Yado in Kyoto


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- - - - - some そめ - - - - -

新藁の出初めて早き時雨哉
. shinwara no desomete hayaki shigure kana .
new straw is already coming out


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This hokku includes the character of HATSU 初,
but in the old spelling of Hase長谷, Hatsuse 初瀬, a place and temple near Nara.

うかれける人や初瀬の山桜
. ukarekeru hito ya Hatsuse no yamazakura .
ukare-keru hito ya Hatsuse no yama-zakura
(spring) mountain cherry blossoms. people wander around at Hase temple


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. WKD : First Things, New Things .


. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .


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- Hosomichi 2007 - BACKUP

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BACKUP only
December 2012

Original

. WKD : Oku no Hosomichi 2007 .



The main entry is now HERE

Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - おくのほそ道
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉　Archives of the WKD .





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walking
a long, long path -
haiku


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Oku no Hosomichi 奥の細道　... 2007



月日は百代の過客にして、行かふ年も又旅人也。
つきひははくたいのかかくにして
つきひはひゃくだいのかきゃくにして

tsukihi wa hakutai no kakaku ni shite
(tsukihi wa hyakudai no kakyaku ni shite)
yukikau toshi mo mata tabibito nari.

Days and months are the travellers of eternity.
The years that pass are also but travellers in time.



松尾芭蕉　
Basho was 46 when he started his tour on the 27 of March, 1689. (May 16 in the modern solar calendar.)
His tour took him over 2400 kilometers on foot! It took him five years to complete his report of this walk. It includes 51 hokku and is not a simple diary, but a work of literature, including fiction and philosophy.

He visited many "poetic pillows", uta makura 歌枕, famous places where poets before him had been visiting and writing poetry about.
While he was thus travelling the road of former famous poets like Saigyo, he was also travelling along his own life, even toward the future. He lived in a time when the age of 50 was considered a good time to die!
Jinsei, gojuu nen! 人生五十年！

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................................... Some general information


"All Things Must Pass" , nothing is eternal
sarvasamskara anityah in orignal Sanskrit
Shogyoo Mujoo 諸行無常 (しょぎょうむじょう) Mujo

. Barnhill : the concept of MUJŌ .
impermanence


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"permanence and change",
synthesis between tradition and innovation
Fueki Ryuukoo 不易流行（ふえきりゅうこう）

QUOTE:

fuga no makoto is a result or product of the dynamism of two colliding forces: fueki ryuko, which is another important teaching of Basho.
Fueki simply means "no change" and refers to values of a permanent and enduring nature.

Ryuko, on the other hand, means "changing fashions of the time" and refers to newness, innovation, originality or unconventional values that would break with old ways in a revolutionary manner.

For instance, Beethoven created new and innovative music, ushering in a new age and setting a new trend. However, he did not do so without first having been steeped in classical music of an old tradition. Thus he had fueki ryuko and left legacy of permanent value.
None of us is Beethoven, but all of us can become a little Beethoven! Fueki ryuko is an abbreviation of senzai-fueki ichiji-ryuko (eternal no-change and temporary fashion).

When fueki and ryuko collide and interact in a dynamic explosion of creative haiku writing, the result could be like a newly born baby taking after both parents but different from both. And there is a single ultimate value that lies beyond fueki ryuko, and that is nothing but fuga no makoto.

Susumu Takiguchi, WHR 2005

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Basho edited the haiku presented in "Oku no Hosomichi" according to the rules of RENKU, including moon, cherry blossoms and two about love.
　©　Etsuko Yanagibori

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A first ku (hokku) that can stand alone, usually with a mention of a special area, an independent hokku, is called
jihokku 地発句（じほっく）

The last ku of a linked verse is "ageku　挙句", and there is a popular Japanese proverb, ageku no hate 挙句の果て, at the last ku, meaning "at last".

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The walk starts in Edo.


