Hatsumono first things

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- First Things, New Things　初物 hatsumono -

"First things" were important to the haikai poets of the Edo period, since they carried a lot of "wabi and sabi" with their limited appearance only once in a year.

Many "First things" belong to the season of the first lunar month, now mostly the New Year.
But
There are many other New and First activities and things throughout the year.

First things often start with HATSU ...
or end in .... SOME / ZOME.
There is also .... HAJIME　for the first time

. WKD : First Things, New Things .

The first katsuo skipjack of the season was one of the most expensive delicacies in Edo.
Even Basho wrote a hokku about it.





目に青葉 山ほととぎす初かつお
me ni aoba yama hototogisu hatsu katsuo

green leaves to look at
hototogisu in the mountains
first Katsuo skipjack

Yamaguchi Sodoo 山口素堂 Sodo
(1642 - 1716)
He was a disciple of Basho

under construction
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- - - - - hatsu　初　- - - - -

千鳥立ち更け行く初夜の日枝颪
. chidori tachi fuke-yuku shoya no hieoroshi .
shoya (soya) 初夜 , lit. "first night", refers to the "double-hour of the dog" 戌の刻, now about 9 in the evening.
It can also mean the "first night" of a newly-wedded couple.



初秋や畳みながらの蚊屋の夜着
. hatsu aki ya tataminagara no kaya no yogi .
first sign of autumn.
Basho uses his folded mosquito net as a blanket.


初秋や海も青田の一みどり
. hatsu aki ya umi mo aota mo hito midori .
(autumn) autumn begins. the sea and the fields one shade of green


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- - - - - There is a proverb
hatusmono nanajuu gonichi 初物75日 / "初物七十五日"

"If you eat a "first thing",
your life will be prolonged for 75 days.


初花に命七十五年ほど
hatsu hana ni inochi nanajuu gonen hodo
hatsu hana ni / inochi shichi jū / go nen hodo

from these first blossoms
I will gain at least
seventy-five years

Written in 延宝6年, Basho age 35

Basho must be looking at some really beautiful cherry blossoms.
Or maybe he is joking about the relationship with the young ladies ?





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初真桑四つにや断たん輪に切らん
. hatsu makuwa yotsu ni ya tatan wa ni kiran .
hatsu makuwa yotsu no ya kiran wa ni kiran
(summer) first Makuwa melon. cut it in quarters? or round slices?


初時雨猿も小蓑を欲しげなり
. hatsu shigure saru mo komino o hoshige nari .
(winter) winter drizzle, monkey, straw coat. - first from Sarumino 猿蓑


初時雨初の字を我が時雨哉
. hatsu shigure hatsu no ji o waga shigure kana .
(winter) first winter drizzle. the character "first".


初霜や菊冷え初むる腰の綿
. hatsu shimo ya kiku hie somuru koshi no wata .
(autumn) chrysanthemums. first frost. cotton wrapper around my hip


初茸やまだ日数経ぬ秋の露
. hatsutake ya mada hikazu henu aki no tsuyu .
(autumn) first mushrooms. few days have passed. dew in autumn


初午に狐の剃りし頭哉
. hatsu-uma ni kitsune no sorishi atama kana .
(New Year) First Day of the Horse. a fox shaved your head
for Zekitsu 是橘



- - - - - - - - - - hatsu yuki, hatsuyuki 初雪 first snow - - - - -

初雪に兎の皮の髭作れ
. hatsu yuki ni usagi no kawa no hige tsukure .
(winter) first snow. rabbit, fur. beard


初雪や聖小僧の笈の色
. hatsuyuki ya hijiri kozoo no oi no iro .
(winter) first snow. mendicant monk. color of his backpack


初雪やいつ大仏の柱立て
. hatsu yuki ya itsu Daibutsu no hashira date .
(winter) first snow. Daibutsu temple, Nara. erect new columns


初雪や懸けかかりたる橋の上
. hatsu yuki ya kakekakaritaru hashi no ue .
(winter) first snow. on the bridge under construction - The Great Bridge of Fukagawa 深川大橋


初雪や幸ひ庵にまかりある
. hatsu yuki ya saiwai an ni makariaru .
(winter) first snow. luckily. I am in my own hut.


初雪や水仙の葉のたわむまで
. hatsuyuki ya suisen no ha no tawamu made .
(winter) first snow. enough to bend the daffodils


初桜折しも今日はよき日なり
. hatsuzakura orishi mo kyoo wa yoki hi nari .
(spring) first cherry blossom. today is a good day
at Iga Ueno　伊賀上野, temple Yakushi-Ji


蓬莱に聞かばや伊勢の初便り
. hoorai ni kikabaya Ise no hatsudayori .
hōrai ni / kikabaya Ise no / hatsu dayori
(New Year) Horai decoration and first news. I would like to hear.


鎌倉を生きて出でけん初鰹
. Kamakura o ikite ideken hatsugatsuo .
(summer) first katsuo skipjack bonito. town of Kamakura. to be alive

顔に似ぬ発句も出でよ初桜
. kao ni ninu hokku mo ideyo hatsu zakura .
(spring) first cherry blossoms, my face, Hokku

この梅に牛も初音と鳴きつべし
. kono ume ni ushi mo hatsune to nakitsu beshi .
(spring) plum blossoms. an oxen might shout his first moo


今日ばかり人も年寄れ初時雨
. kyoo bakari hito mo toshiyore hatsushigure .
(winter) first winter drizzle. just today. growing older.


めづらしや山を出羽の初茄子
. mezurashi ya yama o Dewa no hatsu nasubi .
(summer) Minden eggplants from Dewa, How special!


咲き乱す桃の中より初桜
. saki midasu momo no naka yori hatsu-zakura / hatsuzakura .
(spring) first cherry blossoms. peach blossoms everywhere.


芹焼きや裾輪の田井の初氷
. seriyaki ya susowa no ta-i no hatsu goori . seri yaki ya
(winter) first ice. dropwort (Japanese parsley). irrigation pond


初春まづ酒に梅売る匂ひかな
. shoshun mazu sake ni ume uru nioi kana .
New Year, sake and plum blossoms



旅人と我が名呼ばれん初時雨
. . . . . tabibito to waga na yobaren hatsu shigure .
(winter) first winter drizzle. traveller. my name.



柳行李片荷は涼し初真桑
. yanagigoori katani wa suzushi hatsu makuwa .
(summer) first melon. wicker box luggage. coolness


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- - - - - hajime　初め, はじめ　　- - - - -

風流の初めや奥の田植歌
. fuuryuu no hajime ya Oku no taue uta .
(summer) planting rice in the paddies, Oku, furyu-the elegant, acomplished


花を宿に始め終りや二十日ほど
. hana no yado ni hajime owari ya hatsuka hodo .
(spring) cherry blossoms. from beginning to end about 20 days


十六夜はわづかに闇の初め哉
. izayoi wa wazuka ni yami no hajime kana .
(autumn) sixteenth night moon. beginning of darkness


大津絵の筆のはじめは何仏
. Ootsu e no fude no hajime wa nani botoke .
(New Year) first use of the brush. Otsu-e paintings. Buddha image


暫時は滝に籠るや夏の初め
. shibaraku wa taki ni komoru ya ge no hajime .
(summer) waterfall. summer retreat. for some time


七夕や秋を定むる夜のはじめ　
. Tanabata ya aki o sadamuru yo no hajime .
(autumn) Tanabata star festival. now autumn has really come
at the home of Yadoo 野童 Yado in Kyoto


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- - - - - some そめ - - - - -

新藁の出初めて早き時雨哉
. shinwara no desomete hayaki shigure kana .
new straw is already coming out


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This hokku includes the character of HATSU 初,
but in the old spelling of Hase長谷, Hatsuse 初瀬, a place and temple near Nara.

