- WKD Library -

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- Basho in the WKD library -


in alphabetical order of the name of the author

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The Daoist, the Frog and the Pipe
. Gestur Hilmarsson .


Matsuo Basho's Poetic Spaces: Exploring Haikai Intersections
. Eleanor Kirkham .


The Ripples from a Splash:
A Generic Analysis of Basho’s Frog Haiku
. Chen-ou Liu, Canada .



Basho's "Here and Now"
. Kametaro (Japan) .


BASHO'S LIFE
. Stephen Kohl .


Haiku and Noh: Journeys to the Spirit World
Noh and Basho
. Mayuzumi Madoka.


Modernity and anti-urbanism in Basho Matsuo
. Ban’ya Natsuishi. 　


Translations into Hungarian / English by Barnhill
. Gabor Terebess .


Basho and his fresh poetry
. Eiko Yachimoto .



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Cultural Keywords

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- Cultural Keywords used by Basho -

During his many travels around Japan, Basho came to know different places, different regional food, different legends, customs and festivals.

He also wrote about animals and plants, implying his friends or famous people from the past.

In his hokku and travel diaries he introduced many items casually, since they were usually known to his fellow poets of the Edo period.
Some of the themes he introduced are kigo.

But for readers coming from other cultures, most of these words need a special explanation before the hokku can be understood in its proper cultural environment.

Here I will try to list the most important ones,
Basho being my guide to Japanese Culture and the early Edo period.

This is the most important collection
of my Basho Archives of the WKD.


. Basho travelling / traveling in Japan .
utamakura 歌枕 place names used in Japanese poetry


Mit Basho durch die Kultur Japans reisen!

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quote
In one of his most famous theoretical statements, Basho says,
“Learn about pines from the pine, and about bamboo from the bamboo.”
Each pine exhibits pineness but is not pineness itself: each pine alludes to, or is symbolic of, the essence of pine.

Contemporary writers may find Basho’s statement confusing. To use the Western terminology of essence we see in Reichhold and many modern Western haiku commentators, even the essence of pine is not the same as the essence of being. The essence of things is not located within the thing itself. The is-ness of a thing is not to be gained through attention to the thing alone. Indeed, is-ness is not the same as the “thingness” of a thing.

Barnhill says that in his travels Basho pursued
 “the wayfaring life in order to embody physically and metaphorically the fundamental character of the universe.”
He visits places “loaded” with cultural and spiritual significance and his sense of “nature” is bound up with these traditions of place. This intertwining of place and significance, the local and the transcendental, is basic to Basho’s experience. The centrality of “place names” or utamakura is basic to Basho’s outlook.
Barnhill says,
“Basho tended to write of places in nature handed down through literature,
giving cultural depth to his experience of nature.”
source : JAMIE EDGECOMBE, 2011


. learn from the pine - - - said my American haiku friends. . 　

This is a still growing list. Please come back again.
under construction
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松尾芭蕉と元禄文化
Matsuo Basho and the Culture of the Genroku Period

quote
Genroku 元禄
September 1688 - March 1704
The years of Genroku are generally considered to be the Golden Age of the Edo Period. The previous hundred years of peace and seclusion in Japan had created relative economic stability. The arts and architecture flourished.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !


. Edo Haikai 江戸俳諧　Haiku and Hokku .


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. ama 海女 woman divers and 海士 fishermen .

. ama 尼　Buddhist Nun .

. Amida 阿弥陀 Amida Buddha - Amidaboo 阿弥陀坊　 Amidabo . ###

. an 庵 thatched hut - yado 宿 my humble abode .

. asunaroo, asunarō 翌檜 Asunaro Hinoki cypress .

. aware 哀れ Basho feels the pathos of things .



. bantaroo 番太郎　flood warden in Edo .

. - Basho about Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - .
Enjoy the life of a haikai master in the Edo period.

. betsu zashiki　別座敷 detached sitting room .
(also the title of one of his hokku collections)

. biwa 琵琶 lute Biwako 琵琶行 a Chinese poem .

. bunko 文庫 library *.

. byoobu 屏風 Byobu, folding screen * .


. cha 茶　tea, green tea - Tee ### .

. chatsumi 茶摘み picking tea leaves * .

. chausu, cha usu 茶臼 tea-grinding mill * .

. chigo 稚児　children temple acolytes *.

. chigozakura, chigo-zakura 児桜 - famous cherry tree in Akita * .

. Chikusai 竹斎 Doctor Chikusai *.
A shabby doctor and his travelling stories

. dairibina 　内裏雛 "Emperor Dolls" for the Hina Doll Festival * .

. doyoo boshi 土用干し　airing during dog days * .



. Ebisukoo, Ebisu koo 恵比寿講 Ebisu Ceremony Group * .

. . Edo 江戸　the Samurai Capital ### . .
- - - - - . Edo miyage 江戸土産 souveniers from Edo .


- - - FOOD and DRINK - - - ###


. fude 筆 brush for writing *.

. furiuri, furi-uri 振売 peddlers, hawkers, salesmen *.
bootefuri 棒手振り peddlers with a pole on the shoulders

. furumono dana 古物棚　dealer of old things . *

. - furusato ふるさと　故郷、古里 home village, home town - *.
- hitosato 一里　and shison 子孫 "children and grandchildren"
- sato 里 sato, village, Heimat
- yamazato 山里 mountain village
A most important emotional place for the Japanese.

