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06/12/2014

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. SAIJIKI - Basho - gyooji 行事 observances, rituals, festivals .

. SAIJIKI - Basho - seikatsu 生活 humanity, daily life .

. seken 世間 the every-day-world - ukiyo 浮世 the floating world .

. sekibaku 　寂寞　tranquility and solitude　－ hokku aesthetics .

. Sengai Gibon 仙厓義梵 (1751–1837) .
..... painting frog under banana tree

. Satoo Shooji 佐藤庄司 Sato Shoji . Oku no Hosomichi, Station 14

. Shinto Shrines visited - 神社 jinja 　宮 miya 　.

. shizen 自然 nature . 　
jibun　自分　"myself" is short for - shizen no bunshin　自然の分身 -I am the same as nature -　

. shooben 小便 shomben, bari - pissing .

- - - shoogi 将棊 Shogi generals' chess.
yamazakura shoogi no ban mo katani kana
natsu no yo ya heta no shoogi no ichi ni ban

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- - - - - . sabishisa さびしさ loneliness, to feel solitary ### . - - - - -

. sabishisa o toote kurenu ka kiri hitoha .
(autumn) one paulownia leaf. loneliness. come to me (to his friend Ransetsu)

. sabishisa ya hana no atari no asunaro .
(spring) cherry blossoms. Asunaro cypress. loneliness

. sabishisa ya iwa ni shimikomu semi no koe .
at temple 立石寺 Risshaku-Ji, Yamadera　山寺

. sabishisa ya kugi ni kaketaru kirigirisu .
- or shizukasa ya e kakaru kabe no kirigirisu
(autumn) cricket. hanging on a nail. how lonely.

. sabishisa ya Suma ni kachitaru hama no aki .
(autumn) at the beach of Suma　須磨, loneliness

- - - - -

- - - - - . Saga no take　嵯峨の竹 bamboo from Saga　. * - - - - -

- - - - - . Saigyo and Basho 西行 . - - - - -

. Saigyoo no iori mo aran hana no niwa .

. Saigyoo no waraji mo kakare matsu no tsuyu .
(autumn) dew, remembering priest Saigyo　西行, straw sandals. pine

- - - . Saigyoo no iori mo aran hana no niwa .
(spring) cherry blossoms. like the hermitage of Saigyo. garden

- - - - -

- - - - - . Sakai in Edo 　堺　　### . - - - - -

- - - - - . sake　酒　 and sakazuki　杯 ###. - - - - -

. sakazuki ni mitsu no na o nomu koyoi kana .
(autumn). sake cup. three names (friends)
- in memory of the Chinese poet Li Po, Li Bo, Li Bai 李白

. sakazuki no shita yuku kiku ya kutsuki bon .
(autumn) chrysanthemum. sake cup. tray from Kitsuki

. sakazuki ya yamaji no kiku to kore o hosu .
(autumn) chrysanthemum. this sake cup. mountain road. I drink it all

. sake nomeba itodo nerarenu yoru no yuki .
(winter) snow at night. when I drink sake I can not sleep

. sakenomi ni kataran kakaru taki no hana / sake nomi ni .
(summer) Dragon Gate waterfall. drinking companion. souvenir.
- in memory of the Chinese poet Li Po, Li Bo, Li Bai 李白

- - - - -

. saki midasu momo no naka yori hatsu-zakura / hatsuzakura .
(spring) first cherry blossoms. peach blossoms everywhere.

- - - - - . sakura 櫻 - 桜 -　さくら　cherry blossoms . - - - - -
- - - - - 桜狩り奇特や日々に五里六里 - sakuragari kidoku ya hibi ni go ri roku ri
walking every day for 5 or 6 RI

- - - - - . sakura asa, sakura-asa 桜麻 "cherry-blossom hemp" . * - - - - -

. samazama no koto omoidasu sakura kana .
(spring) cherry blossoms. remembering many things

. . . . .

. - - samidare　五月雨 - rain of the fifth lunar month - - .
(summer)

. samidare ni kakurenu mono ya Seta no hashi .
(summer) rain during the rainy season. bridge at Seta 瀬田の橋, lake Biwako

samidare ni tsuru no ashi mijikaku nareri
五月雨に鶴の足短くなれり

. samidare no furi nokoshite Hikari Doo .
(summer) rain during the rainy season. at the Golden Hall 光堂 in Hiraizumi

. samidare o atsumete hayashi Mogamigawa .
(summer) rain during the rainy season. river Mogamigawa　最上川, Hiraizumi

. samidare ya kaiko wazurau kuwa no hata .
(summer) rain during the rainy season, an ill silkworm. mulberry field

. samidare ya ryuutoo aguru Bantaroo .
(summer) "Dragon Lantern". flood warden
- depicting the flood prevention custom of the Edo period

. samidare ya shikishi hegitaru kabe no ato .
(summer) decoration card with poem. hole in the wall
. . . . .

