Oku Station 14 - Satoshoji

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- Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - おくのほそ道
The Narrow Road to the Deep North -

. Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - Introduction .

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- - - Station 14 - Sato Shoji, Satoshoji 佐藤庄司 旧跡 - - -

Crossing the ferry of Moon Halo, I came to the post town of Rapid's Head.
The ruined house of the brave warrior Sato was about a mile and a half from this post town towards the foot of the mountains on the left. I pushed my way towards the village of Iizuka, and found a hill called Maruyama in the open field of Sabano. This was the site of the warrior's house. I could not refrain from weeping, when I saw the remains of the front gate at the foot of the hill. There was a lonely temple in the vicinity, and tombs of the Sato family were still standing in the graveyard. I wept bitterly in front of the tombstones of the two young wives, remembering how they had dressed up their frail bodies in armor after the death of their husbands. In fact I felt as if I were in the presence of the Weeping Tombstone of China.

I went into the temple to have a drink of tea. Among the treasures of the temple were the sword of Yoshitsune and the satchel which his faithful retainer, Benkei, had carried on his back.

Proudly exhibit
With flying banners
The sword and the satchel
This May festival day.


Tr. by Nobuyuki Yuasa
source : terebess.hu/english


Tsuki no Wa no Watashi　（Moon Halo)
月の輪のわたしを越て、瀬の上と云宿に出づ。佐藤庄司が旧跡は左の山際一里半計に有。飯塚の里鯖野と聞て尋／＼行に、丸山と云に尋あたる。 是庄司の旧館なり。梺に大手の跡など人の教ゆるにまかせて泪を落し、又かたはらの古寺に一家の石碑を残す。中にも二人の嫁がしるし先哀也。女なれどもかひ％＼しき名の世に聞えつる物かなと袂をぬらしぬ。堕涙の石碑も遠きにあらず。寺に入て茶を乞へば、爰に義経の太刀弁慶が笈をとゞめて什物とす。

笈も太刀も五月にかざれ帋幟 - oi mo tachi mo satsuki ni kazare kami nobori

五月朔日の事也。



source :　blogs.yahoo.co.jp/bgydk072

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笈も太刀も五月に飾れ紙幟　
oi mo tachi mo satsuki ni kazare kaminobori

satchel and sword, too,
displayed for Fifth Month:
carp streamers
Tr. Barnhill

The temple where Basho stayed when he wrote this poem was in possession of the famous sword of Minamoto no Yoshitsune and the satchel (bag) by Benkei.

佐藤庄司, 元禄2年5月2日 1689, second day of the 5th lunar month


- quote
Ioji-temple 医王寺 and the Sato family
Ioji-temple was built in 826 in Iizaka, Fukushima-shi, and is now known for housing a Buddhist image that protects people against sickness. In the temple are the tombstones of Motoharu Sato, a feudal load, and his family, which is an “Important Prefectural Cultural Asset.
. . . Heike enjoyed tremendous prosperity for about 20 years. However, the Genji once again rose in arms against the ruling Heike.
A feudal load, Motoharu Sato, took the side of the Genji during the battle.He had two sons, Tsugunobu and Tadanobu. He ordered them to go to the western part of Japan, to support the Genji.

The first son Tsugunobu was killed at Yashima, in Kagawa prefecture. While the second son, Tadanobu, was also killed in KyotoThey were killed in defense of Yoshitsune, who was a younger brother of the leader of the Genji.

After the battle, Yoshitsune visited Ioji-temple taking the two brother's hair, along with his first vassal Benkei. At that time, Bushi used to offer the hair of the warriors killed in battles to the family's grave. In front of the tombstone, Yoshitsune praised the two brothers' courage offering his sword. For Japanese warriors, Bushi, the sword was thought the most important possession. Benkei offered his bag called Oi. The bag is displayed in the Ioji museum now.

This Haiku (by Basho) literally means that you should decorate the bag and sword with paper-made carp-shaped streamers on the Boy's Festival Day.

- source : www10.plala.or.jp/mikio-michiyo



source :　itoyo/basho/okunohosomichi

Tomb of the Sato brothers


source :　asahi-ecom.jp

oi from Benkei, used during his religious training
kept as Asahi village 朝日町


. oi 笈 backpack of the Edo period .


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- quote
Auf den Spuren des treuen Vasallen Satô Motoharu
Wir bedienten uns der Fähre vom „Mondhof“, um über den Fluß zu kommen und schon waren wir bei der Wechselstation „Oberfurt“. Die alten Ruinen der Stätte, die jener Gutsherr von Satô bewohnt hatte, finden sich links in einem Bergwinkel in einer Entfernung von etwa eineinhalb Meilen, und zwar bei Sabano in der Nähe des Dorfes Iizuka“ – sagte man uns.