. futon 蒲団 Japanese bedding. mino futon 三幅布団 / 三布蒲団 narrow matress * .


. futsukayoi 二日酔い/ 宿酔 hangover * .

. fuuga, fūga 風雅 Fuga. elegance, refinement - Aesthetics and Basho * .
- - - - - and
fuuryuu, fūryū 風流 Furyu. elegance, refinement
- - - - fuukyoo, fûkyô 　風狂 FUKYO, poetic eccentricity
. fuuryuu no hajime ya Oku no taue uta .
poetic venture, beginning of all art

. fuugetsu, fūgetsu 風月 the beauty of nature * .
lit. "wind and moon"

. fuyugomori 冬篭り winter seclusion, winter confinement * .
- - - - - sashikomoru さしこもる (鎖し籠もる)


. ganjitsu 元日 first day of the year * .

. ge　夏　summer retreat * .

. geta 下駄　wooden sandals, clogs *.

. gobyoo 御廟 imperial mausoleum * .
imperial tomb of Godaigo Tenno 後醍醐帝御廟, Yoshino, Emperor Go-Daigo


. goki ichigu 五器一具 one set of begging bowls * . - - - goki 御器 hitosoroi 一揃い

. goten 御殿 palace, manor - tonozukuri 殿造り *.

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. haikai 俳諧 - hokku 発句 - words used in his poems ! * .


. hachi takaki, hachitataki 鉢叩き　ceremony for Saint Kuya 空也上人 * .

. hakama 袴　Hakama formal trouser skirt * .

. hakamairi 墓参り visiting graves at O-Bon * .

. hakkei 八景 Eight Views, eight famous scenic spots * .

. haori 羽織 Japanese coat * .

. haritate, hari tate 針立 acupuncture needle * .

. hatsugatsuo, hatsu gatsu (katsuo　初鰹) first skipjack bonito of the season * .

. - hatsumono 初物 First Things, New Things - * .

. hatsu-uma 初午 first day of the horse * . at a fox shrine

. hei 塀 / hei no yane 塀の屋根 wall with a roof * .

. heso no o, hozo no o 臍の緒 umbilical cord * .

. Hida no takumi 飛騨の工 / 飛騨の匠 craftsman from Hida * .

. Hie oroshi, hieoroshi 日枝颪 wind from Mount Hieizan * .

. hijiri, hijiri kozoo 聖小僧　mendicant monk, "holy man" * .
Basho himself was on a kind of "hijiri" life, travelling all over Japan, without a regular home.

. himuro 氷室 (ひむろ) icehouse, ice cellar * .

. hinokigasa 檜木笠 hat made of cypress bark * .

. hioke 火桶 "fire box", brazier　* .

. hoiro 焙炉 stove to dry green tea leaves * .


. - - - Hokku and Haikai 発句と俳諧 - - - . *


. hokutoo 北斗 the Big Dipper, the Plough * .

. hoorai kazari 蓬莢飾 / 蓬莱 Horai-decoration for New Year * .

. hotarumi 蛍見 watching fireflies - hotaru 螢 * .

. hotoketachi 仏達　Buddha statues * .

. hoya 穂屋 "shrine hut with a thatched wall" *.

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. ichi 市 market, shiwasu no ichi 師走の市 december market, toshi no ichi 年の市 Year-End Market * .

. imayoo 今様 popular songs * .

. imo no kami 痘瘡の神 deity of smallpox * .

. iori, an 庵, yado　宿 my humble abode, thatched hut ###.

. iroha 色葉 colored leaves or いろは, the Japanese alphabet * .

. irori 囲炉裏 sunken hearth, fireplace * .

. isaribi, kagaribi 漁り火 fire to lure fish * .

. Izumo no kami 出雲守 / Hitomi Izumo no Kami 人見出雲守 mirror maker * .



. jinbe, jinbei 甚平　light summer robe * .

. joo, jō, kusari 鎖 chain, used to lock * .

jooroku 丈六 Joroku Buddha Statue * .

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. kabuto 甲 / 兜 / 冑 helmet of a samurai *.
famous helmet of Saito Sanemori 斉藤実盛,

. kadomatsu 門松　pines at the gate / matsukazari 松飾り * .

. kagami 鏡 mirror * .

. kagemachi, kage machi 影待ち waiting for sunrise *.

. kakine 垣根 hedge, fence . *

. kamado, hettsui, hetui, hetsui 竃 / 竈 kitchen stove * .
- - - - - niwakamado, niwa kamado 庭竃 / 竈 // kama 釜 iron pot for cooking


. - kami 神 Shinto deities - ### .

. kamigaki 神垣 "Fence of the Gods", fence of a Shinto shrine * .

. kamiko 紙子　paper robes * .

. kami no kao 一言主 face of the deity Hitokotonushi *.

. Kanbutsu-e, Kanbutsu 潅仏会: Buddha's Birthday Celebrations * .