. samukeredo futari neru yoru zo tanomoshiki .
(winter) cold. sleeping together is quite a pleasure

- - - - - sanae さなえ　早苗 young rice plants - - - - -

. sanae ni mo waga iro kuroki hikazu kana .
(summer) young rice plants. I am suntanned from many days traveling

. sanae toru temoto ya mukashi shinobuzuri .
fern cloth-printing or mottling from Shinobu village

- - - - -

. sarabachi mo honoka no yami no yoi suzumi . 皿鉢 *
(summer) cool evening, plates and bowls shimmer faintly

. - Sarashina Kikoo, Sarashina kikō 更科紀行 - 更級紀行 Sarashina Kiko
- Sarashina Journal - .

. sareba koso aretaki mama no shimo no yado .
(winter) frost. a wild, rough home. well indeed

- - - - - . saruhiki, saru hiki 猿引 monkey performance for the New Year . * - - - - -
toshidoshi ya saru ni kisetaru saru no men

. saruhiki wa saru no kosode o kinuta kana .
(autumn) fulling block. monkey trainer. little coat

. saru o kiku hito sutego ni aki no kaze ika ni .
(autumn) wind, monkey, abandoned child

. sasa no tsuyu hakama ni kakeshi shigeri kana .
(summer) thicket. dew on arrow bamboo. Hakama trouser skirt. thicket

. sashikomoru mugura no tomo kabuna uri .
(winter) winter seclusion. mugura cleavers. vendor of greens.

. sato furite kaki no ki motanu ie mo nashi .
(autumn) persimmon tree. old village (furusato 故郷　古里 my hometown).

. (satobito) sato-bito wa ine ni uta yomu miyako kana .
(summer) rice plant. the local people. to sing. the capital Kyoto

. sato no ko yo ume orinokose ushi no muchi .
(spring) plum blossoms. village kids. ox whips

- - - - - satori　悟り　 - Zen enlightenment
. satoranu さとらぬ no enlightenment, unenlightened . * - - - - -

. Saya Shuku 佐屋宿 and Atsuta Shrine ### .
- - - - - kuina naku to hito no ieba ya Saya domari

. sazanami ya kaze no kaori no ai byooshi .
(summer) fragrant breeze. gentle waves of Lake Biwako.

. sazaregani ashi hainoboru shimizu kana .
(summer) crab. my legs, fresh water

.........................................................................................................................................................

. - Sekiguchi Bashoan 関口芭蕉庵 Sekiguchi Basho-An in Edo - .

- - - - - . seki 関　checkoint, sekimori 関守 checkpoint warden . * - - - - -

. sekimori no yado o kuina ni toou mono .
(summer) water rail. I ask for the home of the barrier guard.
for 相楽等躬 Sagara Tokyu at Sukagawa 須賀川

- - - - -

. sekizoro no kureba fuuga mo shiwasu kana . 節季候 *
(winter) Year-End Singers. elegance. last month of the year

. sekizoro o suzume no warau detachi kana .
(winter) Year-End Singers. sparrows laugh

- - - - - . semi 蝉 cicada - semi no koe 蝉の声 voice of a cicada . * - - - - -

- - - - - . semigoromo, semi-goromo 蝉衣 thin "cicada robe" for summer . * - - - - -

- - - - - . senkoo　線香 incense　sticks . * - - - - -

. seriyaki ya susowa no ta-i no hatsu goori . seri yaki ya
(winter) first ice. dropwort (Japanese parsley). irrigation pond

- - - - - . - Seta 瀬田 at lake Biwako - ### . - - - - -

. setsukarete toshi wasure suru kigen kana .
(winter) year-end party. I feel great

- - - - - . seyo せよ Let us do this! Basho giving direct orders . - - - - -

.............................................................................

- - - - - . shakan, sakan 左官 plasterer . * - - - - -

- - - - - . shamisen, samisen 三味線 Japanese lute . * - - - - -

. shiba no to ni cha o konoha kaku asashi kana .
(autumn) fallen leaves. tea tree. brushwood gate. storm

. shiba no to no tsuki ya sono mama Amida boo .
(autumn) moon. brushwood gate. just as it was. monk Amida-bo

- - - - - . shibaraku wa しばらくは for a while - . - - - - -

. shibaraku wa hana no ue naru tsukiyo kana .
(spring) cherry blossoms. for a while. moon of tonight

. shibaraku wa taki ni komoru ya ge no hajime .
(summer) waterfall, summer retreat

. shibashi ma mo matsu ya hototogi su sennen .
(summer) hototogisu, little cuckoo. waiting for a short while feels like 1000 years.

. shiba tsukeshi uma no modori ya tauedaru (taue-daru) .
(summer) planting rice. horses return with a sake cask

. shichi kei wa kiri ni kakurete Mii no kane .
(spring) mist. seven views. hidden. temple Miidera

- - - - - . - shigure 時雨 winter drizzle, sleet - . - - - - -

. shigure o ya modokashigarite matsu no yuki .
(winter) sleet. to be impatient. snow on the pines

. shigururu ya ta no arakabu no kuromu hodo .
(winter) sleet. stubble on the field. black

. shirageshi ya shigure no hana no sakitsuran .
shira geshi ya shigure no hana no saki tsu ran
shira-geshi ya shigure no hana no saki tsuran
(summer) white poppies. blossoms of winter drizzle.