Wir schlugen die empfohlene Richtung ein und fragten uns solange durch, bis wir endlich die Maruyama genannte Anhöhe fanden, wo die ehemalige Burg des Gutsherren stand. Die Überreste am Ausläufer des Berges sollen die des vorderen Eingangstores sein – im guten Glauben an die Verläßlichkeit dessen, was man uns sagte, ließen wir unseren Tränen freien Lauf.

Am alten Tempel nebenan sind übrigens die gesamten Grabstelen des Satô-Hauses erhalten geblieben. Von allen berührten mich die Grabschriften der Schwiegertöchter am tiefsten. Denn was sie taten, ist Frauen gar nicht erst zuzumuten, und so ging der Ruf ihrer Tapferkeit wahrhaftig durch die ganze Welt.

Es blieb uns kein Auge trocken – das bezeugten auch meine nassen Ärmel. Um einer Grabstele willen, wie die der Chin-Zeit, „wo jeder Tränen vergießen muß“, in die Ferne zu schweifen – das ist wirklich nicht nötig.

Wir betraten daraufhin den Tempel und baten um Tee. Das Schwert des Helden Yoshitsune und der Tragkorb seines treuen Vasallen Benkei werden hier als Tempelschätze aufbewahrt.

Oi mo tachi mo satsuki ni kazare kami-nobori

Jener Tragkorb, jenes Schwert
diene dem Festmonat genauso als Schmuck!
Wie die Papierbanner...

All dies begab sich am ersten Tag des Fünften Monats.

tr. G. S. Dombrady
- source : www.k5.dion.ne.jp/~litterae/common

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元禄２年５月

Iooji soba 医王寺そば buckwheat noodle soup from temple Io-Ji
with Kawamata Shamo chicken
sold even today in Memory of Matsuo Basho

. Kawamata Shamo Chicken 川俣シャモ　ー　Fukushima .

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「笈（おい）も太刀（たち）も五月に飾れ紙のぼり」と詠んでいる。

句意は、「五月の初めなので（あちこちに）紙幟がひるがえっている。
笈も太刀も飾って（端午の節句を祝ってもらいたい）」。



Entrance Gate to the Temple 医王寺山門

source : yougo-iiouji.htm

This important temple is sometimes called the
Koya-san of the East.

Famous for Sato Tsugunobu 佐藤継信 (1158 - 1185)
Tsugenobu was called Yushooji 湯庄司.
and his brother
Sato Tadanobu 佐藤忠信 (1161 - 1186)


. WKD : Benkei and Yoshitsune 弁慶　義経 .


sakura no tsue 桜の杖 walking stick from cherry wood
In the 10th month of the year 1180 the local regent 信夫庄司　Shinobu Shoji Satō 佐藤元治 Sato Motoharu had his two children,
嗣信 Tsugunobu and 忠信 Tadanobu become retainers of Yoshitsune.
As a proof of their loyalty he planted a stick of cherry wood in the ground and spoke:
"If my two sons will be loyal to Yoshitsune, this stick will grow into a tree.
Otherwise this stick will wither away!"
「わが子が君に忠であれば生きよ、さもなくば枯れよ」
The stick grew into a beautiful cherry tree and was called 庄司戻し桜 Shoji modoshi sakura.

Tsugunobu (1158 – 1185) was killed at Yashima, in Kagawa prefecture, protecting Yoshitsune from an arrow by the enemy Taira no Noritsune.
Tadanobu (1153 - 1186) was killed in Kyoto. Both were killed in defense of Yoshitsune.



The tree withered later but was replanted.

. 源の義経　Minamoto no Yoshitsune (1159 - 1189) .

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Oku Station 15 - Iizuka

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- Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - おくのほそ道
The Narrow Road to the Deep North -

. Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - Introduction .

1st of the Fifth month.

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- - - Station 15 - Iizuka 飯塚 - - -

I stopped overnight at Iizuka. I had a bath in a hot spring before I took shelter at an inn. It was a filthy place with rough straw mats spread out on an earth floor. They had to prepare my bed by the dim light of the fire, for there was not even a lamp in the whole house. A storm came upon us towards midnight, and between the noise of the thunder and leaking rain and the raids of mosquitoes and fleas, I could not get a wink of sleep. Furthermore, an attack of my old complaint made me so ill that I suffered severely from repeated attacks while I rode on horseback bound for the town of Kori. It was indeed a terrible thing to be so ill on the road, when there still remained thousands of miles before me, but thinking that if I were to die on my way to the extreme north it would only be the fulfillment of providence, I trod the earth as firmly as possible and arrived at the barrier-gate of Okido in the province of Date.