うかれける人や初瀬の山桜
. ukarekeru hito ya Hatsuse no yamazakura .
ukare-keru hito ya Hatsuse no yama-zakura
(spring) mountain cherry blossoms. people wander around at Hase temple


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. WKD : First Things, New Things .


. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .


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- Hosomichi 2007 - BACKUP

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BACKUP only
December 2012

Original

. WKD : Oku no Hosomichi 2007 .



The main entry is now HERE

Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - おくのほそ道
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉　Archives of the WKD .





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walking
a long, long path -
haiku


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Oku no Hosomichi 奥の細道　... 2007



月日は百代の過客にして、行かふ年も又旅人也。
つきひははくたいのかかくにして
つきひはひゃくだいのかきゃくにして

tsukihi wa hakutai no kakaku ni shite
(tsukihi wa hyakudai no kakyaku ni shite)
yukikau toshi mo mata tabibito nari.

Days and months are the travellers of eternity.
The years that pass are also but travellers in time.



松尾芭蕉　
Basho was 46 when he started his tour on the 27 of March, 1689. (May 16 in the modern solar calendar.)
His tour took him over 2400 kilometers on foot! It took him five years to complete his report of this walk. It includes 51 hokku and is not a simple diary, but a work of literature, including fiction and philosophy.

He visited many "poetic pillows", uta makura 歌枕, famous places where poets before him had been visiting and writing poetry about.
While he was thus travelling the road of former famous poets like Saigyo, he was also travelling along his own life, even toward the future. He lived in a time when the age of 50 was considered a good time to die!
Jinsei, gojuu nen! 人生五十年！

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................................... Some general information


"All Things Must Pass" , nothing is eternal
sarvasamskara anityah in orignal Sanskrit
Shogyoo Mujoo 諸行無常 (しょぎょうむじょう) Mujo

. Barnhill : the concept of MUJŌ .
impermanence


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"permanence and change",
synthesis between tradition and innovation
Fueki Ryuukoo 不易流行（ふえきりゅうこう）

QUOTE:

fuga no makoto is a result or product of the dynamism of two colliding forces: fueki ryuko, which is another important teaching of Basho.
Fueki simply means "no change" and refers to values of a permanent and enduring nature.

Ryuko, on the other hand, means "changing fashions of the time" and refers to newness, innovation, originality or unconventional values that would break with old ways in a revolutionary manner.

For instance, Beethoven created new and innovative music, ushering in a new age and setting a new trend. However, he did not do so without first having been steeped in classical music of an old tradition. Thus he had fueki ryuko and left legacy of permanent value.
None of us is Beethoven, but all of us can become a little Beethoven! Fueki ryuko is an abbreviation of senzai-fueki ichiji-ryuko (eternal no-change and temporary fashion).

When fueki and ryuko collide and interact in a dynamic explosion of creative haiku writing, the result could be like a newly born baby taking after both parents but different from both. And there is a single ultimate value that lies beyond fueki ryuko, and that is nothing but fuga no makoto.

Susumu Takiguchi, WHR 2005

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Basho edited the haiku presented in "Oku no Hosomichi" according to the rules of RENKU, including moon, cherry blossoms and two about love.
　©　Etsuko Yanagibori

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A first ku (hokku) that can stand alone, usually with a mention of a special area, an independent hokku, is called
jihokku 地発句（じほっく）

The last ku of a linked verse is "ageku　挙句", and there is a popular Japanese proverb, ageku no hate 挙句の果て, at the last ku, meaning "at last".

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The walk starts in Edo.


行く春や鳥啼き魚の目は泪
yuku haru ya tori naki uo no me wa namida

spring is leaving ..
birds sing and the eyes of fish
are full of tears

Basho at Senju 千住
in 1689, taking final leave from his friends.

. Yuku haru - spring is ending .


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江東区芭蕉記念館
KOTO CITY BASHO MUSEUM


Basho-An Homepage
臨川寺 Temple Rinsen-Ji


Nikko Kaido 日光街道
– Ancient Highway from Edo to Nikko

. Urami no Taki 裏見の滝 - 裏見の瀧 Waterfall .
and the summer retreat - ge 夏（げ）



Kurobane, Temple Joho-Ji, Friend Joboji
浄法寺桃雪邸跡


Basho Road at Kurobane, Basho no Michi, 芭蕉の道



Temple Daio-Ji, Kurobane, 黒羽町の大雄寺 Daioo-Ji

Temple Ungan-Ji 雲巌寺



"Murder Stone" 殺生石 Sesshoseki, a volcanic landscape



Willow Tree in memory of priest Yugyo (Ippen Shonin)

. WKD : 遊行柳 (ゆぎょうやなぎ ) Yugyoyanagi .
One of the famous "utamakura" places of Basho's travel. The tree has been re-planted many times over the years, but the atmosphere is still very much that of the Edo period.


Near Nikko is Mt. Dantai and a group of Jizo stones, called

O-Bake Jizoo 化け地蔵 the monstrous Jizo statues
Every time you count them, you get a different number.
Quite possibly Basho has tried to count them too !


含満ガ淵


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Shirakawa, "White River",
from here the Road to the North finally starts.


Shirakawa no Seki 白河の関 Border Station of Shirakawa

sangatsu ni seki no ashigaru oki-kaete
haiku by Kido (Kidoo 木導)



Oshu Kaido (Oushu Kaido) 奥州街道（おうしゅうかいどう）
– Ancient Highway from Nikko via Shirakawa to Sendai



Sakai no Myojin Shrine 境の明神(福島)

Two shrines at the border to the Northern Territories. One on each side of the frontier line. On the inner side a shrine for the female deity (Tamatsushima Myojin 玉津島) to protect the interior. On the outer side a shrine for a male deity (Sumiyoshi Myojin 住吉) to protect from enemies of the outside.　Travellers in the Edo period used to pray here for a safe trip and gave thanks after a trip was finished.

The local daimyo Matsudaira Sadanobu had a stone memorial built in memory of this frontier gate about 100 years after Basho passed the area.




白河小峰城, Shirakawa Komine Castle
Matsudaira Sadanobu was Lord of this castle. Lord Matsudaira (1759 - 1829) was well liked and did a lot for his people. He built the first park for commoners in Japan, the famous South Lake Park, Nanko Koen (Nankoo Kooen) 南湖公園 .



Sogi modoshi 宗祇戻しThe place where Sogi returned his steps

The famous poet Io Sogi (Soogi, Sougi 飯尾宗祇　いいおそうぎ) on his way to a poetry meeting for linked verse in Northern Japan met a poor girl here selling cotton. When he started talking to her, she answered him with a perfect waka verse. He felt quite ashamed at this and went back to Kyoto without attending the poetry meeting.