. shihoo yori hana fuki irete nio no nami .
(spring) blowing cherry blossoms. all four directions. waves of grebe birds

. shika no tsuno mazu hito fushi no wakare kana .
(autumn) deer horn. developing the first branch. parting with friends (at Nara)

- - - - - . shikishi 色紙　decoration card with poem . * - - - - -

- - - - - . shime 七五三, shimenawa 注連縄 a sacred rope . * - - - - -

- - - - - shimo 霜 frost - - - - -

. shimo no nochi nadeshiko sakeru hioke kana .
(winter) frost. a wild pink blossom on the brazier

. shimo o kite kaze o shikine no sutego kana .
(winter) frost. wind for a blanket. abandoned child

. shi ni mo senu tabine no hate yo aki no kure .
(autumn) autumn dusk. end of my journey. I did not die yet
(shini mo senu)

. shinobu sae karete mochi kau yadori kana
(autumn) hare's foot fern. mochi rice cakes. inn (at shrine Atsuta Jingu)

- - - - - . shinobuzuri, shinobu-zuri しのぶ摺 / 忍ぶ綟摺り fern cloth-printing or mottling . * - - - - -

. shinwara no desomete hayaki shigure kana .
(autumn) new straw. coming out early. winter drizzle

. shiodai no haguki mo samushi uo no tana / shio dai .
(winter) cold. salted sea bream. fishmonger

. shiogoshi ya tsuru hagi nurete umi suzushi .
(summer) coolness of the sea. legs of a crane. wet. Shiogoshi / Shiokoshi

. shio ni shite mo iza kotozuten Miyakodori .
(winter) hooded gull. pickled in salt. message

. shiorashiki na ya komatsu fuku hagi susuki .
(autumn) bush clover and miscanthus reeds. what a lovely name. Komatsu town

- - - - - . - shiragami 白髪 white hair - . - - - - -

. shiraga nuku makura no shita ya kirigirisu .
(autumn) crickets. white hair under my pillow

. shirageshi ni hane mogu choo no katami kana . shira-geshi
(summer) white poppy. butterfly. to tear off its wings as a memento (for Tokoku)

. shirageshi ya shigure no hana no sakitsuran .
shira geshi ya shigure no hana no saki tsu ran
shira-geshi ya shigure no hana no saki tsuran
(summer) white poppies. blossoms of winter drizzle.

- - - - -

. shiragiku ya me ni tatete miru chiri mo nashi .
(autumn) chrysanthemum, dust, eye
for Shiba Sonome 斯波園女

. shira-giku yo shira-giku yo haji naga kami yo naga kami yo . - shiragiku
(autumn) white chrysanthemum. long hair. (shame 恥 haji)

shirauo 白魚 Salanx microdon
. WKD whitebait / icefish . 　　

- - - - - . shirazu　知らず I do not know ### . - - - - -

. shiratsuyu mo kobosanu hagi no uneri kana　 .
(autumn) white dew. bush clover. swaying

- - - - - . shiro 城 castle, shiro ato 城跡 castle ruins / yamashiro 山城 mountain castle . * - - - - -

. shiro-ato ya furu-i no shimizu mazu towan .
(summer) fresh well water. castle ruins (of Inaba castle 稲葉山). I will seek this first

. shirozumi ya ka no Urashima ga oi no hako .
(winter) white charcoal. this Urashima Taro! "Chest of Old Age"

- - - - - . shiwasu 師走, 臘月 12th lunar month, december . - - - - -

- - - - -
. shisoku 紙燭 torch lamp with paper shade . * - - - - -

. shizu no ko ya ine surikakete tsuki o miru . 賎 shizu *
(autumn) moonviewing, the poor and lowly

. - - - - - shizukesa, shizukasa 閑さ - shizuka 静か - - - - - .

. shizukesa ya iwa ni shimi-iru semi no koe .
shizukasa ya 閑かさや岩にしみ入る蝉の声
(summer) voice of the cicadas. silence, rocks
in memory of his master, Sengin 蝉吟 (1642 - 1666) "Cicada poet"

- - - - - . shoshun, hatsu haru 初春 "First spring", the New Year . * - - - - -

- - - - - . shooben 小便 Shoben, shomben, bari - pissing . - - - - -

- Shoomon 蕉門 Shomon, the disciples of Basho -
shoomon jittetsu 蕉門十哲
Basho jittetsu 芭蕉十哲 The 10 most important disciples

. Shooshoo no ama no hanashi ya Shiga no yuki .
(winter) snow. stories about the nun Shosho 少将の尼.

. shoshun mazu sake ni ume uru nioi kana .
(spring) New Year (First Spring). first comes sake. fragrance of plum blossoms

. soba wa mada hana de motenasu yamaji kana .
(autumn) buckwheat flowers. entertaining. mountain road

- - - - - . - sode 袖 sleeve, kosode 小袖 short-sleeved kimono - . - - - - -

. sode no iro yogorete samushi koi nezumi .
(winter) cold. the color of his sleeve, dirty dark gray

. sode yogosuran tanishi no ama no hima o nami .
(spring) mud snails. dirty sleeves of fishermen. so busy

. sono katachi miba ya kareki no tsue no take .
(winter) withered trees. this form. the length of his walking stick
at the death of Doo-En 道円 Do-En

. sono nioi momo yori shiroshi suisenka .
(spring) daffodils. fragrance of daffodils is whiter than peach

. sono tama ya Haguro ni kaesu nori no tsuki .
(autumn) moon. Moon of the Buddhist Law. his soul has returned to Mount Haguro.
for priest Betto Tenyuu Hoo-in 天佑法院 Tenyu Ho-In.