Tr. by Nobuyuki Yuasa
source : terebess.hu/english


其夜飯塚にとまる。温泉あれば湯に入て宿をかるに、土坐に筵を敷てあやしき貧家也。灯もなければゐろりの火かげに寝所をまうけて臥す。夜に入て雷鳴、雨しきりに降て、臥る上よりもり、蚤蚊にせゝられて眠らず。持病さへおこりて消入計になん。短夜の空もやう／＼明れば、又旅立ぬ。猶夜の余波心すゝまず、馬かりて桑折の駅に出る。遥なる行末をかゝえて、斯る病覚束なしといへど、羈旅辺土の行脚、捨身無常の観念、道路にしなん、是天の命なりと気力聊とり直し路縦横に踏で伊達の大木戸をこす。

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奥の細道絵巻-飯塚の里

- source : www.bashouan.com/OYemaki

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It was on the 1st of the Fifth month.

That night we stopped over at Iizuka. A hot spring is there, and we bathed and rented a room.
It was a crude, shabby place with straw mats covering a dirt floor. There wasn't even a lamp, so we bedded down by the light of a sunken fireplace. Night came, thunder rolled, rain poured down. The roof leaked over our heads and I was harrassed by fleas and mosquitoes.
My old illness too cropped up and I almost fainted.
Finally the sky of the short summer night began to lighten, and we set off once again.
But the night's afflictions stayed with me and my spirits would not rise. We borrowed a horse and headed for the post town of Koori. My distant journey remained, I was anxious about my illness, and yet this was a pilgrimage to far places, a resignation to self-abandonment and impermanence.
Death might come by the roadsice but that is heaven's will. With those thoughts my spirits recovered a bit, I began to step broadly on my way, and jauntily I passed through the Great Gate of Date.

- source : Barnhill


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Oku Station 16 - Kasajima

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- Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - おくのほそ道
The Narrow Road to the Deep North -

. Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - Introduction .


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sometimes spelled Kasashima 笠嶋 "Hat Island"
Now in Miyagi prefecture, Natori town 宮城県名取市.


Basho and his traveler's hat (kasa)
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

- - - Station 16 - Kasajima 笠嶋 - - -

Passing through the castle towns of Abumizuri and Shiroishi, I arrived at the province of Kasajima, where I asked the way to the mound of Lord Sanekata of the Fujiwara family. I was told that I must turn right in the direction of the villages of Minowa and Kasajima visible at the foot of the mountains in the distance, and that the mound was still there by the side of a shrine, buried in deep grass. I wanted to go that way, of course, but the muddy road after the early rain of the wet season and my own weakness stopped me. The names of the two villages were so befitting to the wet season with their echoes of raincoat and umbrella that I wrote:

How far must I walk
To the village of Kasajima
This endlessly muddy road
Of the early wet season?

I stopped overnight at Iwanuma.


Tr. by Nobuyuki Yuasa
source : terebess.hu/english


鐙摺白石の城を過、笠嶋の郡に入れば、藤中将実方の塚はいづくのほどならんと人にとへば、是より遥右に見ゆる山際の里を蓑輪 笠嶋と云。道祖神の社、かた見の薄今にありと教ゆ。此比の五月雨に道いとあしく、身つかれ侍れば、よそながら眺やりて過るに、蓑輪笠嶋も五月雨の折にふれたりと、

笠嶋はいづこさ月のぬかり道


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笠島はいづこ五月のぬかり道
Kasajima wa izuko satsuki no nukari michi

Rainhat Island -
where is it in this rainy month
along muddy roads?
Tr. Barnhill


Kashima's
where now on the month of May's
mud-ridden highway
Tr. Corman/Kamaike


Kasajima -
Which way?
This muddy road of May.
Tr. Saito/Nelson


whereabouts is
Kasashima? this rainy month,
this muddy road
Tr. Ueda


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In the year 1689, June 20 - 元禄2年5月4日


source :　itoyo/basho

This hokku is divided in two parts in the middle of line 2.

Kasajima wa izuko
satsuki no nukari michi

Where is it,
this Kasajima? The muddy road
of the swamp month.
Tr. Gabi Greve


satsuki　皐月 "swamp month"
is the fifth lunar month, now the rainy season of June, July.
五月 is also written with the character for 5　五.

. The Asian Lunar Calendar .




source :　kikyou0123

The haiku sweet represents the stones on the muddy road of Basho.


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Toono chuujoo Sanekata 藤中将実方 Tono Chujo Sanekata
Fujiwara no Sanekata 藤原実方
(? - 998)

A waka poet of the Heian period, during the reign of the Emperor Ichijo (986-1011).
He has one poem in the collection "100 poems from 100 poets".

Legend knows that he was quite a quarreler, and after an argument in the palace with Fujiwara Yukinari he was ordered in exile, as Governor of Mutsu province　陸奥の国.
One day he passed a small shrine of the wayside deities Dosojin 道祖神 of Kasajima without getting off his horse. As divine punishment he was thrown from his horse and died.




When I must hide
these burning feelings,
I feel as though
my body is on fire
with Ibuki mugwort.

Ogura Hyakunin Isshu Poems 小倉百人一首
. Fujiwara no Sanekata Ason 藤原実方朝臣 .