The waka
「阿武隈の川瀬にすめる鮎にこそ　うるかといえる　わたはありけれ」
Abuka no Kawa




Station 12 : Sukagawa and Asakayama : 安積山 In Memory of a Waka


The waka
安積香山影さへ見ゆる山の井の浅き心をわが思はなくに

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On his way

Waterfall Otsuji-ga-taki



Temple, Ioji (a temple visited by Basho) 医王寺 (Ioo-Ji)


at Station 11, Sukagawa
Memorial Stone, Mojizuri Ishi 文知摺石
English Explanation


Dresses made of paper, kamiko 紙子,紙衣

Paper clothing was used by poor peasants to keep warm in winter. Basho might have used one of these warm robes from Shiroishi.

GOOGLE : 白石　和紙　

In Osaka Kabuki, the main actor wears a robe made of paper, kamiko 紙衣. This does not flow naturally around the body and the actor has to make extra efforts to show a natural pose.

Kabuki and Haiku

GOOGLE : kamiko paper japan kimono

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Matsushima




松島やああ松島や松島や
Matsushima ya aa Matsushima ya Matushima ya

Matsushima!
Aaah! Matsushima!
Matsushima!

The real author of this haiku was ?????


Matsushima is one of the three most beautiful secnic areas of Japan.





. SENDAI
Iris Haiku

あやめ草足に結ん草鞋の緒
ayamegusa ashi ni musuban waraji no o



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Hiraizumi 平泉




夏草や兵どもが夢の跡
natsu-kusa ya tsuwamono domo ga yume no ato

summer grass!
only a trace of dreams
of ancient warriors

　Warriours, Samurai and Haiku

Basho followed in the footsteps of the tragic fate of the warrious Yoshitsune and Benkei (chinkon no nen 鎮魂の念) with this visit. He might also have used the travel to explore and find the depth and tragedy of his own being.

鎮魂の念


Takadachi 「高館(たかだち) at Hiraizumi was a castle that Fujiwara Hidehira had built for Minamoto Yoshitune.
Discussion of Takadachi and Tsuwamono
Haiku Translation Group


The "Shining Hall" is the golden mausoleum of three generations of the Fujiwara Clan. The rain of the rainy season has fallen on it for more than 500 years when Basho visited.

五月雨の降りのこしてや光堂
samidare no furi nokoshite Hikari Doo

unchanged by the rain
of many rainy seasons -
the Golden Hall

More photos from Hiraizumi.

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kenkon no hen 乾坤の変
(the changing of heaven and earth)

The changing of heaven and earth is the heart of the nature spirit in haiku. Catch the changing of nature and you have what you need to write true haiku.

also discussed:
Haikai no makoto 俳諧の誠 (sincerity of haiku)
Koogo kizoku 高悟帰俗 (spiritual sense)
Kusa no Hana Haiku Group

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Natagiri Pass and Obanazawa 山刀伐峠 　

Entering into Dewa, Dewagoe 出羽超え.

The walk over the steep pass takes more than 3 hours. Basho hired a young guide to make sure he would not loose his way. From the top of the pass you can see Mount Gassan in the background.
After the dangerous crossing, Basho stayed with the rich merchant Seifu (Suzuki Michiyu), who had made his fortune with
Safflower, saffron flower (benibana, beni no hana) .



芭蕉 山刀伐峠越の図 高嶋祥光

Farmers wear a specially shaped straw hat, called "natagiri なたぎり(photo) , in the shape of this pass.


Ginzan Hot Spring, Ginzan Onsen 銀山温泉


This is one of the few hot springs near a silver mine. The workers used to go there and heal their wounds or just rest and relax after the hard work in the mines.

Basho might have stayed there to rest after crossing the pass, before walking on to Obanazawa.



Tendo (Tendoo) 天童
now famous for its Shogi 天童将棋.


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River Mogamigawa, Mount Gassan

The Three Mountains of Dewa used to be part of a famous pilgrimage, representing LIFE (Haguro), DEATH (Gassan) and NEW BIRTH (at Yudono).



"As I sat reflecting thus upon a rock, I saw in front of me a cherry tree hardly three feet tall just beginning to blossom - far behind the season of course, but victorious against the heavy weight of snow which it had resisted for more than half a year.
I immediatley thought of the famous Chinese poem about 'the plum tree fragrant in the blazing heat of summer' and of an equally pathetic poem by the priest Gyoson, and felt even more attached to the cherry tree in front of me. "
Station 30 - Gassan

At Mt. Gassan, Basho saw the Mountaintop Cherry blossoms, minezakura 嶺桜.
They flower much later than the ones down in the valley. That is why on Mt. Gassan you can experience the three ingredients of Japanese ascetics, Snow, Moon and Cherry blossoms, (Setsugetsuka, Setsugekka 雪月花) at the same time.
SETSUGEKKA, Japanese Art and the Japanese View of Nature
by Isamu Kurita, MOA

Basho went on to Mt. Yudono, where it is forbidden to talk about your experiences there. I visited there many years ago.
Dewa Sanzan; 'Three sacred mountains of Dewa'
Gabi Greve

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Some thoughts from Etsuko Yanagibori

Basho made a greeting ku for the ascetic Egaku at Haguro San

arigataya yuki o kaorasu kaze no oto

thanks
for the wind
with the smell of snow

He changed this later and this is the official haiku now.

arigataya yuki o kaorasu minamidani

Thanks
for Minamidani
smell of snow

The original haiku has a kigo for summer, kaze kaoru. Basho visited the temple in early summer, June 4th.

Yudono is a very sacred plate for the Godess of Dewa.
We can read a romantic interpretation from this haiku

語られぬ湯殿にぬらす袂かな
katararenu Yudono ni nurasu tamoto kana

no speaking
in the place of Yudono-den
wet my cuff

When people enter the place of the goddess to pray the god, they put off their
shoes and walk around the rock of the gods without talking.

the hidden haiku reading ...

no talking
in the bathroom with you
only my cuff a little wet

. . . . .


So holy a place
The snow itself is scented
At southern Valley.


How cool it is here.
A crescent moon faintly hovers
Over Mount Haguro.


kumo no mine ikutsu kuzurete tsuki no yama

The peaks of clouds
Have crumbled into fragments
The moonlit mountain


I cannot speak of
Yudono, but see how wet
My sleeve is with tears.
Tr. Donald Keene

source : Haguro Brochure

"tsuki no yama" this is also the name of the mountain itself
Gassan　月山.

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Tsuruoka and Kisakata 鶴岡　と　象潟
(Kisagata)


Yamagata, Tsuruoka Basho Memorial




Akita, Kisagata


SAKATA

Minden Nasu / Eggplants

mezurashi ya yama o Dewa no hatsu nasubi

Welche Überraschung!
aus den Heiligen Bergen von Dewa kommend
hier die ersten Augerginen



象潟や料理何くふ神祭
Kisakata ya ryoori nani kuu kami matsuri

Oh now Kisakata !
What special food do they eat
at the shrine festival?

Kisakata an einem Festtag!
Was es hier wohl für
Spezialitäten gibt?

Sora 曾良

. Sora, Kawai Sora 河合曾良 . (1649 - 1710)
Basho's companion on the way.


Kisakata is a superb place to take a leisurely countryside walk.
Kanmanji is surrounded by a sacred grove of old-growth laurel trees (tabunoki たぶのき【椨】 Persea thunbergii or Machilus thunbergii).
MORE : Basho in Kisakata



Yamagata, Yamadera 山寺立石寺

閑かさや岩にしみ入る蝉の声
shizukasa ya iwa ni shimiiru semi no koe

oh in this quietude
seeping into the rock
the voices of cicadas




. YAMAGATA - On the path of poets .