- kane 鐘 bell, temple bell, sunset bell - *

. Kannon Bosatsu 観音菩薩 and Asakusa Kannon 浅草観音 Temple . *

. kapitan カピタン　Kapitein, Captain, Dutch Delegation . *

. karahafu, kara hafu 唐破風 Chinese cusped gable . *

. karakasa からかさ / 傘 oil-paper umbrella with a bamboo frame . *

. karakoromo, karagoromo, kara koromo から衣 / 唐衣 　robes from China . *

. karo toosen 夏炉冬扇 to be useless - like a stove in summer, a handfan in winter . *

. kasa 笠 bamboo hat, straw hat, traveller's hat . ###

. katabira 帷子 light linen dress . *

. katsuo uri 鰹売 vendor of skipjack, bonito fish monger * .

. kawara 瓦　roof tiles - いらか iraka roof tiles * .

. kawauso no matsuri, kawa uso 獺の祭 Otter Festival at Seta . *

. kazarinawa, kazari nawa 飾縄 rope decoration for New Year * .

. keshizumi 消炭 (けしずみ) ash to extinguishing the fire / sumi 炭 ash . *

. - - kigo and kidai 季語（季題）theory of season words - - .

. kinuta 砧 fulling block * .

. - - kire 切れ　and kireji 切字　- - cut and cut markers - .

. koma 駒 - uma 馬 - Japanese horses . ###
- - - - - komamukae, koma mukae 駒迎へ selecting tribute horses for court

. kometsuki 米搗き professional rice grain pounder . *

. komo 薦 straw mat . *

. komorido 籠人 / 籠り人 person in retreat . *
- at temple Hasedera, Nara 長谷寺

. kooshi goosu, gabushi 合子 - furugooshi 古合子 set of food bowls . *

. koromogae 衣替え, 衣かへ 　changeing robes for summer . *

. koshi no wata 腰の綿, 腰綿 "cotton wrapper around my hips" . *

. kosode 小袖　short-sleeved kimono . *

. kotatsu 炬燵　Kotatsu heater - okigotatsu 置炬燵　. *

. koto 琴　 Koto zither / kotobako　琴箱　box for a koto . *

. kuchikiri, kuchi kiri kuchikiri 口切 opening a new jar of tea * .

. Kumasaka Choohan 熊坂長範 Kumasaka Chohan . ###

. kunichi 九日 okunichi "Honorable Day with a Nine" . * - Chrysanthemum festival

. kura 蔵 storehouse, warehouse . *

. kusamakura, kusa makura 草枕 pillow stuffed with grass . ###

. Kutsuki bon 朽木盆 tray from the Kutsuki region . *


. kyooku 狂句 Kyoku - comic verse, crazy verse . *

. - Kyooto 京都 Kyoto, Kyo -　Miyako 都 / みやこ - .

............................................................................



. machi ishi, machiichi, machi isha 町医師 doctor in town . *
- - - kusuri nomu　薬飲む 　drinking medicine

. makie, maki-e 蒔絵 gold-silver laquer work . ###

. makuwa melon 真桑瓜 makuwa uri . *
with painted faces on "princess Melon" 姫瓜 hime uri

. manzai 万歳 Manzai performance . *

. masu 枡　 measuring box . *
- - - . masu 升　container for ritual sake .

. matsukazari 松飾り "pine decroation" * .

. mayuhaki, mayu haki 　眉刷毛　 eyebrow brush . *


. meido めいど / 冥土 / 冥途 nether world, world of the dead . *

. men 面　- 能面 Noh mask . *

. mino to kasa 蓑と笠　Mino straw raincoat and rain hat . *
- - - - - . minomushi 蓑虫 bagworm 　. *

. misogi 御祓 summer purification . *

. miyamori 宮守 shrine warden . *

. mochibana, mochi-bana 餅花 New Year decorations . * - lit. "mochi flowers"

. momi suru 籾する hulling rice, polishing rice . *
- - - - - Momi suru Oto 籾する音 The Sound of Hulling Rice

. - mu 無 emptiness - nothingness - kyo 虚 emptiness . *

. mushiro 筵 takamushiro 簟　bamboo floor mat to sleep on . *

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. nagezukin, nage zukin 投頭巾 square hood . *
and - maruzukin, maru zukin 丸頭巾　

. nanshoku、danshoku 男色 homosexuality . *

. Naracha 奈良茶 Nara rice gurel and the importance of haikai 俳諧 . *

. nattoo 納豆 Natto, fermented sticky soy beans * .

. nazuna なづな摘み Nazuna seven herbs of spring, Shepherd's purse, nazuna 薺 . *


. nebutsu, nenbutsu 念仏 Nembutsu, Prayer to Amida Buddha . *

. Nehanzoo 涅槃像 －Nehan-e 涅槃会 Statue of Buddha lying down . *
and juzu 数珠　rosary beads



. nenohi, ne no hi 子の日 day of the rat . *

. nijuushichiya 二十七夜 moon on day 27 . *


. noren, nooren, nōren 暖簾 door curtain . *

. noo 能　Noh theater and Matsuo Basho . *

. nori no matsu 法の松 "pine of the Buddhist law". Dharma pine * .

. nukamiso tsubo 糠味噌壷 pot for fermented Miso paste . *
- - - konuka 粉糠 fermented miso paste


.............................................................................