. Doosojin 道祖神 Dosojin .
the Wayside Gods of Japan


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Saigyo also passed this village and wrote the following waka:

くちもせぬ 其の名ばかりを 留め置きて
枯野の薄 形見 にぞみる

kuchi mo senu sono na bakari o todome okite
kareno no susuki katami ni zo miru

He has left nothing
but an undying name
in this world . . .
On his grave in the withered moor
pampas grass is all I see.
Tr. Ueda


Saigyo and Basho 西行法師
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .


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Abumizuri 　鐙摺　lit. "side of a horse where the stirrups rub"
A small town near tha Abumizuri mountain.
The pass through this mountain is so narrow that the stirrups of a rider almost scrape the sides.

Minowa 蓑輪 lit. "raincoat wheel"

Shiroishi　白石 lit. "white stone"


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Oku Station 17 - Takekuma no Matsu

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- Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - おくのほそ道
The Narrow Road to the Deep North -

. Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - Introduction .

5月4日

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- - - Station 17 - Takekuma no Matsu 武隈 - - -

My heart leaped with joy when I saw the celebrated pine tree of Takekuma, its twin trunks shaped exactly as described by the ancient poets. I was immediately reminded of the priest Noin who had grieved to find upon his second visit this same tree cut down and thrown into the River Natori as bridge-piles by the newly-appointed governor of the province. This tree had been planted, cut, and replanted several times in the past, but just when I came to see it myself, it was in its original shape after a lapse of perhaps a thousand years, the most beautiful shape one could possibly think of for a pine tree. The poet Kyohaku wrote as follows at the time of my departure to express his good wishes for my journey:

Don't forget to show my master
The famous pine of Takekuma,
Late cherry blossoms
Of the far north.

The following poem I wrote was, therefore, a reply:

Three months after we saw
Cherry blossoms together
I came to see the glorious
Twin trunks of the pine.


Tr. by Nobuyuki Yuasa
source : terebess.hu/english

岩沼に宿る。

武隈の松にこそめ覚る心地はすれ。根は土際より二木にわかれて、昔の姿うしなはずとしらる。先能因法師思ひ出、往昔むつのかみにて下りし人、此木を伐て、名取川の橋杭にせられたる事などあればにや。松は此たび跡もなしとは詠たり。代々あるは伐、あるひは植継などせしと聞に、今将千歳のかたちとゝのほひて、めでたき松のけしきになん侍し。

武隈の松みせ申せ遅桜と挙白と云ものゝ餞別したりければ、

桜より松は二木を三月越シ sakura yori matsu wa futaki o mitsukigoshi (mitsuki-goshi)

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. Nōin、Nooin Hoshi, No-In Hoshi 能因法師 Priest Noin .
(988-1051)

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第26回「奥の細道」岩沼サミット



Haiku Meeting at Iwanuma, Miyagi - in honor of the Takekuma Pines
source : www.city.iwanuma.miyagi.jp


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Natorigawa 名取川 River Natori

I don’t know how many of the
Natorigawa’s shoals I will cross,
maybe seven, maybe eight of them –
but when night comes, I’ll cross them.
Tr. Edward Kamens


Natorigawa, “The River of Scandal,” is
in far-off Michinoku, they say: and
oh how terrible it is to have my name
be used in a way it does not deserve!
Tr. Edward Kamens

Mibu no Tadamine　壬生忠岑

MORE about the River
source : tohokupillows.wordpress.com


------------------------------------- quote - comment by Scott Watson
Cross the Natori River, entering Sendai.
It is the day to thatch with sweet flags. Finding an inn, [we] stay four or five days. There is an artist here named Kaemon. [We] hear that his heart has a joyous ring. A good man to know. [He] remembers places of note that are long since obscure, and he shows around one day. Hagi [bush clover] is thick at Miyagino, and we can sense what the scene must be like in autumn. At Tamada, Yokono, Tsutsuji-ga-oka asebi [horse drunk tree] is in bloom. Enter a pine woods where no sun penetrates, a place called Kinoshita [under trees]. Long ago, too, the dewfall was such that "Attendants! An umbrella. . . ." was composed. Praying at Yakushidō and the Tenjin Shrine, come to the day's end. Kaemon sends us off with drawings he made of places here and there in Matsushima and Shiogama. [And he] makes us a farewell gift of two pair of waraji [straw sandals] with cords dyed dark blue. That is why [he] is known as a man of utmost cultivation, a fact shown in what is here attained.

Feet bound with
blue flag cords.
waraji.