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Izumosaki, Oyashirazu, Ichiburi .. Kanazawa

Izumo saki, Izumozaki 出雲崎　is the birthtown of priest Ryokan.
Ryokan memorial day and Haiku


荒海や 佐渡によこたふ 天河
araumi ya Sado ni yokotau ama no kawa

O'er wild ocean spray,
All the way to Sado Isle
Spreads the Milky Way

Tr. Dorothy Britton


Sado Province, Sado Island, Japan

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Ariso Umi 有磯海 Arisoumi
. . . wase no ka ya wakeiru migi wa Arisoumi


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The difficult part of this journey, Oyashirazu 親不知　 (not minding your parents) and Koshirazu (not minding your children) , refers to an area along the coast between Niigata and Ichiburi where the mountains are right to the sea shore with their sheer cliffs. The waves drone against the base of the cliffs and the only way to get past this is to wait for the moment when the waves receede and then run for your life !



The grand old tree at Ichiburi

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Kurikara Pass 倶利伽羅峠

Kurikara means 'black dragon' in Sanskrit.
The temple Kurikara Fudo-son is located near Kurikara Pass, a place famous for the battle between the Heike Clan and Saso Yoshinaka during the 2nd year of the Eiju period (1183). The statue of Fudo Myo-O is said to be carved by Kobo Daishi.

CLICK for some photos here !


My Details are here
Kurikara, the Sword of Fudo Myo-o


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Komatsu ...... Natadera ..... Daishoji ..... Maruoka ..... Fukui


多太神社
Shrine Tada Jinja in Komatsu


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Tsuruga 敦賀 , Ogaki 大垣


Basho Memorial at Tsuruga




月いづく鐘は沈める海の底
tsuki izuku kane wa shizumeru umi no soko

. The mystery background story
of the bell at the bottom of the sea 　
(This haiku is not included in the Travelogue by Basho.)
Visit to the Shrine Kehi Jingu　気比神宮 with a haiku about the moon.



Oogaki
CLICK for some photos

Basho's travel with the wind (kaze no tabi) ends here in 1689.



Sora, who had left Basho earlier on the trip, had hurried to Ogaki to gather many haiku friends to celebrate the goal of the travels of Master Basho and make this a memorable ending of the long tour.



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The last haiku, written at Ogaki

蛤のふたみにわかれ行く秋ぞ
hamaguri no futami ni wakarete yuku aki zo

(like) a clamshell
divided in two we depart now
into this autumn . . .

. discussing : futami　二身 - 蓋身 two bodies .


. . . . .


At the end of the journey

Ukimido, 浮御堂 the Floating Hall and
Basho's Grave at Temple Gichu-Ji 義仲寺


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"The Narrow Road to the Deep North"
PDF-File
Translations by Haider A. Kahn and Tadashi Kondo



Reference : Oku no Hosomichi. Nobuyuki Yuasa



Beckoned by the cloud-scattering winds and Dōsojin, the male-female guardian god of the road, longing to see the moon rising over Matsushima, Matsuo Bashō (1644-1694) left Edo for Oku at the end of spring in the second year of Genroku (1689).

Roads of Oku: Travels in Japan
Reference : Utamakura: Storied Places
Dennis Kawaharada, 2011
(very extensive resource)


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Translation by Tim Chilcott
a PDF file.



Travels along the path of Matsuo Basho, Japan’s 17th-century haiku master, help bring his words to life.
On the Trail of a Ghost
©　National Geographic, Howard Norman, January 2008




Haiku by Matsuo, Basho, from "Narrow Road to Oku".
Dr. Donald Keene has generously given to me his permission to use his translation of the Basho's haiku.
I will be showing my haiga of all the haiku in "Narrow Road to Oku"
KUNI from Nara
source : seehaikuhere.blogspot.com


Walking with Basho in Japanese

「ゆるぱそ」ブログ　

Bashomichi
http://bashomichi.com/

Meishochi 名蕉地 100 famous spots walking with Basho
http://bashomichi.com/meisyouchi100/tokyo/


Morimura Seiichi sensei 森村 誠一
芭蕉道への旅
http://bashomichi.com/tabi/morimuraseiichi/

http://www.bs-j.co.jp/okunohosomichi/


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Stamps about "Oku no Hosomichi"

Click the image for more !


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Related words


Chen-ou Liu about
. The Narrow Road to the Interior .



***** Basho Memorial Day (Basho-Ki)

***** Matsuo Basho　松尾芭蕉 (1644 - 1694)


***** NHK and Haiku


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. Michinoku, Mutsu 陸奥 region in Tohoku .


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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]

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hototogisu little cuckoo

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- hototogisu 郭公 / ほととぎす -

This is one of the classical season words, used in the poetry of the Heian period.
Basho sometimes uses the word and adds a new twist, closer to the normal life of the normal people of his Edo.

hototogisu can be written with many Chinese characters:
ほととぎす【時鳥／子規／杜鵑／不如帰／郭公】

Basho uses the Chinese characters 郭公, which was common during the Heian period.
But now is often pronounced kakkoo, Japanese cuckoo, which is a different bird, Cuculus canorus.


. WKD : hototogisu ホトトギス, 時鳥 .
Little Cuckoo, Cuculus poliocephalis


Sometimes, even the bush warbler (uguisu　鶯) and the little cuckoo (hototogisu) get mixed up.






under construction
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曙はまだ紫にほととぎす
akebono wa / mada murasaki ni / hototogisu


冬牡丹千鳥よ雪のほととぎす
fuyu botan / chidori yo yuki no / hototogisu


ほととぎす今は俳諧師なき世哉
. hototogisu ima wa haikaishi naki yo kana .
(summer) little cuckoo. now a world without haikai masters


時鳥鰹を染めにけりけらし
. hototogisu katsuo o some ni keri kerashi .
(summer) little cuckoo. skipjack sashimi


ほととぎす消え行く方や島一つ
. hototogisu kieyuku kata ya shima hitotsu .
(summer) little cuckoo. it disappears. a single island

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郭公声横たふや水の上
hototogisu koe yokotau ya mizu no ue

cuckoo:
its call stretching out
across the water
Tr. Barnhill


sound of a cuckoo
whose cry now is stretching out
across the water
Tr. Chilcott


hototogisu––
the shriek lies stretched
across the water
Tr. Ueda

The cut marker YA is at the end of line 2.

Written in summer 1693 　 元禄六年四月二十九日.
Basho had gotten the news that his nephew and adopted son Toin had died. Basho was very shocked and vowed not to write about the hototogisu any more. His friends Sunpu and Sora tried to help him overcome his sorrow
愁情なぐさめばやと、杉風、曽良、水辺之ほとゝぎすとて、更ニすゝむるにまかせて


Basho also wrote

一声の江に横たふやほとゝぎす
hito-koe no e ni yokotau ya hototogisu

a single call
comes across the inlet -
hototogisu
Tr. Gabi Greve

Basho was referring to a poem by Su Dongpo, Su Dungpo 蘇東坡 (So Toba そ とうば)

白露江ニ横タハリ / 白露江に横たはる

“The gleaming water extends to heaven,
and the white mist lies stretched across the water.”

“White mist lay across the water;
the light from the water reached the sky. .”
source :　afe.easia.columbia.edu/song


quote
..... which strongly suggests that the lingering sound of the hototogisu echoes the vanishing spirit of the dead youth.
Shirane, Traces of Dreams


. Matsuo Basho - His nephew Tooin 桃印　Toin, To-In - .
(?1661 - 1693)

doobutsu no koe 動物の声　- a difficult expression to translate:
The voices of animals used by Basho -
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .


- Japanese Reference -

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郭公招くか麦のむら尾花
hototogisu / maneku ka mugi no / mura obana

時鳥正月は梅の花咲けり
hototogisu / matsuki wa ume no / hana sakeri


ほととぎす鳴く鳴く飛ぶぞ忙はし
hototogisu / naku naku tobu zo / isogawashi
so busy!


杜鵑鳴く音や古き硯箱
. hototogisu naku ne ya furuki suzuri-bako / suzuribako .
(summer) little cuckoo. old inkstone box

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ほととぎす鳴くや五尺の菖草
hototogisu naku ya go shaku no ayamegusa

hototogisu
cries –– a blade of iris
five feet tall
Tr. Ueda


the Hototogisu
is calling - some iris
of five Shaku hight
Tr. Gabi Greve



This hokku is a version of a poem from the Kokin Shu 古今集 collection, by an unknown author.

ほととぎす鳴くや五月のあやめぐさ あやめも知らぬ恋もするかな
hototogisu naku ya gogatsu no ayamegusa ayame mo shiranu koi mo suru kana

Basho has only changed the gogatsu to goshaku.

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ほととぎす大竹薮を漏る月夜
. hototogisu ootakeyabu o moru tsukiyo .
(summer) little cuckoo. bamboo, moon night



ほととぎす裏見の滝の裏表
. hototogisu Urami no Taki no ura omote .
(summer) little cuckoo. Urami no Taki waterfall (Nikko). back and front



烏賊売の声まぎらはし杜宇
. ika uri no koe magirawashi hototogisu .
(summer) squid vendor. hardly distinguishable. hototogisu. his voice


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source :　itoyo/basho


清く聞かん耳に香焼いて郭公
kiyoku kikan mimi ni koo taite hototogisu

the clear sound
of burning incense near the ear
hototogisu

天和3年, Basho age 40
koo o kiku, to "listen to incense" had become fashionable in the Genroku period.


The Way of Incense 香道　
As in the analogous tea ceremony, various instruments (many of them made of gold or silver) were called for. Diverse formalities were developed and a proper name for the activity was created: kodo.
Eventually even the act of smelling became too common.
Instead one "listened" to incense. (koo o kiku 香を聞く)
. WKD : Incense, O-Koo　お香 .


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木隠れて茶摘みも聞くやほととぎす
. kogakurete chatsumi mo kiku ya hototogisu .
(spring) picking tea leaves. to hear. hototogisu


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京にても京なつかしやほととぎす
. Kyoo ni te mo Kyoo natsukashi ya hototogisu .
Kyoo nite mo
(summer) little cuckoo, longing for Kyoto



待たぬのに菜売りに来たか時鳥
matanu no ni / na uri ni kita ka / hototogisu
vendor of leaves for food


野を横に馬牽きむけよほととぎす
. no o yoko ni uma hikimuke yo hototogisu .
(summer) little cuckoo, horse


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落ち来るや高久の宿の郭公
ochikuru ya Takaku no shuku no hototogisu

falling from high above -
at a Takaku lodging,
cuckoo
Tr. Barnhill

Oku no Hosomichi, Station 6 - Nasu　那須


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しばし間も待つやほととぎす千年
shibashi ma mo matsu ya hototogi su sennen
shibashi ma mo matsu ya hototogisu sennen

I wait only for a short while
for the hototogisu - it feels
like some thousand years

This is an allusion to the Chinese poet Li Po (701-762)

白髪三千丈

My white hair is three thousand joo 丈 long.
The waterfall falls down three thousand feet.

(One 丈 is about 3 meters).


Written in 1666 寛文7年, Basho age 24.
This poem has a particular meter, with the cut marker YA in the middle of line 2 and the structure 5 8 4, if HOTOTOGISU is seen as one word.

matsu, to wait, is also a pun with the auspicious 1000 year old pine, sennen no matsu 千年の松.
quite a few places, temples and shrines, have such a long-living pine.
hototogi susennen, ほととぎ 数千年 the bird - a few thousand years suu sennenn 数千年.
Basho is still experimenting with the hokku form.

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須磨の海士の矢先に鳴くか郭公
. Suma no ama yasaki ni naku ka hototogisu .
(summer) little cuckoo. fisherman as Suma


田や麦や中にも夏のほととぎす
. ta ya mugi ya naka ni mo natsu no hototogisu .
(summer) hototogisu in summer. fields. barley.


橘やいつの野中の郭公
tachibana ya / itsu no nonaka no / hototogisu


戸の口に宿札名乗れほととぎす
. to no kuchi ni yadofuda nanore hototogisu .
at the front entrance, hand out your visitor sign (yado fuda 宿札)


鳥刺も竿や捨てけんほととぎす
torisashi mo / kasa ya suteken / hototogisu



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. WKD : hototogisu ホトトギス, 時鳥 .
Little Cuckoo, Cuculus poliocephalis


. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .


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KK KK

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- KK KK -



. Kinenkan 記念館 Museums in honor of Basho .


. kanjaku 閑寂 - the melting of solitude and tranquility .

- - - - - . kigo　季語 seasonal topics and words used by Basho . - - - - -



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- - - - - . - ka 香 fragrance - . - - - - -


. kabitan mo tsukubawase keri kimi ga haru .
kapitan mo tsukubawase keri kimi ga haru
(spring) Kapitein - Captain (Dutch Delegation from Nagasaki). to kneel.



- - - - - . kabuto 甲 / 兜 / 冑 helmet of a samurai *. - - - - -



. kachi naraba Tsuetsuki-zaka o rakuba kana .
(no season word). if I had walked. the slope Tsuetsukizaka. I fell from my horse



- - - - - . kadomatsu 門松　pines at the gate / matsukazari 松飾り * . - - - - -

. kadomatsu ya omoeba hitoyo sanjuunen .
(New Year) pines at the gate, one night. 30 years



- - - - -. kagami 鏡 mirror * . - - - - -




. kagemachi, kage machi 影待ち waiting for sunrise *.

. kagemachi ya kiku no ka no suru toofugushi .
(autumn) chrysanthemum. Tofu bean curd on sticks
- and
irozuku ya toofu ni ochite usumomiji




. kageroo no waga kata ni tatsu kamiko kana .
(spring) heat shimmers. my shoulder. paper robe

. kageroo ya saiko no ito no usugumori .
(spring) heat shimmers. saiko plant threads. thin haze.
(more kageroo hokku)



- - - - -


. - Kanda Joosui 神田上水 Kanda Josui Waterworks and 関口芭蕉庵 Sekiguchi Basho-An - .