. oi 笈 backpack of the Edo period . *

. okoraago 御子良子 Okorago, Shrine maidens at Ise . *

. omeikoo 御命講 Omeiko Ceremony for Saint Nichiren . *

. omizutori, O-mizutori お水取り water-drawing ritual . *
- mizutori 水取り in Nara

. onozumi, Ono-zumi 小野炭 charcoal from Ono . *

. onsen 温泉　hot spring . *
He visited quite a few, like Kusatsu and Nasu Yumoto.
yu no nagori 湯の名残り / yu o musubu 湯をむすぶ

. oogi, ōgi 扇 handfan - karo toosen 夏炉冬扇 . *

. oomigaya 近江蚊帳 kaya mosquito net from Omi . *

. Ootsu 大津絵　Otsu-e paintings from Otsu town . *

.............................................................................


. Persons and People - names in his hokku .

. Places, place names in his hokku .

.............................................................................


. ran, ran no ka 蘭の香 Japanese orchids and their fragrance . *

. Rashoomon 羅生門 Rashomon Gate, Kyoto . *

. rendaino 蓮台野 graveyard * .

. robiraki 炉開き "opening the hearth" . *
for the Tea Ceremony

. roosaibushi, rōsaibushi 弄斎節 rosai-bushi, Rosai song . *


............................................................................


. Saga no take　嵯峨の竹 bamboo from Saga　. *

. sakura asa, sakura-asa 桜麻 "cherry-blossom hemp" . *

. sarabachi 皿鉢　plates and bowls . *

. saru hiki , saruhiki 猿引 monkey trainer . *

satori　悟り　 - Zen enlightenment
. satoranu さとらぬ no enlightenment, unenlightened . *


. seki 関　checkoint, sekimori 関守 checkpoint warden . *

. sekizoro 節季候 Year End Singers, December Singers . *

. semigoromo, semi-goromo 蝉衣 thin "cicada robe" for summer . *

. senkoo 線香 incense . *


. shakan, sakan 左官 plasterer . *

. shamisen, samisen 三味線 Japanese lute . *

. shikishi 色紙　decoration card with poem . *

. shime 七五三, shimenawa 注連縄 a sacred rope . *

. shinobuzuri, shinobu-zuri しのぶ摺 / 忍ぶ 綟摺り fern cloth-printing or mottling . *

. shiro 城 castle, shiro ato 城跡 castle ruins / yamashiro 山城 mountain castle . *

. shisoku 紙燭 torch lamp with paper shade . *

. shizu 賎 person of low social standing . *

. shoshun, hatsu haru 初春 "First spring", the New Year . *


. - soo, sō 僧 monk, Buddhist priest - . *


. sumoo 相撲　Sumo wrestling . *

. susu harai (susuharai) 煤払い　 end of year housecleaning . *

. suzuri 硯 inkstone / suzuribako 硯箱 box for the inkstone . *

.............................................................................


. tachi 太刀 large sword . *

. take 茸 mushrooms - (ki no ko, kinoko 茸, 菌) . *

. takimono 薫物、たきもの burning incense . *

. takotsubo 蛸壺　octopus pot . *

. tamamatsuri, tama matsuri 玉まつり / 魂祭, 玉祭 festival for the souls, O-Bon . *

. tamasudare たますだれ / Nanjing Tamasudare (玉簾／珠簾) performance with bamboo sticks . *

. tamuke 手向け offering at a grave or temple . *

. tan 反, 段（たん）unit of measurement . *

. Tanabata 七夕 Star Festival - 天の川 Amanogawa . *

. taru 樽 barrel - taue daru 田植樽 . *
sake barrel offered at the end of the rice planting.

. tatami 畳 floor mats . *

. taue uta 田植えうた song of the rice planters . *

. Teikin Oorai, ōrai 庭訓往来 Teikin Orai textbooks * .

. tenbin 天秤　 pair of scales . *

. tenugui 手ぬぐい　small hand towel . *

. tera 寺 Buddhist temples visited by Basho . *

. tsue 杖 walking stick, cane. Wanderstock . *

. tsukigane つき鐘 temple bell . *

.............................................................................


. ubune boat 鵜船　for cormorant fishing . *

. ukihito 憂き人 person with elegant feelings of fuuga 風雅 . *

- ukiyo 浮世　the floating world -

. umakata 馬方 horse owners . ###
transport and travel along the Tokaido road

. Urashima Taroo 浦島太郎 The legend of Urashima Taro .*

. usu 臼 different types of mortars, grinders and hand mills . *



. utabukuro 歌袋 bag to keep poetry, poem-pouch, song-pouch . *


. uzumibi, uzumi-bi 埋火 banked charcoal fire . *

.............................................................................