行く春や鳥啼き魚の目は泪
yuku haru ya tori naki uo no me wa namida

spring is leaving ..
birds sing and the eyes of fish
are full of tears

Basho at Senju 千住
in 1689, taking final leave from his friends.

. Yuku haru - spring is ending .


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江東区芭蕉記念館
KOTO CITY BASHO MUSEUM


Basho-An Homepage
臨川寺 Temple Rinsen-Ji


Nikko Kaido 日光街道
– Ancient Highway from Edo to Nikko

. Urami no Taki 裏見の滝 - 裏見の瀧 Waterfall .
and the summer retreat - ge 夏（げ）



Kurobane, Temple Joho-Ji, Friend Joboji
浄法寺桃雪邸跡


Basho Road at Kurobane, Basho no Michi, 芭蕉の道



Temple Daio-Ji, Kurobane, 黒羽町の大雄寺 Daioo-Ji

Temple Ungan-Ji 雲巌寺



"Murder Stone" 殺生石 Sesshoseki, a volcanic landscape



Willow Tree in memory of priest Yugyo (Ippen Shonin)

. WKD : 遊行柳 (ゆぎょうやなぎ ) Yugyoyanagi .
One of the famous "utamakura" places of Basho's travel. The tree has been re-planted many times over the years, but the atmosphere is still very much that of the Edo period.


Near Nikko is Mt. Dantai and a group of Jizo stones, called

O-Bake Jizoo 化け地蔵 the monstrous Jizo statues
Every time you count them, you get a different number.
Quite possibly Basho has tried to count them too !


含満ガ淵


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Shirakawa, "White River",
from here the Road to the North finally starts.


Shirakawa no Seki 白河の関 Border Station of Shirakawa

sangatsu ni seki no ashigaru oki-kaete
haiku by Kido (Kidoo 木導)



Oshu Kaido (Oushu Kaido) 奥州街道（おうしゅうかいどう）
– Ancient Highway from Nikko via Shirakawa to Sendai



Sakai no Myojin Shrine 境の明神(福島)

Two shrines at the border to the Northern Territories. One on each side of the frontier line. On the inner side a shrine for the female deity (Tamatsushima Myojin 玉津島) to protect the interior. On the outer side a shrine for a male deity (Sumiyoshi Myojin 住吉) to protect from enemies of the outside.　Travellers in the Edo period used to pray here for a safe trip and gave thanks after a trip was finished.

The local daimyo Matsudaira Sadanobu had a stone memorial built in memory of this frontier gate about 100 years after Basho passed the area.




白河小峰城, Shirakawa Komine Castle
Matsudaira Sadanobu was Lord of this castle. Lord Matsudaira (1759 - 1829) was well liked and did a lot for his people. He built the first park for commoners in Japan, the famous South Lake Park, Nanko Koen (Nankoo Kooen) 南湖公園 .



Sogi modoshi 宗祇戻しThe place where Sogi returned his steps

The famous poet Io Sogi (Soogi, Sougi 飯尾宗祇　いいおそうぎ) on his way to a poetry meeting for linked verse in Northern Japan met a poor girl here selling cotton. When he started talking to her, she answered him with a perfect waka verse. He felt quite ashamed at this and went back to Kyoto without attending the poetry meeting.

The waka
「阿武隈の川瀬にすめる鮎にこそ　うるかといえる　わたはありけれ」
Abuka no Kawa




Station 12 : Sukagawa and Asakayama : 安積山 In Memory of a Waka


The waka
安積香山影さへ見ゆる山の井の浅き心をわが思はなくに

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On his way

Waterfall Otsuji-ga-taki



Temple, Ioji (a temple visited by Basho) 医王寺 (Ioo-Ji)


at Station 11, Sukagawa
Memorial Stone, Mojizuri Ishi 文知摺石
English Explanation


Dresses made of paper, kamiko 紙子,紙衣

Paper clothing was used by poor peasants to keep warm in winter. Basho might have used one of these warm robes from Shiroishi.