- - - - - . soo, sō 僧 monk, Buddhist priest . * - - - - -

. soo asagao ikushi ni kaeru nori no matsu .
(autumn) morning glories. monks. to die. Dharma pine - at temple Taimadera 当麻寺

. sookai no nami sake kusashi kyoo no tsuki .
(autumn) moon. blue sea. sake. fragrance

. sugoroku　双六 game .
Plum Series: Beautiful Customs Sugoroku (Ume-zukushi Kichirei Sugoroku)
"Haikai Ichimai Zuri" / Sekijukan Shūkoku (1711 to 1796) Edo-za Haikai

. suigaku mo norimono kasan ama-no-gawa .
(autumn) "Heavenly River". lending a ship. Suigaku Sooho 水学宗甫 Soho

. suimono wa mazu dekasareshi Suizenji .
(summer) seaweed from temple Suizen-Ji水前寺. soup

- - - - - Suma 須磨 temple and beach - - - -
. Sumadera ya fukanu fue kiku konoshita yami .
(summer) darkness under the trees. flute. at temple Sumadera 須磨寺

. Suma no ama yasaki ni naku ka hototogisu .
(summer) little cuckoo. fisherman as Suma

. Suma no Ura no toshitori mono ya sai ichiha .
(New Year) brushwood. at Suma beach 須磨の浦

. Suma no natsu 須磨の夏 summer in Suma .

- - - - -

- - - - -. sumi 炭 charcoal - Ono-zumi小野 charcoal from Ono and more . - - - - -

. sumitsukanu tabi no kokoro ya okigotatsu .
(winter) kotatsu heater, brazier. no place to live. travelling mind.

- - - - - . sumoo 相撲　Sumo wrestling . * - - - - -

- - - - - . susu harai (susuharai) 煤払い　cleaning off soot at the end of year . * - - - - -

. susuhaki wa ono ga tana tsuru daiku kana .
(winter) cleaning off soot, carpenter
- - - - -

. Suruga ji ya hana tachibana mo cha no nioi .
(summer) Tachibana citrus blossoms. Suruga road. smell of tea

. suzumeko to koe nakikawasu nezumi no su .
(spring) voice of a baby sparrow, mouse

- - - - - . suzumi 納涼 to enjoy a cool breeze in summer - Basho SAIJIKI . - - - - -

- - - - - . suzuri 硯 inkstone / suzuribako 硯箱 box for the inkstone . * - - - - -

. suzuri ka to hirou ya kuboki ishi no tsuyu .
(autumn) dew. inkstone. dew. for Saigyo
- - - - -

- - - - - . - suzushisa 涼しさ coolness - . ### - - - - -
- suzumi 涼み - すゞみ to enjoy a cool breeze in summer -

. suzushisa o e ni utsushi keri Saga no take .
(summer) coolness. bamboo from Saga　嵯峨, Kyoto

. suzushisa o Hida no takumi ga sashizu kana .
(summer) coolness. carpenter from Hida. all the instructions

. suzushisa o waga yado ni shite nemaru nari .
(summer) coolness. my lodgings. I take a rest (at Obanazawa)

. suzushisa ya hono mikazuki no Haguroyama .
(summer) coolness. sickle moon. at mount Haguroyama　羽黒、 Dewa

. suzushisa ya sugu ni nomatsu no eda no nari .
(summer) coolness. branches of a wild pine tree. for Hirooka Sesshi 広岡雪芝

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14/11/2012

- - - Station 37 - Natadera 那谷寺 - - -

On my way to Yamanaka hot spring, the white peak of Mount Shirane overlooked me all the time from behind. At last I came to the spot where there was a temple hard by a mountain on the left. According to the legend, this temple was built to enshrine Kannon, the great goddess of mercy, by the Emperor Kazan, when he had finished his round of the so-called Thirty- three Sacred Temples, and its name Nata was compounded of Nachi and Tanigumi, the first and last of these temples respectively. There were beautiful rocks and old pines in the garden, and the goddess was placed in a thatched house built on a rock. Indeed, the entire place was filled with strange sights.

Whiter far
Than the white rocks
Of the Rock Temple
The autumn wind blows.

I enjoyed a bath in the hot spring whose marvelous properties had a reputation of being second to none, except the hot spring of Ariake.

Bathed in such comfort
In the balmy spring of Yamanaka,
I can do without plucking
Life-preserving chrysanthemums

The host of the inn was a young man named Kumenosuke. His father was a poet and there was an interesting story about him: one day, when Teishitsu (later a famous poet in Kyoto but a young man then) came to this place, he met this man and suffered a terrible humiliation because of his ignorance of poetry, and so upon his return to Kyoto, he became a student of Teitoku and never abandoned his studies in poetry till he had established himself as an independent poet. It was generally believed that Teishitsu gave instruction in poetry free of charge to anyone from this village throughout his life. It must be admitted, however, that this is already a story of long ago.