. waraji, waranji 草鞋 straw sandals and geta clogs . *

. wara 藁, shinwara 新藁 new straw . *

. wata 綿 cotton plants, watabatake 綿畠 cotton fields . *
- - - - - watayumi, wata yumi 綿弓 cotton bow


. yado fuda, yadofuda, shukusatsu 宿札 - visitor sign of a lodging . *

. yakko 奴 Yakko servant . *

. yamabushi 山伏　 mountain ascetics . *

. yamagatsu 山賤 / 山賎 (やまがつ) forest workers, woodcutters, loggers . *

. yanagigoori 柳行李 Yanagigori, wicker trunk . *
koori, katani 行李片荷 carrying boxes for travellers

. yarido 遣り戸, 鑓戸, 槍戸 wooden sliding door . *

. yashikigata, yashiki-gata 屋敷方 living in a samurai residence (yashiki) . *

. yogi 夜着 bedtime quilt . *

. yoki hi よき日 - nichi nichi kore yoki hi 日々是好日 Every Day is a Good Day . *

. yojoohan 四畳半　four and a half tatami room . *

. yome ga kimi 嫁が君 first mouse of the year . *

. yomo 四方 the four directions / The Four Directions 東西南北 . *

. yotsu goki 四つ五器 4 or 5 bowls for wandering monks . *

. yukimaruge, yuki maruge 雪丸げ, yuki Daruma 雪だるま snowman . *

. yuujo, yūjo 遊女 whore, whores, prostitute *



. zashiki 座敷　"sitting room", visitor's room - natsu zashiki 夏座敷 . *

. zatoo 座頭 blind person . *

. Zen - 芭蕉の禅修行 Zen Training and Basho .
- - - - - - Read: : The Haiku Apprentice - Haiku, Basho and Zen

. zoori 草履 straw sandals . *


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Kulturelle Schlüsselworte


All festivals and dates relate to the Asian lunar calendar.

WKD : The Asian Lunar Calendar Reference


. WKD : Main Index .

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Join with your own cultural keywords!

. Haiku - Culture Magazine - .


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- EXTERNAL LINKS - ENGLISH

DEUTSCH - see below
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. Wikipedia - Matsuo Basho .
with further links to books etc.


Complete Basho Haiku in Japanese with romaji
. Wikisource .

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Matsuo Basho ... Matsuo Basho (2) ... Matsuo Basho (3)
About the Poet. (from the WKD)


BASHO : Complete Biography in English
Encyclopedia of World Biography, Gale Research, 1998.



A long DOC containing many articles and parts of books about Basho
from Blyth to Yuasa to Ueda
compiled by
. source - terebess.hu/english .



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Aitken, Robert Aitken
Zen Wave: Basho's Haiku and Zen
source : books.google.co.jp


Andre, Elaine Andre
BASHO - in Sumi, Wood & Bronze
source : basho-imagery.blogspot.jp


Ariadne
Haiku, haibun, and renga of Matsuo Bashō
literature links and some explanations of translations
source : www.baymoon.com/~ariadne


Arashiyama Koosaburoo 嵐山光三郎 Arashiyama Kosaburo
芭蕉紀行 Basho Kiko



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Barnhill, David Landis Barnhill

Bashō's Journey: The Literary Prose of Matsuo Bashō
source : books.google.co.jp

Basho's Haiku - Selected Poems of Matsuo Basho
source : ptchanculto.binhoster.com - FULL TEXT -
source : haikupedia.ru - FULL TEXT -

THE POETICS OF THE BASHŌ SCHOOL
source : www.uwosh.edu/facstaff


Interview David Landis Barnhill
source : simplyhaiku 2011

THE JOURNALS OF MATSUO BASHŌ
A Hermeneutical Approach to the Journals of a Wayfaring Poet
source : www.uwosh.edu/facstaff (pdf file)
My Backup

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Blankestijn, Ad Blankestijn
Memorial Stones about Matsuo Basho
source : www.japannavigator.com

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Blyth - R. H. Blyth
“Bashō” - From the Beginnings up to Issa,
source : terebess.hu
(A long DOC covering many articles.)


Мацуо Басё / Matsuo Basho
a long PDF file
source : www.poezia.ru/article.php

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Carley, John Carley
Basho and His Translators
source : www.poetrysociety.org.nz


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Carter, Steven D. Carter
Traditional Japanese Poetry: An Anthology
source : books.google.co.jp


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Chilcott Literary Translations, Dr. Tim Chilcott
-- Bashō Two Hundred Selected Haiku, 2008
http://www.tclt.org.uk/basho/Selected_Haiku_2011.pdf
-- Bashō The Narrow Road to the Deep North, 2004


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Edgecombe, Jamie Edgecombe
BASHO’S JOURNEY
source : worldhaikureview


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Hansha Teki
. Interpreting Basho .



Hiraga, Masako and Ross, Haj
The Bashō Code:
Metaphor and Diagram in Two Haiku about Silence
source : www.rikkyo.ne.jp - 16 pages PDF



Hirschfeld, Jane Hirschfeld
The Heart of Haiku
- Reference -



Kirkham, Eleanor Kirkham
Matsuo Basho's Poetic Spaces: Exploring Haikai Intersections
source : simplyhaiku.com 2007


Kasulis, Thomas P. Kasulis
Self As Image in Asian Theory and Practice
Oi no Kobumi
source : books.google.co.jp



Miyamori, Asataro Miyamori
source : books.google.co.jp


Moriguchi, Yasuhiko Moriguchi and David Jenkins
Narrow Road to the Interior, Hōjōki (Hoojooki, Hojoki)
source : www.naxos.com/mainsite


Panneman, Kristjaan Panneman - Chevrefeuille
Basho Revisited - BLOG
bashorevisited.blogspot.jp



Peipei Qiu - 丘 培培（QIU Peipei）
Bashō and the Dao: The Zhuangzi and the Transformation of Haikai
- Full Text -
なぜ荘子の胡蝶は俳諧の世界に飛ぶのか - Zhuangzi's Butterfly in the World of Haikai
source : www.nichibun.ac.jp/graphicversion


Reichhold, Jane (Author, Translator)
Basho: The Complete Haiku
with Original sumi-e ink drawings by artist Shiro Tsujimura



Shirane, Haruo Shirane
Traces of Dreams: Landscape, Cultural Memory, and the Poetry of Bashō
source : books.google.co.jp



Smirnow, Dmitri Smirnov
BASHO in Russian, English and Japanese
Various translations offered for each haiku.