Notes
Kaemon: Kitanoya Kaemon.
He was a high ranking student of haikai poet Oyodo Michikaze. He was also a woodblock artist and ran a bookstore that specialized in haikai books.
Hagi: Bush clover has tiny white or deep pink blossoms and has been a famous early autumn flower since ancient times. It is mentioned 125 times in the ancient anthology The Manyōshū. Courtiers off to autumnal flower viewing gatherings sometimes decorated themselves with spray of hagi or dyed their robes hagi colors.
Asebi: A plant with small temple bell shaped flowers. It is mentioned in The Manyōshū. If horses eat the plant they suffer, thus the ideograms that read "horse drunk tree" (drunk = sick drunk).
Waraji: Straw sandals. The Yakushi Nyorai (Medicine/healing Bodhisattva) Bashō visited is thought to strengthen legs, which is why travelers petition there and why the offering they make is straw sandals. It might be of interest for some readers to know that a traveler on foot wore out a few pair of sandals each day.
I tried walking in a pair for half a day before blisters rose up between my toes.

Scott Watson, facebook, April 2024


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source :　itoyo/basho

The two pines at Takekuma 武隈の松


. Genji Monogatari　 源氏物語　 .

Lady Akashi to Genji

Whose ends are far
the twin-leaf little pine
now torn away -
I wonder when the day will come
to gaze on its lofty shade.


Genji answering Lady Akashi

Since its roots grow deep
that long since began to grow
the little pine tree
by the Takekuma pines
for a thousand years shall stand.
Tr. Cranstone


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Oku Station 18 - Sendai

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- Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - おくのほそ道
The Narrow Road to the Deep North -

. Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - Introduction .

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- - - Station 18 - Sendai 仙台 - - -

Crossing the River Natori, I entered the city of Sendai on May the fourth, the day we customarily throw fresh leaves of iris on the roof and pray for good health. I found an inn, and decided to stay there for several days. There was in this city a painter named Kaemon. I made special efforts to meet him, for he was reputed to be a man with a truly artistic mind. One day he took me to various places of interest which I might have missed but for his assistance. We first went to the plain of Miyagino, where fields of bush-clover were waiting to blossom in autumn. The hills of Tamada, Yokono, and Tsutsuji-ga-oka were covered with white rhododendrons in bloom. Then we went into the dark pine woods called Konoshita where even the beams of the sun could not penetrate. This darkest spot on the earth had often been the subject of poetry because of its dewiness - for example, one poet says that his lord needs an umbrella to protect him from the drops of dew when he enters it.

We also stopped at the shrines of Yakushido and Tenjin on our way home.

When the time came for us to say good-bye, this painter gave me his own drawings of Matsushima and Shiogama and two pairs of straw sandals with laces dyed in the deep blue of the iris. In this last appears most clearly perhaps the true artistic nature of this man.

It looks as if
Iris flowers had bloomed
On my feet --
Sandals laced in blue.


Tr. by Nobuyuki Yuasa
source : terebess.hu/english


名取川を渡て仙台に入。あやめふく日也。旅宿をもとめて四五日逗留す。爰に 画工加衛門と云ものあり。聊心ある者と聞て知る人になる。この者年比さだかならぬ名 ところを考置侍ればとて、一日案内す。宮城野の萩茂りあひて、秋の景色思ひやらるゝ。玉田よこ野つゝじが岡はあせび咲ころ也。日影ももらぬ松の林に入て爰を木の下と云とぞ。昔もかく露ふかければこそ、みさぶらひみかさとはよみたれ。薬師堂天神の御社など拝て、其日はくれぬ。猶、松嶋塩がまの所〃画に書て送る。且、紺の染緒つけたる草鞋二足餞す。さればこそ風流のしれもの、爰に至りて其実を顕す。

あやめ艸足に結ん草鞋の緒 ayamegusa ashi ni musuban waraji no o


gakoo Kae'mon 画工加衛門 the painter Kaemon / 画工加右衛門 (がこうかえもん) painter Kaemon


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In 1689 Matsuo Basho (松尾芭蕉) crossed the Natori River and entered Sendai, Miyagi on ‘ The Narrow Road to Oku.’ It was the day they celebrate by converting their roofs with ‘Sweet flags’, or Calami’ (あやめ). He visited there around the time of the Sweet Flags Festival (あやめの節句)(5th day of Fifth Month, also called the Boy’s Festival), when sweet flags were displayed on the eaves of houses to drive away evil spirits, or they took “Shobuyu, or 菖蒲湯 (bath with floating sweet flag leaves)” baths. The leaves keep mosquitoes and snakes away with strong fragrance. As the strong fragrance was believed to drive away bad air, people began to take baths with sweet flag leaves.
Furthermore, the plant ‘Sweet Flag’ was believed to be a symbol of the samurai’s bravery because of its sharp sword-like leaves. Even now many families with young boys enjoy “Sweet Flag Bath(shobu yu)” in the Boy’s Festival on May 5.
source : Akita Haiku



ayamegusa ashi ni musuban waraji no o

irises in bloom
let me tie around my feet
the cords of the sandals
Tr. cirje/research


I will bind iris
Blossoms round my feet―
Cords for my sandals!
Tr. Keene


I shall tie
irises to my feet -
sandal thongs

Grass of the sweet flag -
I shall use them to tie
my straw sandals
Tr. Shirane


. WKD : iris, Ayame .