My companion, Sora, was seized by an incurable pain in his stomach. So he decided to hurry, all by himself, to his relatives in the village of Nagashima in the province of Ise. As he said good-bye he wrote:

No matter where I fall
On the road
Fall will I to be buried
Among the flowering bush-clovers.

I felt deeply in my heart both the sorrow of one that goes and the grief of one that remains, just as a solitary bird separated from his flock in dark clouds, and wrote in answer:

From this day forth, alas,
The dew-drops shall wash away
The letters on my hat
Saying 'A party of two.'

Tr. by Nobuyuki Yuasa
source : terebess.hu/english

那谷 Nata
山中の温泉に行ほど、白根が嶽跡にみなしてあゆむ。左の山際に観音堂あり。花山の法皇三十三所の順礼とげさせ給ひて後、大慈大悲の像を安置し給ひて那谷と名付給ふとや。那智谷組の二字をわかち侍しとぞ。奇石さま％＼に古松植ならべて、萱ぶきの小堂岩の上に造りかけて、殊勝の土地也。

石山の石より白し秋の風 Ishiyama no ishi yori shiroshi

山中 Yamanaka
温泉に浴す。其功有明に次と云。

山中や菊はたおらぬ湯の匂 Yamanaka ya kiku o taoranu yu no nioi

あるじとする物は久米之助とていまだ小童也。かれが父誹諧を好み、洛の貞室若輩のむかし爰に来りし比、風雅に辱しめられて、洛に帰て貞徳の門人となつて世にしらる。功名の後、此一村判詞の料を請ずと云。今更むかし語とはなりぬ。

曾良は腹を病て、伊勢の国長嶋と云所にゆかりあれば、先立て行に、

行行てたふれ伏とも萩の原 - yukiyukite taore-fusu tomo hagi no hara
曾良 Sora

と書置たり。行ものゝ悲しみ残ものゝうらみ隻鳧のわかれて雲にまよふがごとし。予も又

今日よりや書付消さん笠の露 kyoo yori ya kakitsuke kesan kasa no tsuyu

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source :　facebook

Natadera 石川県小松市那谷町ユ122 Komatsu, Ishikawa

- Homepage of the temple
- source : www.natadera.com

- quote -
The origins of Natadera
Natadera has its principal deities the Eleven-headed Thousand-Armed Kannon(Sanskrit:Avalokitesvara), the Hakusan Myori-daigongen(Engulish:the Supreme Power of Hakusan), and the natural rocky mountain caves, has worshipped both gods and Buddha from it's beginnings.
Taicho brought the teachings of Jinenchi from the heart of the Yoshino mountains, and founded the temple in the beginning of the Nara Period, in the first year of the Yoro Era(717 C.E.), calling it Iwaya-dera.
The name was changed to Natadera by the emperor Kazan, who ruled during the Heian Period. In his later years, Kazan often stayed at the temple, and designed the gardens to resemble the Fudaraku mountain of the Pure Land on which lives Kannon (Skt:Sukhavati.)
- source : www.natadera.com/en -

. Kazan Tenno 花山天皇 (968 - 1008) .

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山中や菊はたおらぬ湯の匂
Yamanaka ya kiku o taoranu yu no nioi

Yamanaka -
no need to pluck chrysanthemums:
the fragrance of these springs
Tr. Barnhill

今日よりや書付消さん笠の露
kyoo yori ya kakitsuke kesan kasa no tsuyu

from this day forth -
the inscription washed away
by the dew on my hat
Tr. Barnhill

Read the text of Barnhill here
source : books.google.co.jp

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今日よりや書付消さん笠の露
kyoo yori ya kakitsuke kesan kasa no tsuyu

From today on
I'll keep the inscription erased
dew hat.
Tr. Aitken

from this very day
cancel out the inscription
bamboo peaked hat's dew
Tr. Corman / Kamaike

MORE - hokku about - kasa 笠　hat - by
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

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quote from Will Aitken
The Kakusan Gorge is so beautiful, the air so clear, the birdsong so piercing, there's an air of unreality about this walk, as though it exists outside of time.

In a way it does, because people come from all over the world to this isolated peninsula in northern Honshu, a three-hour train ride from Tokyo, to stroll this path and to view the same landscape that Basho, one of Japan's greatest and most influential poets, first visited in 1689. He bathed at a mineral springs in Yamanaka Onsen, the village at the end of this walk, and afterward wrote these lines:

After bathing for hours
In Yamanaka's waters
I couldn't even pick a flower.
Tr. Will Aitken

- snip -
For a poet noted for the stark simplicity of his lines, Basho led a tumultuous life.
. . . . And as for his humble ways, he and Sora usually stayed, not in picturesque huts where they shared frugal meals, but instead lived well in the villas of wealthy merchant-class patrons along the way.