Strider, haiku apprentice
Leaving the Basho Hut
source : www.haikuapprentice.com



Stryk, Lucien Stryk
On Love and Barley: Haiku of Bashō
source : books.google.co.jp



Takarai Kikaku - An Account of Our Master Basho's Last Days
Translated by Nobuyuki Yuasa
source : simplyhaiku 2006


Takase, Eri Takase Calligraphy
"It is said of the three most famous Haiku poets that Basho is the poet, Issa the conscience, and Buson the artist. I find myself going to Basho to look for the poetic moment, to Issa to comment on what is important and for perspective, and it is to Buson I go to for the art that is always before us in everyday life."
source : www.takase.com/



Takiguchi, Susumu Takiguchi
. Karumi
Matsuo Basho's Ultimate Poetical Value, Or was it? .

MORE articles by Takiguchi Susumu:
source : "Susumu Takiguchi"


Terebess, Gabor Terebess
. Translations into Hungarian .

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Ueda Makoto Ueda
Matsuo Bashō
source : books.google.co.jp

. - The master haiku Poet Matsuo Basho - .
Twayne Publishers, Inc., 1970.

Bashō and his interpreters
source : books.google.co.jp

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Watson, Scott Watson
Bashō Matsuo's Road's Edge
source : books.google.co.jp

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Wyatt, Bill Wyatt
The Influence of Chinese Literature on Basho.
source : www.poetrymagazines.org.uk

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Yuasa Nobuyuki　湯浅信之
Yuasa translates using four lines, for three reasons:
"The language of haiku is based on colloquialism, and in my opinion, the closest approximation of natural conversational rhythm can be achieved in English by a four-line stanza.
In my opinion a three-line stanza does not carry adequate dignity and weight to compare with hokku.
I had before me the task of translating a great number of poems and I found it impossible to use three-line form consistently."
source : haiku.insouthsea.co.uk
Later Yuasa changed his mind and used three lines for translations.


English Translation of Oku no Hosomichi. With nice pictures.
BASHO: Basho's World <> Yuasa, Nobuyuki Translation



Oku no Hosomichi - Wiki Travel
Narrow Road to the Deep North
source : http://wikitravel.org/en/Narrow_Road


The Narrow Road to the Deep North and Other Travel Sketches
source : www.goodreads.com


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Oi no kobumi - iza yukami discussion
source : www.ku-ma.or.jp/tpsj

Oku no hosomichi
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oku_no_Hosomichi

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Essays

Yamato Kotoba: The Japanese Language of the Flesh
Yukari Kunisue and Judy Schavrien
and Kotodama 言霊 koto dama - the spiritual power that resides in words
analysis of a haiku in which Basho uses Yamato Kotoba . . .
source : www.sofia.edu/academics/

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MORE on google books online

source : www.google.co.jp

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Aitken, Will Aitken
Following Basho's footsteps
source : www.ilovejapan.ca

Aoyagi - Calligraphy by Japanese Calligrapher Soseki Aoyagi
source : Soseki Aoyagi
with translations by Barnhill


. BASHO REVISITED .
Chèvrefeuille, a haiku poet


Bird Haiku by Basho
. aviary/haiku.html .


Irwin, Riley B. Irwin - Sabi, Nature, and the Relationship
source : simplyhaiku.com 2007


sharon hahn darlin - Language Gallery Haiku
. languagegallery.blogspot.jp .


Kuniharu Shimizu - Haiga with Basho Haiku
. seehaikuhere.blogspot.jp . 　

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- - - - - DEUTSCH - - - - -

Wenzel, Udo Wenzel
Der Wurm in der Kastanie - Sieben Haikai von Bashô
source : www.haiku-heute.de

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- quote -
Art, haiku by Edo period poet Basho newly discovered
ITAMI, Hyogo -- Haiku poems, correspondence and artwork by Edo period poet Matsuo Basho (1644-1694) have been newly discovered in several areas across Japan, a museum and library facility specializing in haiku here has announced.

A total of 16 pieces by Basho were found in private homes in Kyoto and Aichi prefectures and other places. His letters reveal strong connections with his pupils through The Zhuangzi (a Chinese text attributed to Zhuang Zhou), which is believed to have influenced the renowned Japanese poet.



One letter was written two years before Basho's death in 1692. Addressed to his pupil Dosui, a feudal samurai in an area that is now Shiga Prefecture, the letter expressed disappointment that while there were people in Edo who can teach from "The Zhuangzi," potential students were disappearing.