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quote
In Sendai ... he hoped to meet Michikaze (1649 - 1707), a prominent haikai master who had developed a considerable following in the area, but Michikaze was absent, leaving only Kae'mon (d. 1765), one of Michikaze's disciples, who appears .. as the eccentric painter.
- Shirane, Traces of Dreams, p. 250
source : books.google.co.jp



「おくのほそ道」と仙台
source : www.bashouan.com - Sendai

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On the 8th day of the 5th lunar month 5月8日 Basho left Sendai and arrived in Shiogama around 3 in the afternoon.　After eating some rice 茶漬け he visited some of the famous places of the town, like Sue no Matsuyama.
Next morining he was back in Sendai at the home of Kaemon 加右衛門.

. Basho at Tsubo no Ishibumi 壺の碑 .


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quote
Like fûga, fûryû is one of many Chinese-origin words Bashô uses frequently in his work. In “Sansei zu san” (Eulogy on the painting of the Three Sages), a short haibun piece written in his later years, he writes:
“A person who puts his whole heart into fûryû and harmonizes himself with the four seasons would find the things worthy of verse as inexhaustible as the grains of sand on the beach.”

In this passage, fûryû seems to refer to poetry in general and is almost interchangeable with fûga. More often, however, Bashô uses fûryû to describe a quality or taste that is closely associated with the life and spirit of a recluse/wayfarer.
In Oku no hosomichi, for example, Bashô writes about his visit to a painter at Sendai. He tells us that when the time came for him to leave, the painter gave him some drawings and two pairs of straw sandals with their laces dyed deep blue. Bashô comments on the sandals:
“It was with the last gifts that he demonstrated most clearly his character as a connoisseur of fûryû.”

It is noteworthy here that the poet does not pay much attention to the beautiful drawings of famous landscapes, but rather stresses the artist’s taste of fûryû as demonstrated in the sandals he gave to the traveler, objects that are often associated with rusticity and a wayfarer’s life. The interesting example above reveals that the taste and lifestyle of a recluse/traveler was a basic element of Bashô’s fûryû.

source : Basho-and-the-Dao - Peipei-Qiu

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. Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - Introduction .


. Matsukawa Daruma from Sendai 仙台の松川だるま .


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Oku Station 19 - Tsubo no Ishibumi

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- Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - おくのほそ道
The Narrow Road to the Deep North -

. Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - Introduction .

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- - - Station 19 - Tsubo no Ishibumi 壺の碑 - - -

Relying solely on the drawings of Kaemon which served as a guide, pushed along the Narrow Road to the Deep North, and came to the place where tall sedges were growing in clusters. This was the home of the famous sedge mats of Tofu. Even now it is the custom of the people of this area to send carefully woven mats as tribute to the governor each year.

I found the stone monument of Tsubo no Ishibumi on the ancient site of the Taga castle in the village of Ichikawa. The monument was about six feet tall and three feet wide, and the engraved letters were still visible on its surface through thick layers of moss. In addition to the numbers giving the mileage to various provinces, it was possible to read the following words: This castle was built upon the present site in the first year of Jinki (724) by General Ono no Azumabito dispatched to the Northern Provinces by His Majesty, and remodelled in the sixth year of Tempyohoji (762) by His majesty's Councillor and general Emi no Asakari, Governor of the Eastern and Northern Provinces.

According to the date given at the end of the inscription, this monument was erected during the reign of Emperor Shomu (724-49), and had stood here ever since, winning the increasing admiration of poets through the years. In this ever changing world where mountains crumble, rivers change their courses, roads are deserted, rocks are buried, and old trees yield to young shoots, it was nothing short of a miracle that this monument alone had survived the battering of a thousand years to be the living memory of the ancients. I felt as if I were in the presence of the ancients themselves, and, forgetting all the troubles I had suffered on the road, rejoiced in the utter happiness of this joyful moment, not without tears in my eyes.


Tr. by Nobuyuki Yuasa
source : terebess.hu/english


かの画図にまかせてたどり行ば、おくの細道の山際に 十符の菅有。今も年々 十符の菅菰を調て国守に献ずと云り。

壷碑 市川村多賀城に有

つぼの石ぶみは高サ六尺餘横三尺計歟。苔を穿て文字幽也。四維国界之数里をしるす。此城、神亀元年、按察使鎮守府将軍大野朝臣東人之所置也。天平宝字六年、参議東海東山節度使、 同将軍恵美朝臣獲修造而十二月朔日と有。聖武皇帝の御時に当れり。むかしよりよみ置る哥枕、おほく語傳ふといへども、 山崩川落て、跡あらたまり、石は埋て土にかくれ、木は老て若木にかはれば、時移り代変じて、其跡たしかならぬ事のみを、爰に至りて疑なき千歳の記念、今眼前に古人の心を閲す。行脚の一徳、存命の悦び、羈旅の労をわすれて泪も落るばかり也。

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Tofu
There are many poems about the sedge mats of Tofu (Tofu no Suge　十符の菅　 or Tofu no sugamono).