- - - - -

The Hanging Bridge at Kiso 木曽の架け橋　/ 木曽のかけはし　Kiso no Kakehashi *

. kakehashi ya inochi o karamu tsuta katsura .
(autumn) tsuta and katsura vines. plank bridge. to be coiled
- - - - - and
kakehashi ya mazu omoi-izu uma mukae
(autumn) picking up the horses. hanging bridge. first thing to remember

- - - - -



. kakitsubata kataru mo tabi no hitotsu kana .
(summer) blue flag iris Iris laevigata. to talk about. Travelling


. kakitsubata ware ni hokku no omoi ari .
(summer) blue flag iris, myself, Hokku

- - - - -


. kaki yori wa nori o ba oi no uri mo sede .
(spring) nori seaweed. oysters. to sell. old age


. kakurega ya tsuki to kiku to ni ta san tan .
(autumn) moon. chrysanthemums. hermitage. three tan of rice paddies


. kakusanu zo yado wa najiru ni toogarashi .
(autumn) red pepper. do not hide. home. leafy vegetable soup



. Kamakura o ikite ideken hatsugatsuo .
(summer) first katsuo skipjack bonito. town of Kamakura. to be alive


. kame waruru yoru no koori no mezame kana .
(winter) ice. water jar. breaking. I wake up




- - - - - . - kami 神 Shinto deities, the Japanese Gods - ### . - - - - -

. kamigaki ya omoi mo kakezu Nehanzoo .
(spring) Nirvana ceremony. fence of a shrine. surprize

- - - - -



. kami haete yoogan aoshi satsuki ame .
(summer) samidare rain. my hair has grown. my face is pale



. kanashiman ya Bokushi seriyaki o mite mo nao .
(spring) dropwort, Japanese parcely. Chinese poet Bokushi 墨子 Mozi, Mo-tsu, Ma-Tzu


. kanbutsu no hi ni umare-au ka no ko kana .
(spring) Kanbutsu celebrations, Buddha's birthday. baby deer is born



- - - - - . - kane 鐘 bell, temple bell - . * - - - - -

. kane kiete hana no ka wa tsuku yuube kana .
(spring) cherry blossoms, fragrance. temple bell. evening

. kane tsukanu sato wa nani o ka haru no kure .
(spring) dusk in sprign. temple bell ringing. village

- - - - -




ka ni nioe uni horu oka no ume no hana
香に匂へうに掘る岡の梅の花




- - - - - . Kannon Bosatsu 観音菩薩 and Asakusa Kannon 浅草観音 Temple . * - - - - -

. Kannon no iraka miyaritsu hana no kumo .
(spring) cherry blossoms. Asakusa Kannon Temple. tiled roof




. ka o nokosu ranchoo ran no yadori kana .
(summer) orchid. remaining fragrance in the room curtain. for 悦堂 Etsudo



. ka o saguru ume ni kura miru nokiba kana .
(spring) fragrance of plum blossoms. I look up to the warehouse eaves



- - - - - . kao　顔 my face, faces ### . - - - - -
. kao ni ninu hokku mo ideyo hatsu zakura .
(spring) first cherry blossoms, my face, Hokku




. kapitan mo tsukubawase keri kimi ga haru .
(spring) Dutch Kapitein - Captain. to kneel. Shogun / 甲比丹 / 甲必丹 / 加比旦
*



- - - - - . karahafu, kara hafu 唐破風 Chinese cusped gable . * - - - - -



. karakasa ni oshiwake mitaru yanagi kana .
(spring) willow tree. with my umbrella I part the branches




- - - - - . karasu 烏 crow, crows . - - - - -

. kare eda ni karasu no tomari keri aki no kure .
(autumn) dusk, branch, crow

- - - - -


. karahafu no irihi ya usuki yuu suzumi .
(summer) evening coolness. Chinese gable. sunset. (kara hafu)


- - - - - . karakoromo, karagoromo, kara koromo から衣 / 唐衣 / 空衣 　robes from China . * - - - - -



. Karasaki no matsu wa hana yori oboro nite .
(spring) hazy cherry blossoms, pines of Karasaki 辛崎


. karazake mo Kuuya no yase mo kan no uchi .
(winter) in the cold. dried salmon. Saint Kuya 空也


. kareshiba ya yaya kageroo no ichi ni sun .
(spring) heat shimmers, (winter) withered lawn) one two


. kari ato ya wase katakata no shigi no koe .
(autumn) after the harvest. the call of a snipe. (at 法蔵寺 Temple Hozo-Ji )



- - - - - . - kari 雁 goose geese - . - - - - -

. kari kiki ni miyako no aki ni omomukan .
(autumn) geese. to listen to the geese. autumn in Kyoto. I will set out

. kari sawagu Toba no tazura ya kan no ame .
(autumn) geese. rice fields of Toba. cold rain

- - - - -



. kari ato ya wase katakata no shigi no koe .
(autumn) after the harvest and snipe. katakata



. karikakeshi tazura no tsuru ya sato no aki .
(autumn) autumn in the village. half-harvested paddies. a crane


. karite nen kakashi no sode ya yowa no shimo .
(winter) frost at midnight. I want to borrow the sleeve of a scarecrow



- - - - - . karo toosen 夏炉冬扇 to be useless - like a stove in summer, a handfan in winter . * - - - - -


- - - - - . karumi かるみ【軽み】 lightness - . - - - - -





- - - - - . - kasa 笠　his traveller's hat - ### . - - - - -

. kasa mo naki ware o shigururu ka ko wa nanto .
(winter) sleet. I have no rain hat. well, well!

- - - - -



. Kasa-dera ya moranu iwaya mo haru no ame .
(spring) rain in spring. temple Kasadera. grotto


. - Kasane to wa かさねとは A girl named Kasane - .


. - Kashima Kikoo 鹿島紀行 - A Visit to the Kashima Shrine - .



. kashi no ki no hana ni kamawanu sugata kana .
(spring) cherry blossoms. the Kashi oka does not care. (for 三井秋風 Mitsui Shufu)



- - - - - . katabira 帷子 light linen dress . * - - - - -



. katararenu Yudono ni nurasu tamoto kana .
wet sleeve, at Yudono, Dewa. I can not talk about it.

. katatsuburi tsuno furiwake yo Suma Akashi .
(summer) snail. waving its horns. Suma, Akashi (both in Hyogo prefecture)




. katsuo uri 鰹売 vendor of skipjack, bonito fish monger * .

. katsuo uri ikanaru hito o yowasuran .
(summer) first skipjack katsuo. vendor, fish monger. charming people





. kawakaze ya usugaki kitaru yuusuzumi .
(summer) coolness. river wind. robes of persimmon color



- - - - - . kawara 瓦　roof tiles - いらか iraka roof tiles . - - - - -



. kawauso no matsuri mite koyo Seta no oku . kawa uso *
(winter) otter festival. let's go to the upper region of river Setagawa



- - - - - . kazarinawa, kazari nawa 飾縄 rope decoration for New Year * . - - - - -



- - - - -. kaze　風　wind . - - - - -

. kazairo ya shidoro ni ueshi niwa no aki .
(autumn) autumn in the garden. color of the wind

. kaze kaoru haori wa eri mo tsukurohazu .
(summer) fragrant wind. haori coat and neckband with patches

. kaze no ka mo minami ni chikashi Mogamigawa .
(summer) wind from the south. fragrance of the wind. river Mogamigawa


- - - - - . kaze no oto 風の音 the sound of wind - . - - - - -




. kazuki fusu futon ya samuki yo ya sugoki .
(winter) cold. futon bedding. to lie down. dreadful night


. kazu naranu mi to na omoi so tama matsuri .
(autumn) bon festival. do not think you did not count.
for his dead wife Jutei-Ni 寿貞尼 Juteini



- - - - - . keitoo 鶏頭 cockscomb . - - - - -

. keitoo ya kari no kuru toki nao akashi .
(autumn) geese. cockscomb becomes even more red


.............................................................................