MORE
source : Will Aitken

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Matsuo Basho took a break from his "Narrow Road to the Deep North" Journey and stayed at a Ryokan named "Izumiya" in Yamanaka Onsen from July 27th (September 10th on the solar calendar) to August 5th of Genroku 2 (1689).
During the nine days, Basho visited the Shrine of the Healing Buddha, spent a relaxing time at the hot spring, and enjoyed the magnificent landscape of Yamanaka Onsen thoroughly.
Later he praised Yamanaka Onsen as one fo the three best hot springs in Japan.

Afterwards Matsuo Basho recited a haiku:
"Yamanaka ya Kiku wa taoraji Yu no nihoi".
This haiku means that Yamanaka Onsen can give one longevity and "after going into Yamanaka Onsen's hot spring water, you don't even need to drink the dew of the chrysanthenum of eternal youth that is collected by the Chinese Chrysanthenum Fairies.".

"Gyoki, Nobutsura, Rennyo, Basho" are worshipped as the "Four Sages" of Yamanaka Onsen since ancient times and are respected even now as the persons who built the foundation of Yamanaka Onsen.

Gyoki was the monk who discovered Yamanaka Onsen during Nara Era, and Nobutsura Hasebe was the Lord of Noto who revived this hot spring which was lying derelict.
The eminent monk Rennyo also left numerous legends behind him during his visit to the Yamanaka Onsen.

The Four Sages were deeply connected with Yamanaka in different eras; and with 1300 years of history, visitors can still feel the rich culture in this Onsen District along with the constantly flowing hot springs that emerges from underground.
source : www.yamanaka-spa.or.jp

Basho also wrote this hokku

かがり火（いさり火）にかじかや波の下むせび
漁り火に鰍や浪の下むせび
isaribi ni kajika ya nami no shita musebi
kagaribi ni . . .

by the fish-luring fires
a bullhead - under the waves
sobbing
Tr. Gabi Greve

Written in 1689 元禄2年7月.

In Yamanaka Hot spring there are 10 specialities, one of them the "Takase fish-luring fires" 高瀬の漁火".

. WKD : bullhead, kajika 鰍 (かじか) .
Cottus pollux or Synanceja verrucosa and Syanaceja horrida

Fires to lure fish have been used in Japan since olden times:

yozuribi 夜釣火（よづりび） light (bonfire) for night fishing
yotaki 夜焚 (よたき) bonfire at night
yotakibune 夜焚舟（よたきぶね） boat with a bonfire or light
To lure the fish at sea, for example octopus.

. WKD : Fishing in Summer .

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湯の名残り幾度見るや霧のもと
yu no nagori iku tabi miru ya kiri no moto

leaving the hot springs,
looking back how many times —
beneath the mist
Tr. Barnhill

leaving the hot springs:
looking back how many times,
searching thruogh the mist
Tr. Chilcott

leaving this hot spring
I look back so many times -
it is all in fog
- or -
leaving this hot spring
I look back so many times -
all in a fog
Tr. Gabi Greve

Basho wrote this and the following hokku as a parting gift for the owner of the hot spring lodging where he had stayed.

The cut marker YA is at the end of line 2.

. WKD : kiri 霧 (きり) fog (in autumn) .
kasumi　霞　mist (in spring)

- - - - - - - -

湯の名残り今宵は肌の寒からん
湯の名残今宵は肌の寒からむ
yu no nagori koyoi wa hada no samukaran

leaving the hot-springs:
tonight my skin
will be cool
Tr. Barnhill

leaving the hot springs:
tonight my skin will feel so
very cool, so cool
Tr. Chilcott

. WKD : hada samu 肌寒 "the skin feels cold" .
kigo for autumn

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source :　en.wikipedia.org

Basho and Sora parting at Yamanaka Onsen　山中温泉

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Yamanaka laquer ware　山中漆器
wood carved into simple forms with a layer of laquer to keep it usable for a long time.

. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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BACK TO
. Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - Introduction .

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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
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24/06/2012

aware

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quote
An Interview with Michael F. Marra
by Robert D. Wilson
. . . about Motoori Norinaga

RW:
Norinaga is well known for his conceptualization of the term mono no aware.
Would you describe this conceptualization and, perhaps, include an example or two?

MM:
Mono-no-aware simply means to be moved by exteriority.
It is the appeal that external things have on people perceiving them. "Aware" conveys the idea of the moving power of "things" (mono).
For example, let's say that a brush fire destroys an entire mountain, and that in the fire ten people die and a thousand people lose their homes and everything that took them a lifetime to accumulate. Mono no aware refers to the reaction that people who never experienced a devastating fire should have (and the key word here is the categorical imperative "should"): they should feel the pain of those who have lost everything, including their lives.

One might say, this is only natural, but that's not the case. It would be sufficient to turn on the TV in Los Angeles during one of the many Southern California brush fires and to listen to the broadcasters' comments: the fires are consistently "spectacular, breathtaking, sublime (because broadcasting comes from the safety of Hollywood offices), marvelous, sometime even beautiful." Listening to these comments one inevitably feels that the broadcasters are actually the ones responsible for setting the fire in the first place, just to make sure they have the "spectacular" news.