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Tsubo no Ishibumi
This refers to an ancient stone monument found at Tsubomura just north of Shichinoe. Later the stone monument at Taga Castle came to be called by the same name.





Tagajōhi 多賀城碑 - Memorial stone from Tagajo castle
another name for this stone.
.... a Nara period inscription that gives distances to Nara, the province of the Emishi, and a number of other regions. Matsuo Bashō (松尾 芭蕉) creatively recounts his viewing of the stele in Oku no Hosomichi (奥の細道), concluding 'there are seldom any certain vestiges of what has been, yet in this place there are wholly trustworthy memorials of events a millennium ago', and is moved to tears. In his account the monument functions as a poetic place or utamakura.
In 1998 it was designated an Important Cultural Property.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


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Ono no Azumabito 大野東人
Ono no Azumabito accompanied Fujiwara Umakai in his attack on the barbarian Emishi. He built Taga Castle. According to Zoku Nihongi, he died in the 14th year of Tempyo.


©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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source :　itoyo/basho

壺の碑を見る芭蕉（「芭蕉翁絵詞伝」より）
Basho looking at Tsubo no Ishibumi.

On the 8th day of the 5th lunar month 5月8日 Basho left Sendai and arrived in Shiogama around 3 in the afternoon.　After eating some rice 茶漬け he visited some of the famous places of the town, like Sue no Matsuyama.
Next morining he was back in Sendai at the home of Kaemon 加右衛門.

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- quote
From The Essential Basho by Sam Hamill, Shambhala, 1998, pp 14-15:

‘At Taga Castle, we found the most ancient monument Tsubo-no-ishibumi, in Ichikawa Village. It’s about six feet high and three feet wide. We struggled to read the inscription under heavy moss:

This Castle Was Built by Shogun Ono-no-Azumabito in 724. In 762, His Majesty’s Commanding General Emi-no-Asakari Supervised Repairs.



‘Dated from the time of Emperor Shomu, Tsubo-no-ishibumi inspired many a poet. Floods and landslides buried trails and markers, trees have grown and died, making this monument very difficult to find. The past remains hidden in clouds of memory. Still it returned us to memories from a thousand years before. Such a moment is the reason for a pilgrimage: infirmities forgotten, the ancients remembered, joyous tears trembled in my eyes.’

Note: Emperor Shomu [聖武天皇, Shōmu-tennō, 701 – June 4, 756]

- source : okunomichi.wordpress.com - The Path Beyond


- further reference -

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. Shiogama 塩竃市 .



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Oku Station 20 - Shiogama

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- Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - おくのほそ道
The Narrow Road to the Deep North -

. Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - Introduction .


More hokku by Basho and background information:
. WKD : Matsushima 松島 .

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- - - Station 20 - Shiogama - - -

Stopping briefly at the River Noda no Tamagawa and the so-called Rock in the Offing, I came to the pine woods called Sue no Matsuyama 末の松山, where I found a temple called Masshozan and a great number of tombstones scattered among the trees. It was a depressing sight indeed, for young or old, loved or loving, we must all go to such a place at the end of our lives. I entered the town of Shiogama hearing the ding-dong of the curfew. Above was the darkening sky, unusually empty for May, and beyond was the silhouette of Migaki ga Shima Island* not far from the shore in the moonlight.

The voices of the fishermen* dividing the catch of the day made me even more lonely, for I was immediately reminded of an old poem which pitied them for their precarious lives on the sea. Later in the evening, I had a chance to hear a blind minstrel singing to his lute. His songs were different from either the narrative songs of the Heike or the traditional songs of dancing, and were called Okujoruri (Dramatic Narratives of the Far North). I must confess that the songs were a bit too boisterous, when chanted so near my ears, but I found them not altogether unpleasing, for they still retained the rustic flavor of the past.

The following morning, I rose early and did homage to the great god of the Myojin Shrine of Shiogama. This shrine had been rebuilt by the former governor of the province* with stately columns, painted beams, and an impressive stone approach, and the morning sun shining directly on the vermillion fencing was almost dazzlingly bright. I was deeply impressed by the fact that the divine power of the gods had penetrated even to the extreme north of our country, and I bowed in humble reverence before the altar.

I noticed an old lantern in front of the shrine. According to the inscription on its iron window, it was dedicated by Izumi no Saburo in the third year of Bunji (1187). My thought immediately flew back across the span of five hundred years to the days of this most faithful warrior. His life is certain evidence that, if one performs one's duty and maintains one's loyalty, fame comes naturally in the wake, for there is hardly anyone now who does not honor him as the flower of chivalry.