. kesa chirishi Kaii no ochiba ya Tago no Ura .
(winter) fallen leaves) at Tago no Ura bay 田子の浦

. kesa no yuki nebuka o sono no shiori kana .
(winter) snow this morning, leek

. . . . .


- - - - - . keshizumi 消炭 (けしずみ) ash to extinguishing the fire / sumi 炭 ash . * - - - - -

. keshi-zumi ni maki waru oto ka Ono no oku .
(winter) charcoal from Ono. the sound of splitting firewood





- - - - - . kigo　季語 kidai　季題　season words used by Basho . - - - - -



- - - - - . - kiku 菊　chrysanthemum - . - - - - -
. . . . . kunichi 九日 Chrysanthemum Festival Day

. kangiku ya amazake tsukuru mado no saki .
(winter) winter chrysanthemum. sweet sake. window

. kangiku ya ko nuka no kakaru usu no hata .
(winter) winter chrysanthemum. rice bran beside the hand-mill

. kiku keitoo kiri tsukushi keri Omeikoo .
(autumn) chrysanthemum. for Saint Nichiren Memorial 御命講

. kiku ni dete Nara to Naniwa wa yoizukiyo .
(autumn) chrysanthemums. Nara and Naniwa. a crescent moon at night

. kiku no ato daikon no hoka sara ni nashi .
(autumn) chrysanthemum. radish. nothing else

. kiku no hana saku ya ishiya no ishi no ai.
(autumn) chrysanthemum, stone, stonemason

. kiku no ka ya Nara ni wa furuki hotoketachi .
(autumn) chrysanthemum. the old capital of NARA. old Buddha statues
-- and
kiku no ka ya Nara wa ikuyo no otokoburi

. kiku no ka ya niwa ni kiretaru kutsu no soko .
(autumn) chrysanthemum. fragrance, garden. sandal

. kiku no tsuyu ochite hiroe ba nukago kana .
(autumn) chrysanthemum. dew. propagule (mukago, nukago 零余子 )


. . . . .


. kimi hi o take yoki mono misen yukimaruge . 雪まるげ
(winter) snowman. you make a fire. I show you something nice (for Sora)


. kimi ya cho ware ya Sooji ga yumegokoro .
(spring) butterfly. You are. I am Chuang-tzu.


. kinbyoo no matsu no furusa yo fuyugomori .
(winter) winter seclusion. golden folding screen. old pine


. ki no moto ni shiru mo namasu mo sakura kana .
(spring) cherry blossoms. under trees. soup. fish salad


- - - - - . kinuta 砧 fulling block * . - - - - -

. kinuta uchite ware ni kikase yo ya boo ga tsuma .
(autumn) fulling block. to let me hear. wife of the priest




- - - - - . kire and kireji 切れ　－　切字　cut and cut markers . - - - - -



. kiri no ki ni uzura naku naru hei no uchi .
(autumn) quail is calling. paulownia tree. inside the garden wall



. kirigirisu wasurene ni naku kotatsu kana .
(winter) kotatsu heater, brazier. chrickets chirping.


. kiri shigure Fuji o minu hi zo omoshiroki .
(winter) Mount Fuji 富士山


. Kiso no tochi ukiyo no hito no miyage kana .
(autumn) chestnuts. souvenir from Kiso　木曽


. kite mo miyo jinbei ga haori hanagoromo .
(spring) cherry blossom viewing. come here and look! wearing a Jinbe robe (jinbei).



- - - - -. kitsuki bon 朽木盆 tray from Kitsuki town . * - - - - -



. kitsutsuki mo io wa yaburazu natsu kodachi .
(summer) woodpecker. hermitage. do not destroy. summer grove


. kiyoku kikan mimi ni koo taite hototogisu .
(summer) hototogisu. clear sound. burning incense near the ear


. Kiyotaki no mizu kumasete ya tokoroten .
(summer) Tokoroten jelly. draw water from river Kiyotaki

. kiyotaki ya nami ni chirikomu aomatsuba .
(autumn) pine needles. Kiyotaki waterfall. scattering
(a candidate for Basho's death hokku).
- - - - - kiyotaki ya nami ni chiri naki natsu no tsuki


. kochira muke ware mo sabishiki aki no kure .
(autumn) end of autumn. turn this way! I am lonely too
for his friend priest Kitamuki Unchiku 北向雲竹



. kochoo ni mo narade aki furu namushi kana .
(autumn) "leaf-worm" caterpillar. not a butterfly, autumn deepens



. kodai sasu yanagi suzushi ya ama ga tsuma .
(summer) coolness. fisherman's wife. small sea bream


- - - - - . kodomo 子供 child, children . - - - - -

. kodomora yo hiragao sakinu uri mukan .
(summer) melon. children. bindweed

. ko ni aku to moosu hito ni wa hana mo nashi .
(spring) cherry blossoms. one who says. I am tired of my children.

- - - - -


. koe ni mina nakishimaute ya semi no kara .
(summer) cicada slough, molt, skin, empty hull. it sang itself away


. koe sumite hokuto ni hibiku kinuta kana .
(autumn) fulling block. North Star. clear voice



. kogakurete chatsumi mo kiku ya hototogisu .
(spring) picking tea leaves. to hear. hototogisu





. - - - - - kogarashi 木枯らし, 木枯, 凩　－　こがらし　　winter drizzle - - - - - . 　　

. kogarashi ni iwa fukitogaru sugima kana .
kogarashi ni iwa fuki togaru sugi ma kana
(winter) rock. cedar tree

. kogarashi no mi wa Chikusai ni nitaru kana .
(winter) winter drizzle. I resemble (doctor) Chikusai


. kogarashi ya take ni kakurete shizumarinu .
(winter) winter drizzle. bamboo. to hide.

. . . . .




. ko hagi chire Masuho no ko-gai ko sakazuki .
(autumn) kohagi : small bush clover. small shells, small sake cups. Masuho


. Kohoogen dedokoro aware toshi no kure .
(winter) end of the year. where does it come from?
about a painting by Kano Motonobu Kohōgen 狩野元信 古法眼


. koke uzumu tsuta no utsutsu no nebutsu kana .
(autumn) tsuta vine. overgrown by moss. Amida prayer


. koko hotaru tagoto no tsuki to kurabeken .
(summer) fireflies. each field. moonlight, to compare



- - - - - . - kokoro こころ　－　心　 "heart", mind, soul - ### . - - - - -



- - - - - . koma 駒 - uma 馬 - Japanese horses . *
- - - - - komamukae, koma mukae 駒迎へ selecting tribute horses for court - - - - -


- - - - - . kometsuki 米搗き professional rice grain pounder . * - - - - -


. komo o kite tarebito imasu hana no haru　 .
(spring) spring in the capital. a man wearing a straw mat (komo 薦 *)


- - - - - . - Komojishi shuu 薦獅子集 Komojishi Shu Collection - ### . - - - - -



. ko ni aku to moosu hito ni wa hana mo nashi .
(spring) cherry blossoms. one who says. I am tired of my children.