Now, for Norinaga, to be moved by "things" is not the result of a natural process everybody develops from birth (the broadcasters of my example are living proofs that Norinaga was right).

The ability to be "moved" (aware) is the result of arduous study, especially poetry and the classics that help readers realize the meaning of affects. Apparently, in Hollywood poetry and the classics are not very popular. For Norinaga, ethics is actually the result of aesthetics which is the result of poetics: one knows how to behave because he/she has learned how to feel. But one does not know how to feel unless he/she knows how to read poetry.
source : simply haiku 2007

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Motoori Norinaga 本居宣長
21 June 1730 - 5 November 1801

陰暦九月二十九日

Norinaga Ki 宣長忌 Memorial Day for Norinaga
Suzu no Ya Ki 鈴の屋忌 Suzunoya memorial day

observance kigo for late autumn

Suzu no ya 鈴屋（すずのや）was the name of his study room
Home of the bells, which he liked very much. He hung a bell in the tokonoma of his study and used to ring it, when he needed a break from his studies.

quote
... a Japanese scholar of Kokugaku 国学　Japanese studies, active during the Edo period. He is probably the best known and most prominent of all scholars in this tradition.

Hitherto scholars of ancient literature had shown a preference for the grandness and masculinity of Man'yōshū poetry and an aversion to works like the Tale of Genji, which were regarded as unmanly and feminine. Norinaga resurrected the position of the Tale of Genji, which he regarded as an expression of mono no aware, a particular Japanese sensibility of "sorrow at evanescence" that Norinaga claimed forms the essence of Japanese literature.

In undertaking his textual analysis of ancient Japanese, Norinaga also made vital contributions to establishing a native Japanese grammatical tradition, in particular the analysis of clitic morphems, particles and auxiliary verbs.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. WKD : Memorial Days of Famous People .

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春はただ花の一重に咲くばかり
物のあはれは秋ぞまされる

haru wa tada hana no hitoe ni saku bakari
mono no aware wa aki zo masareru

Spring
Blooms simply
in one petal of the cherry blossoms -
In autumn mono no aware
is at its highest.

Norinaga Motoori　本居宣長

Shuishu 拾遺集　/ 拾遺和歌集
Tr. Michael F. Marra

. WKD : Autumn (aki) 秋 .

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朝顔は下手の書くさへあはれなり
asagao wa heta no kaku sae aware nari

morning glory:
even when painted poorly,
it has pathos
Tr. Barnhill

Written in summer of 1687 貞亨4年夏.

His straight criticism of a painting from his disciple Ransetsu 嵐雪.
This poem shows that there was really no need for enryoo 遠慮 polite holding back or polite reserve, between him and his student.

even when painted poorly
the morning glory
is touching . . .
paraverse by Elaine Andre

how evocative...
a morning glory even when
poorly painted
paraverse by Dennis Chibi Holmes

. Hattori Ransetsu 服部嵐雪 .

This hokku is in one sentence, with the cut NARI at the end of line 3.

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振売の鴈あはれなり恵比須講　
. furi uri no gan aware nari Ebisu koo .
(New Year) Ebisu festival. peddler. geese. pathos

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古巣ただあはれなるべき隣かな
furusu tada aware naru beki tonari kana

the old nest
will be so very lonely without
my neighbour
Tr. Gabi Greve

Written in the third lunar month of 1686 貞亨3年閏3月.
This hokku has the cut marker KANA at the end of line 3.

His friendly neighbour, the priest Sooha 宗波 Soha of the Obaku Zen school, had gone off for a religious trip to Kyoto. This is the good-by present for him.
Soha had accompanied him to see Zen priest Butcho in Kashima.
Basho feels like a mother bird, when a well-loved baby bird has left its nest and taken off to its own life.

. Kashima Kiko, Kashima Mode 鹿島詣 .

Dates about the life of Soha 宗波 are not well known.
He had been priest at temple Joorinji 定林寺 Jorin-Ji in Honjo, Edo and been good friends with Basho.
When he left for Western Japan, Basho wrote him a letter of introduction to his disciple Shimosato Chisoku 下里知足 (1640 - 1704) in Narumi.

When Basho visited Iga Ueno, Soha came visiting him in 1688　貞亨5年2月19日.
But Soha had been very ill already.

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koen 古庭　A desolate Garden

花みな枯れてあはれをこぼす草の種
hana mina karete aware o kobosu kusa no tane

flowers all withered
spilling their sadness:
seeds for grass
Tr. Barnhill

All the flowers withered,
A pity it is, to see falling
The seeds of weeds.
Tr. Oseko

Autumn of 1686 貞亨３年秋 or 貞亨2年
The season is winter.