There was also a haiku piece which had been jointly composed with two other poets. It is believed to be the one Basho worked on when he visited what is now the city of Koka, Shiga Prefecture, in March 1685. He wrote the last part of the poem, which reads, "People climb the cherry tree at a three-pronged spot." The "three-pronged spot" is believed to refer to a river confluence. Basho was apparently enjoying sharing a moment with those who were viewing cherry blossoms from a boat nearby.

In addition, a haiku poem by Basho accompanied by a drawing was also found. It depicts a morning glory and the moon with a poem composed in 1682 titled "On a morning glory."

- - - - - MORE
- source : mainichi.jp/english/articles 2016 -


- source : asahi.com/ajw/articles 2016 -
Haikuist Basho enjoyed fun poetic parties, and a good moan
The new finding of 16 articles was announced June 2 by Kakimori Bunko, a private museum and library known for a large haiku-related collection that is situated in Itami near Osaka.


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External LINKS - Japanese

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- EXTERNAL LINKS -

JAPANESE

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bashouan.com 芭蕉庵　Basho-an Dot Com
Exhaustive Database about Basho and his work.
March 2021 - bashouan.com - seems to be hacked


Basho Database by Ito Yo 伊藤洋
. www2.yamanashi-ken.ac.jp/~itoyo/basho .
- and
芭蕉総合年表 - Timeline of Basho
source : itoyo/basho/index


Basho Kinenkan 芭蕉記念館 - Basho Museum - Tokyo 東京都江東区常盤1
source : www.kcf.or.jp/basyo
Japanese and English

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芭蕉さんが三重で詠んだ句
公益財団法人 芭蕉翁顕彰会 / 重県伊賀市上野丸之内117-13
Basho Memorial Museum - Iga Ueno
source : www.basho-bp.jp/

Basho Memorial Museum - Haiku Master Matsuo Basho - English
- source : www.basho-bp.jp/en/ -

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Basho Okina Ekotoba Den 芭蕉翁絵詞伝
"Basho-o Ekotoba-den" (The Life of the Venerable Basho in Pictures and Words)
at temple Gichu-Ji in Otsu 滋賀県大津市・義仲寺所蔵
. reference at google .


Calligraphy - 第十四室・俳人歌人真筆碑拓本
source : www1.odn.ne.jp/j-kingdom

Complete Basho Haiku in Japanese with romaji
. Wikisource .


Basho Kaigi Meeting Group　芭蕉会議
source : www.basho.jp/notice.html


Basho Jiten - Nakamura Shunjo 芭蕉事典 中村俊定
source : books.google.co.jp



179 Books about Basho ! "松尾芭蕉" で179件ヒット
source : www.yodobashi.com


Haiku Saijiki Basho 俳句、歳時記。
With a lot of videos about books on Basho.
source : hideokusakaxx-haikusaijiki

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Oku no Hosomichi - Haiku - Senryu
おくのほそ道・俳句・川柳

松尾芭蕉の紀行文『奥の細道』の俳句と、川柳について、はじめて古典に接する読者にもわかりやすく解説。写真やイラスト、地図などのビジュアル資料も多数収録しており、「読み」「聞き」「感じ」ながら作品を楽しめる。
田中貴子


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Basho Michi　芭蕉道　- the best 100 places 名蕉地100選 - with Morimura Sei'Ichi sensei　森村 誠一
source : bashomichi.com/meisyouchi


芭蕉俳菓 Basho Sweets - Haika
Translations by Toshiharu Oseko are included.
. WKD : kikyou0123 .


芭蕉全句鑑賞　- ー田中空音ー with explanations
source : Hollywood-Studio

芭蕉語録 the words of Basho himself
quoting Basho
source : denshou.web.fc2.com



Calligraphy by Japanese Calligrapher Soseki Aoyagi
source : Soseki Aoyagi


fusimin - detailed explanations. details about the 門人
source : book.geocities.jp/fusimiin/basyo



Haiku Annai　俳句案内 with Basho Haiku
presented in the four seasons
. www5c.biglobe.ne.jp/ .



Iga - 松尾芭蕉のふるさと
. www.city.iga.lg.jp .
- - - Basho to Iga　芭蕉と伊賀
. www.ict.ne.jp/~basho


Illustrations - 87首 modern, for many hokku
source : www3.ocn.ne.jp/~chiyopro/okuno-in



Kanazawa 松尾芭蕉と金沢
source : daiman/data


Kigosai - Kigo Saijiki - 1031 hokku by Basho, listed according to Kigo - 季語別「芭蕉全句集」(1031句)
source : kigosai.sub.jp

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Memorial Stones from all regions
source : www.geocities.jp/fukadasoft/rivers/basyou


Memorial Stones along the Nakasendo road
. kaidou/nakasendo .

Memorial Stones of Oku no Hosomichi
source : hirotabi.web.


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Nozarashi Kiko with photos
野ざらし紀行
source : intweb - basyou_nozarasi


Portraits of Edo Haikai Poets 俳諧の人々
source : hakusyunetto


鮒くん: Basho haiku with short explanations
source : iinaa.net/basyo


roodoku　朗読 reading "Oku no Hosomichi" 「おくのほそ道」の朗読
source : hosomichi.roudokus.com/


. Wikipedia - 松尾 芭蕉 .