GOOGLE : 白石　和紙　

In Osaka Kabuki, the main actor wears a robe made of paper, kamiko 紙衣. This does not flow naturally around the body and the actor has to make extra efforts to show a natural pose.

Kabuki and Haiku

GOOGLE : kamiko paper japan kimono

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Matsushima




松島やああ松島や松島や
Matsushima ya aa Matsushima ya Matushima ya

Matsushima!
Aaah! Matsushima!
Matsushima!

The real author of this haiku was ?????


Matsushima is one of the three most beautiful secnic areas of Japan.





. SENDAI
Iris Haiku

あやめ草足に結ん草鞋の緒
ayamegusa ashi ni musuban waraji no o



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Hiraizumi 平泉




夏草や兵どもが夢の跡
natsu-kusa ya tsuwamono domo ga yume no ato

summer grass!
only a trace of dreams
of ancient warriors

　Warriours, Samurai and Haiku

Basho followed in the footsteps of the tragic fate of the warrious Yoshitsune and Benkei (chinkon no nen 鎮魂の念) with this visit. He might also have used the travel to explore and find the depth and tragedy of his own being.

鎮魂の念


Takadachi 「高館(たかだち) at Hiraizumi was a castle that Fujiwara Hidehira had built for Minamoto Yoshitune.
Discussion of Takadachi and Tsuwamono
Haiku Translation Group


The "Shining Hall" is the golden mausoleum of three generations of the Fujiwara Clan. The rain of the rainy season has fallen on it for more than 500 years when Basho visited.

五月雨の降りのこしてや光堂
samidare no furi nokoshite Hikari Doo

unchanged by the rain
of many rainy seasons -
the Golden Hall

More photos from Hiraizumi.

.............................

kenkon no hen 乾坤の変
(the changing of heaven and earth)

The changing of heaven and earth is the heart of the nature spirit in haiku. Catch the changing of nature and you have what you need to write true haiku.

also discussed:
Haikai no makoto 俳諧の誠 (sincerity of haiku)
Koogo kizoku 高悟帰俗 (spiritual sense)
Kusa no Hana Haiku Group

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Natagiri Pass and Obanazawa 山刀伐峠 　

Entering into Dewa, Dewagoe 出羽超え.

The walk over the steep pass takes more than 3 hours. Basho hired a young guide to make sure he would not loose his way. From the top of the pass you can see Mount Gassan in the background.
After the dangerous crossing, Basho stayed with the rich merchant Seifu (Suzuki Michiyu), who had made his fortune with
Safflower, saffron flower (benibana, beni no hana) .



芭蕉 山刀伐峠越の図 高嶋祥光

Farmers wear a specially shaped straw hat, called "natagiri なたぎり(photo) , in the shape of this pass.


Ginzan Hot Spring, Ginzan Onsen 銀山温泉


This is one of the few hot springs near a silver mine. The workers used to go there and heal their wounds or just rest and relax after the hard work in the mines.

Basho might have stayed there to rest after crossing the pass, before walking on to Obanazawa.



Tendo (Tendoo) 天童
now famous for its Shogi 天童将棋.


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River Mogamigawa, Mount Gassan

The Three Mountains of Dewa used to be part of a famous pilgrimage, representing LIFE (Haguro), DEATH (Gassan) and NEW BIRTH (at Yudono).