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東西あはれさひとつ秋の風
. higashi nishi aware sa hitotsu aki no kaze .

on the death of Mukai Chine 向井千子, poet and sister of his disciple Mukai Kyorai 向井去来 .

higashi is Basho in the East -- nishi is Kyorai in the West

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昼顔に米搗き涼むあはれなり
hirugao ni kometsuki suzumu aware nari

by the noonflower
a rice-pounder cools himself:
a sight so moving
Tr. Barnhill

The rice-pounder,
Cooling himself by the convolvulus flowers,—
A sight of pathos.
Tr. Blyth

Comment by Blyth:
The rice-pounder is exhausted, and sits in the shade mopping his brow. Along the fence the convolvulus flowers are blooming because of and in spite of the heat. The half-obliviousness of the flowers on the part of the man, and the complete obliviousness on the part of the flowers, gives Bashō a feeling which, like God, is nameless.

Summer 1681
Maybe in the years of Tenwa (1681 - 1683) 天和年間

In the Edo period, there were special workers to pound the rice grains from brown genmai into white rice, especially farmers from Echigo and Etchu.

. WKD : Rice Reis, meshi gohan .

. WKD : Bindweed (hirugao) 　昼顔 .
Fa. Concolvulus

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古法眼出どころあはれ年の暮　
. Kohoogen dedokoro aware toshi no kure .
about a painting by Kano Motonobu Kohōgen (1476―1559）

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当帰よりあはれは塚の菫草
tooki yori aware wa tsuka no sumiregusa / sumire-gusa

more pitiful
than the parsley is this violet
by his grave mound
Tr. Gabi Greve

Written on the second day of the second lunar month, Genroku 6
元禄6年2月2日
For his disciple Kondoo Romaru 近藤呂丸 / 露丸,
who had shown him around at the mountains of Dewa (Oku no Hosomichi) and they had seen this flower together. Romaru's work was to dye the robes of the yamabushi monks of this mountain monastery. He had been to Kyoto and suddenly died on this trip in the home of Kyorai. His grave is in Kyoto.

Tooki is the name of this flower of his home region, the mountains of Dewa.

Sadder than this parsley is
A violet
At the mound.
Tr. Saito/Nelson

tooki 当帰, トウキ Angelica acutiloba

Angelica acutiloba
is a perennial herb from the family Apiaceae or Umbelliferous (carrot or parsley family). It is predominately in Japan and is used to prepare traditional Chinese medicine (kanpo 漢方).
The Japanese name, tōki has a literally meaning like “recovering good health”.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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梅が香に昔の一字あはれなり
. ume ga ka ni mukashi no ichiji aware nari .
(spring) fragrance of plum blossoms. the character for "past". pathos
for Baigan 梅丸, who had lost his son

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In the Christian Bible, the words "Kyrie eleison"
are translated as

　shu yo, aware mi tamae 主よ憐れみ給え
哀れみ

Herr, Erbarme Dich unser!

©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !

translating Basho -
even when worded poorly,
it has pathos

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『もののあはれ』と日本の美」Mono no Aware to Nihon no Bi
Art Exhibition about "mono no aware"

Exhibition at the Suntory Museum サントリー美術館
source : www.suntory.co.jp

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. WKD : Human Misery and Pity .

Mono no aware: subtleties of understanding
C.B. Liddell
. . . . . the appreciation of things in the shadow of their future absence.
. Mono no aware: subtleties of understanding - essay .

Cultural Keywords used by
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

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01/11/2014

Cultural Keywords

[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
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- Cultural Keywords used by Basho -

During his many travels around Japan, Basho came to know different places, different regional food, different legends, customs and festivals.

He also wrote about animals and plants, implying his friends or famous people from the past.

In his hokku and travel diaries he introduced many items casually, since they were usually known to his fellow poets of the Edo period.
Some of the themes he introduced are kigo.

But for readers coming from other cultures, most of these words need a special explanation before the hokku can be understood in its proper cultural environment.

Here I will try to list the most important ones,
Basho being my guide to Japanese Culture and the early Edo period.

This is the most important collection
of my Basho Archives of the WKD.

. Basho travelling / traveling in Japan .
utamakura 歌枕 place names used in Japanese poetry

Mit Basho durch die Kultur Japans reisen!

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quote
In one of his most famous theoretical statements, Basho says,
“Learn about pines from the pine, and about bamboo from the bamboo.”
Each pine exhibits pineness but is not pineness itself: each pine alludes to, or is symbolic of, the essence of pine.

Contemporary writers may find Basho’s statement confusing. To use the Western terminology of essence we see in Reichhold and many modern Western haiku commentators, even the essence of pine is not the same as the essence of being. The essence of things is not located within the thing itself. The is-ness of a thing is not to be gained through attention to the thing alone. Indeed, is-ness is not the same as the “thingness” of a thing.

Barnhill says that in his travels Basho pursued
“the wayfaring life in order to embody physically and metaphorically the fundamental character of the universe.”
He visits places “loaded” with cultural and spiritual significance and his sense of “nature” is bound up with these traditions of place. This intertwining of place and significance, the local and the transcendental, is basic to Basho’s experience. The centrality of “place names” or utamakura is basic to Basho’s outlook.
Barnhill says,
“Basho tended to write of places in nature handed down through literature,
giving cultural depth to his experience of nature.”
source : JAMIE EDGECOMBE, 2011

. learn from the pine - - - said my American haiku friends. . 　

This is a still growing list. Please come back again.
under construction
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Join with your own cultural keywords!

. Haiku - Culture Magazine - .

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