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Article - Philosopher

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- The Great Eastern Philosophers: Matsuo Basho -


Bibliotherapy, Mind & Body, Soul

- quote
In the West, we have a vague sense that poetry is good for our ‘souls’, making us sensitive and wiser. Yet we don’t always know how this should work. Poetry has a hard time finding its way into our lives in any practical sense. In the East, however, some poets—like the 17th-century Buddhist monk and poet Matsuo Bashō—knew precisely what effect their poetry was meant to produce: it was a medium designed to guide us to wisdom and calm, as these terms are defined in Zen Buddhist philosophy.

Matsuo Bashō was born in 1644 in Uego, in the Iga province of Japan. As a child he became a servant of the nobleman Tōdō Yoshitada, who taught him to compose poems in the ‘haiku’ style. Traditionally, haikus contain three parts, two images and a concluding line which helps to juxtapose them. The best known haiku in Japanese literature is called ‘Old Pond’, by Bashō himself:

Old pond . . .
A frog leaps in
Water’s sound

It is all (deceptively) simple – and, when one is in the right, generous frame of mind, very beautiful.

After Yoshitada died in 1666, Bashō left home and wandered for many years before moving to the city of Edo, where he became famous and widely published. However, Bashō grew melancholy and often shunned company, and so until his death in 1694 he alternated between travelling widely on foot and living in a small hut on the outskirts of the city.

Bashō was an exceptional poet, but he did not believe in the modern idea of “art for art’s sake.” Instead, he hoped that his poetry would bring his readers into special mental states valued by Zen. His poetry reflects two of the most important Zen ideals: wabi and sabi. Wabi, for Bashō, meant satisfaction with simplicity and austerity, while sabi refers to a contented solitude. (These are the same mindsets sought in the well-known Zen tea ceremony defined by Rikyu). It was nature, more than anything else, that was thought to foster wabi and sabi, and it is therefore unsurprisingly one of Bashō’s most frequent topics. Take this spring scene, which appears to ask so little of the world, and is attuned to an appreciation of the everyday:

First cherry
budding
by peach blossoms

Bashō’s poetry is of an almost shocking simplicity at the level of theme. There are no analyses of politics or love triangles or family dramas. The point is to remind readers that what really matters is to be able to be content with our own company, to appreciate the moment we are in and to be attuned to the very simplest things life has to offer: the changing of the seasons, the sound of our neighbours laughing across the street, the little surprises we encounter when we travel. Take this gem:

Violets—
how precious on
a mountain path

Bashō also used natural scenes to remind his readers that flowers, weather, and other natural elements are—like our own lives—ever-changing and fleeting. Time and the changing of weathers and scenes need to be attended to, as harbingers of our own deaths:

Yellow rose petals
thunder—
a waterfall

This transience of life may sometimes be heartbreaking, but it is also what makes every moment valuable.

Bashō liked to paint as well as write, and many of his works still exist, usually with the related haikus written alongside them. This one depicts the above haiku. (“Yellow rose petals…”)

In literature, Bashō valued “karumi,” or “lightness”. He wanted it to seem as if children had written it. He abhorred pretension and elaboration. As he told his disciples, “in my view a good poem is one in which the form of the verse, and the joining of its two parts, seem light as a shallow river flowing over its sandy bed.”

The ultimate goal of this “lightness” was to allow readers to escape the burdens of the self —one’s petty peculiarities and circumstances—in order to experience unity with the world beyond. Bashō believed that poetry could, at its best, allow one to feel a brief sensation of merging with the natural world. One may become – through language – the rock, the water, the stars, leading one to an enlightened frame of mind known as muga, or a loss-of-awareness-of-oneself.

We can see Bashō’s concept of muga or self-forgetting at work in the way he invites us almost to inhabit his subjects, even if they are some rather un-poetic dead fish:

Fish shop
how cold the lips
of salted bream

In a world full of social media profiles and crafted resumes, it might seem odd to want to escape our individuality—after all, we carefully groom ourselves to stand out from the rest of the world. Bashō reminds us that muga or self-forgetting is valuable because it allows us to break free from the incessant thrum of desire and incompleteness which otherwise haunts all human lives.

Bashō suffered for long periods from deep melancholy; he travelled the dangerous back roads of the Japanese countryside with little more than writing supplies, and he spent some truly unglamorous nights:

Fleas and lice biting;
awake all night
a horse pissing close to my ear

Yet muga freed Bashō—and it can also free us—from the tyranny of glum moments of individual circumstance. His poetry constantly invites us to appreciate what we have, and to see how infinitesimal and unimportant our personal difficulties are in the vast scheme of the universe.

Bashō’s poetry was a clever tool for enlightenment and revelation – through the artfully simple arrangement of words. The poems are valuable not because they are beautiful (though they are this too) but because they can serve as a catalyst for some of the most important states of the soul. They remind both the writer and the reader that contentment relies on knowing how to derive pleasure from simplicity, and how to escape (even if only for a while) the tyranny of being ourselves.


Posted by The Philosophers' Mail on 26 September 2014
no author quoted
- source : www.theschooloflife.com


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. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .

. - KIGO used by Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - .


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