. konnyaku no sashimi mo sukoshi ume no hana .
(spring) plum blossoms. raw Konnyaku food (a favorite of Basho)
- and
konnyaku ni kyoo wa urikatsu wakana kana




. kono aki wa nande toshiyoru kumo ni tori .
(autumn) . getting older. clouds. birds

. kono atari me ni miyuru mono wa mina suzushi .
(summer) coolness. everything around here is cool
- - - Juhachiro no Ki 十八楼ノ記 Tower of Eighteen - Gifu



. konoha chiru sakura wa karushi hinokigasa .
(autumn) falling leaves. cherry tree. so light. hat from cypress bark


. kono hodo o hana ni rei iu wakare kana .
(spring) cherry blossoms. how much to thank you. this departure


. kono hotaru tagoto no tsuki ni kurabemin .
(autumn) moon. reflected in each paddy. fireflies (from Seta)


. kono kokoro suiseyo hana ni goki ichigu .
(spring) cherry blossoms. this my heart you know. this begging set of bowls
for Kagami Shikoo 各務支考 Kagami Shiko


. kono matsu no mibae seshi yo ya kami no aki .
(autumn) autumn of the Gods. this pine. at Kashima Shrine 鹿島神宮 Kashima Jingu


. kono michi ya yuku hito nashi ni aki no kure .
(autumn) this road, nobody walks

. kono suji wa gin mo mishirazu fujiyuusa yo .
people do not know silver coins. how inconvenient
no kigo, non-seasonal part of the kasen Sarumino

. kono tera wa niwa ippai no bashoo kana .
(summer) banana plant. this temple. garden full of banana plants


. kono ume ni ushi mo hatsune to nakitsu beshi .
(spring) plum blossoms. an oxen might shout his first moo
for Sugawara Michizane


. kono umi ni waranji suten kasa shigure .
(winter) sleet. this sea. I throw away my straw sandals. my hat
at the home of 桐葉 Hayashi Toyo


. kono yado wa kuina mo shiranu toboso kana .
(summer) water rail. this lodging is not known. door

. kono yama no kanashisa tsuge yo tokorohori . 　
(autumn) yam potatoes. this mountain (this temple) tell us about the sad fate






. koomori mo ideyo ukiyo no hana ni tori .
(spring) cherry blossoms. bats come out


. koori nigaku enso ga nodo o uruhoseri .
(winter) ice. bitter. mole (sewer rat). just enough to drink


- - - - -
. kooshi goosu, gabushi 合子 - furugooshi 古合子 set of food bowls . * - - - - -



. kore ya yo no susu ni somaranu furu gooshi / goosu / gabushi .
(winter) cleaning soot. a set of bowls will not be colored by this world



- - - - - . koromogae 衣替え, 衣かへ 　changeing robes for summer . * - - - - -


- - - - - . koshi no wata 腰の綿, koshiwata 腰綿 "cotton wrapper around my hips" . * - - - - -


- - - - - . - kosode 小袖 short-sleeved kimono - . * - - - - -


- - - - - . kotatsu 炬燵　Kotatsu heater - okigotatsu 置炬燵　. * - - - - -



. kotobako ya furumono dana no sedo no kiku . 琴箱 *
(autumn) chrysanthemum. box for a koto 琴 zither. dealer of old, used things.


. koyoi tare Yoshino no tsuki mo juuroku ri .
(autumn) moon. tonight. Mount Yoshino. 16 Ri distance


. kozue yori ada ni ochikeri semi no kara .
(summer) cicada slough, molt, skin, empty hull. It falls from a twig


.......................................................................


- - - - - . kuchikiri, kuchi kiri kuchikiri 口切 opening a new jar of tea * . .

. kuchikiri ni Sakai no niwa zo natsukashiki .
(winter) opening a new jar of green tea. garden in Sakai. full of memories





- - - - - . kuina 水鶏 water rail. Rallus aquaticus . - - - - -

. kuina naku to hito no ieba ya Saya domari .
(summer) water rail. staying at Saya 佐屋



- - - - - . Kumasaka 熊坂長範 Kumasaka Chohan . * - - - - -
Kumasaka ga yukari ya itsu no tama matsuri
(autumn) Bon festival. Kumasaka was here




- - - - - . - kumo　雲 cloud, clouds - . - - - - -

. kumo kiri no zanji hyakkei o tsukushi keri .
(autumn) fog. clouds. a hundred scenes. (viewing Mount Fuji)

. kumo nani to ne o nan to naku aki no kaze .
(autumn) autumn wind, voice of a spider

. kumo no mine ikutsu kuzurete tsuki no yama .
(summer) billowing clouds. Mount Gassan 月山 (tsuki no yama)

. kumo o ne ni Fuji wa sugi nari no shigeri kana . .
(summer) leaves grow thick. clouds for roots. Mount Fuji. cedar

. kumo to hedatsu tomo ka ya kari no ikiwakare .
(spring) parting geese. like clouds drifting apart. separation from friends

- - - - -



. kuniguni no hakkei sara ni Kehi no tsuki .
(autumn) the moon at Kehi 気比の月, Tsuruga


- - - - - . kura 蔵 storehouse, warehouse . * - - - - -


. kuratsubo ni koboozu noru ya daiko hiki .
(winter) radish. radish pullers. boy. saddle

. kure kurete mochi o kodama no wabine kana / kurekurete .
(winter) pounding mochi rice-cakes. end of the year. echo. I sleep alone


. kuromori o nan to iu tomo kesa no yuki .
(winter) snow. this morning. black forest. how can I call it? (kuro mori)




- - - - - . - kusamakura 草枕 "grass pillow" - . ### - - - - -

. kusamakura inu mo shigururu ka yoru no koe .
(winter) sleet. "grass pillow" . a dog in the rain. voices of the night

. kusamakura makoto no hanami shite mo koyo .
(spring) cherry blossom viewing. grass pillow. go and experience it
for Yasomura Rotsuu 八十村路通 Rotsu -

- - - - -




. kusa no to mo sumikawaru yo zo hina no ie .
(spring) Hina dolls. this old thatched hut changes inhabitants
(Basho is now off to Oku no Hosomichi)

. kusa no to ya higurete kureshi kiku no sake .
(autumn) chrysanthemum sake. grass door. dusk
for Kawai Otokuni

. kusa no ha o otsuru yori tobu hotaru kana .
(summer) fireflies. falling from a blade of grass. flying away



. kusuri nomu sarademo shimo no makura kana .
(winter) frost on my pillow. I drink medicine but
- MORE about Basho and his chronic illness



. kutabirete yado karu koro ya fuji no hana .
(spring) wisteria flowers. I am so tired. looking for a lodging


. kuwa no mi ya hana naki choo no yosute-zake .
(summer) mulberries. hermit sake for the butterflies



. kyoo bakari hito mo toshiyore hatsushigure .
(winter) first winter drizzle. just today. growing older.


. kyoo yori ya kakitsuke kesan kasa no tsuyu .
(autumn) dew. from today on. the inscription erased. my traveler's hat




- - - - - . - Kyooto 京都 Kyoto, Kyo -　Miyako 都 / みやこ - ### . - - - - -

. Kyoo made wa mada nakazora ya yuki no kumo .
(winter) snow, clouds, half-way

. Kyoo ni te mo Kyoo natsukashi ya hototogisu . Kyoo nite mo
(summer) little cuckoo, longing for Kyoto

. Kyoo wa kuman kusen kunju no hanami kana .
(spring) ninety-nine thousand (people). watching cherry blossoms


. Kyoo mo tooku Narumi ga taharukeki umi o naka ni hedatete .
alone at the beach of Narumi

. Kyoo ni akite kono kogarashi ya fuyuzumai .
(winter) winter storm. I am bored by Kyoto. lodging in winter




. kyooku 狂句 Kyoku, comic verse . *


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