"As I sat reflecting thus upon a rock, I saw in front of me a cherry tree hardly three feet tall just beginning to blossom - far behind the season of course, but victorious against the heavy weight of snow which it had resisted for more than half a year.
I immediatley thought of the famous Chinese poem about 'the plum tree fragrant in the blazing heat of summer' and of an equally pathetic poem by the priest Gyoson, and felt even more attached to the cherry tree in front of me. "
Station 30 - Gassan

At Mt. Gassan, Basho saw the Mountaintop Cherry blossoms, minezakura 嶺桜.
They flower much later than the ones down in the valley. That is why on Mt. Gassan you can experience the three ingredients of Japanese ascetics, Snow, Moon and Cherry blossoms, (Setsugetsuka, Setsugekka 雪月花) at the same time.
SETSUGEKKA, Japanese Art and the Japanese View of Nature
by Isamu Kurita, MOA

Basho went on to Mt. Yudono, where it is forbidden to talk about your experiences there. I visited there many years ago.
Dewa Sanzan; 'Three sacred mountains of Dewa'
Gabi Greve

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Some thoughts from Etsuko Yanagibori

Basho made a greeting ku for the ascetic Egaku at Haguro San

arigataya yuki o kaorasu kaze no oto

thanks
for the wind
with the smell of snow

He changed this later and this is the official haiku now.

arigataya yuki o kaorasu minamidani

Thanks
for Minamidani
smell of snow

The original haiku has a kigo for summer, kaze kaoru. Basho visited the temple in early summer, June 4th.

Yudono is a very sacred plate for the Godess of Dewa.
We can read a romantic interpretation from this haiku

語られぬ湯殿にぬらす袂かな
katararenu Yudono ni nurasu tamoto kana

no speaking
in the place of Yudono-den
wet my cuff

When people enter the place of the goddess to pray the god, they put off their
shoes and walk around the rock of the gods without talking.

the hidden haiku reading ...

no talking
in the bathroom with you
only my cuff a little wet

. . . . .


So holy a place
The snow itself is scented
At southern Valley.


How cool it is here.
A crescent moon faintly hovers
Over Mount Haguro.


kumo no mine ikutsu kuzurete tsuki no yama

The peaks of clouds
Have crumbled into fragments
The moonlit mountain


I cannot speak of
Yudono, but see how wet
My sleeve is with tears.
Tr. Donald Keene

source : Haguro Brochure

"tsuki no yama" this is also the name of the mountain itself
Gassan　月山.

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Tsuruoka and Kisakata 鶴岡　と　象潟
(Kisagata)


Yamagata, Tsuruoka Basho Memorial




Akita, Kisagata


SAKATA

Minden Nasu / Eggplants

mezurashi ya yama o Dewa no hatsu nasubi

Welche Überraschung!
aus den Heiligen Bergen von Dewa kommend
hier die ersten Augerginen



象潟や料理何くふ神祭
Kisakata ya ryoori nani kuu kami matsuri

Oh now Kisakata !
What special food do they eat
at the shrine festival?

Kisakata an einem Festtag!
Was es hier wohl für
Spezialitäten gibt?

Sora 曾良

. Sora, Kawai Sora 河合曾良 . (1649 - 1710)
Basho's companion on the way.


Kisakata is a superb place to take a leisurely countryside walk.
Kanmanji is surrounded by a sacred grove of old-growth laurel trees (tabunoki たぶのき【椨】 Persea thunbergii or Machilus thunbergii).
MORE : Basho in Kisakata



Yamagata, Yamadera 山寺立石寺

閑かさや岩にしみ入る蝉の声
shizukasa ya iwa ni shimiiru semi no koe

oh in this quietude
seeping into the rock
the voices of cicadas




. YAMAGATA - On the path of poets .

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Izumosaki, Oyashirazu, Ichiburi .. Kanazawa

Izumo saki, Izumozaki 出雲崎　is the birthtown of priest Ryokan.
Ryokan memorial day and Haiku


荒海や 佐渡によこたふ 天河
araumi ya Sado ni yokotau ama no kawa

O'er wild ocean spray,
All the way to Sado Isle
Spreads the Milky Way

Tr. Dorothy Britton


Sado Province, Sado Island, Japan

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Ariso Umi 有磯海 Arisoumi
. . . wase no ka ya wakeiru migi wa Arisoumi


............................................


The difficult part of this journey, Oyashirazu 親不知　 (not minding your parents) and Koshirazu (not minding your children) , refers to an area along the coast between Niigata and Ichiburi where the mountains are right to the sea shore with their sheer cliffs. The waves drone against the base of the cliffs and the only way to get past this is to wait for the moment when the waves receede and then run for your life !



The grand old tree at Ichiburi

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Kurikara Pass 倶利伽羅峠

Kurikara means 'black dragon' in Sanskrit.
The temple Kurikara Fudo-son is located near Kurikara Pass, a place famous for the battle between the Heike Clan and Saso Yoshinaka during the 2nd year of the Eiju period (1183). The statue of Fudo Myo-O is said to be carved by Kobo Daishi.

CLICK for some photos here !


My Details are here
Kurikara, the Sword of Fudo Myo-o


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Komatsu ...... Natadera ..... Daishoji ..... Maruoka ..... Fukui


多太神社
Shrine Tada Jinja in Komatsu


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Tsuruga 敦賀 , Ogaki 大垣


Basho Memorial at Tsuruga




月いづく鐘は沈める海の底
tsuki izuku kane wa shizumeru umi no soko

. The mystery background story
of the bell at the bottom of the sea 　
(This haiku is not included in the Travelogue by Basho.)
Visit to the Shrine Kehi Jingu　気比神宮 with a haiku about the moon.



Oogaki
CLICK for some photos

Basho's travel with the wind (kaze no tabi) ends here in 1689.



Sora, who had left Basho earlier on the trip, had hurried to Ogaki to gather many haiku friends to celebrate the goal of the travels of Master Basho and make this a memorable ending of the long tour.



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The last haiku, written at Ogaki

蛤のふたみにわかれ行く秋ぞ
hamaguri no futami ni wakarete yuku aki zo

(like) a clamshell
divided in two we depart now
into this autumn . . .

. discussing : futami　二身 - 蓋身 two bodies .


. . . . .


At the end of the journey

Ukimido, 浮御堂 the Floating Hall and
Basho's Grave at Temple Gichu-Ji 義仲寺


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"The Narrow Road to the Deep North"
PDF-File
Translations by Haider A. Kahn and Tadashi Kondo



Reference : Oku no Hosomichi. Nobuyuki Yuasa



Beckoned by the cloud-scattering winds and Dōsojin, the male-female guardian god of the road, longing to see the moon rising over Matsushima, Matsuo Bashō (1644-1694) left Edo for Oku at the end of spring in the second year of Genroku (1689).

Roads of Oku: Travels in Japan
Reference : Utamakura: Storied Places
Dennis Kawaharada, 2011
(very extensive resource)


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Translation by Tim Chilcott
a PDF file.



Travels along the path of Matsuo Basho, Japan’s 17th-century haiku master, help bring his words to life.
On the Trail of a Ghost
©　National Geographic, Howard Norman, January 2008




Haiku by Matsuo, Basho, from "Narrow Road to Oku".
Dr. Donald Keene has generously given to me his permission to use his translation of the Basho's haiku.
I will be showing my haiga of all the haiku in "Narrow Road to Oku"
KUNI from Nara
source : seehaikuhere.blogspot.com


Walking with Basho in Japanese

「ゆるぱそ」ブログ　

Bashomichi
http://bashomichi.com/

Meishochi 名蕉地 100 famous spots walking with Basho
http://bashomichi.com/meisyouchi100/tokyo/


Morimura Seiichi sensei 森村 誠一
芭蕉道への旅
http://bashomichi.com/tabi/morimuraseiichi/

http://www.bs-j.co.jp/okunohosomichi/


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Stamps about "Oku no Hosomichi"

Click the image for more !


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Related words


Chen-ou Liu about
. The Narrow Road to the Interior .



***** Basho Memorial Day (Basho-Ki)

***** Matsuo Basho　松尾芭蕉 (1644 - 1694)


***** NHK and Haiku


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. Michinoku, Mutsu 陸奥 region in Tohoku .


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