It was already close to noon when I left the shrine. I hired a boat and started for the islands of Matsushima. After two miles or so on the sea, I landed on the sandy beach of Ojima Island.


Tr. by Nobuyuki Yuasa


- - - - - Explanations

Noda no Tamagawa
Noda no Tamagawa is an Uta Makura. This is one of six famous Tamagawas in Japan. Noin wrote a famous poem about it, Shinkokinshu #643: Come evening briny air starts flowing in with plovers crying over Tama's stream at Noda in Michinoku (H.H. Honda, p. 173)

Rock in the offing
A poem by Nijoin in the Senzaishu twists the meaning of this Uta Makura: -- The reference is to a stone in a small pond at Hachiman Jiohi at Taga Castle.

Sue no matsuyama
This is also an Uta makura. Among the Azuma Uta of the Kokinshu is: -- Another poem from Goshuishu by Kiyohara no Motosuke (One of the 36 poetic geniuses of the Heian period, he was also a skilled player of the koto. He was editor of the Gosen Waka Shu ((909-990)): --

Masshozan
This word is written with the same characters as "Sue no Matsuyama," so the place name and temple name reinforce each other.

End of our lives
This is a reference to the poem "Everlasting Sorrow" by Po Chu-i.

Old poem
This is an allusion to one of the Azuma Uta in the Kokinshu which goes:--

Okujoruri
Okujoruri is a kind of old style joruri, also called "Sendai Joruri" or "Okuni Joruri." In this style one narrates a story to the rhythm of a fan or biwa.

Past
In Japanese the line literally says: "He beat it with a rustic rhythm and he did it close by my pillow, but at any rate it was a tradition of this area and I could not put it from my mind, and so it seemed commendable."

Myojin Shrine
This Myojin Shrine was built by Date Masamune (1567-1639). He had inherited the Mutsu domain from his father. In 1590 he had an audience with Toyotomi Hideyoshi at his camp at Odawara and was received as a retainer of the Taiko. Later, at Sekigahara and at the seige of Osaka Castle he led attacks for Tokugawa Ieyasu and was later given the Sendai domain. He built the Shiogama Myojin shrine in 1597.

Izumi no Saburo
Izumi no Saburo was the third son of Fujiwara no Hidehira (?-1187) who built the powerful Fujiwara presence at Hiraizumi in the late Heian period. From there he ruled the north. Hidehira opposed Minamoto no Yoritomo and favored Yoshitsune. On his death bed Hidehira ordered his sons to protect Yoshitsune from Yoritomo. Saburo tried to do so and was murdered by his treacherous older brother. He died at the age of 23.

Five hundred years
Literally this passage reads: "The ghosts of 500 years ago came floating before my eyes now." This is an echo of the 1000 year old stone monument he had seen earlier at Taga Castle.
source : terebess.hu/english


末の松山 Sue no Matsuyama
それより野田の玉川沖の石を尋ぬ。 末の松山は寺を造りて末松山といふ。松のあひ／＼皆墓はらにて、はねをかはし枝をつらぬる契の末も終はかくのごときと悲しさも増りて、塩がまの浦に入相のかねを聞。五月雨の空聊はれて、夕月夜幽に、籬が嶋もほど近し。蜑の小舟こぎつれて、肴わかつ声／＼に、つなでかなしもとよみけん心もしられて、いとゞ哀也。其夜、目盲法師の琵琶をならして奥上るりと云ものをかたる。平家にもあらず、舞にもあらず。ひなびたる調子うち上て、枕ちかうかしましけれど、さすがに辺土の遺風忘れざるものから、殊勝に覚らる。

塩釜明神 Shiogama Myoojin
早朝塩がまの明神に詣。国守再興せられて、宮柱ふとしく彩椽きらびやかに石の階、九仭に重り、朝日あけの玉がきを かゞやかす。かゝる道の果塵土の境まで、神霊あらたにましますこそ、吾国の風俗 なれどいと貴けれ。神前に古き宝燈有。かねの戸びらの面に文治三年和泉三郎寄進と有。五百年来の俤今目の前にうかびて、そゞろに珍し。渠は勇義忠孝の士也。佳命今に至りて、したはずといふ事なし。誠人能道を勤、義を守べし。名もまた是にしたがふと云り。日既午にちかし。船をかりて松嶋にわたる。其間二里餘、雄嶋の磯につく。


. 源の義経　Minamoto no Yoshitsune (1159 - 1189) .

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Tr. Britton
The following morning, I rose early and did homage to the great god of the Myojin Shrine of Shiogama. This shrine had been rebuilt by the former governor of the province with stately columns, painted beams, and an impressive stone approach, and the morning sun shining directly on the vermillion fencing was almost dazzlingly bright. I was deeply impressed by the fact that the divine power of the gods had penetrated even to the extreme north of our country, and I bowed in humble reverence before the altar.

I noticed an old lantern in front of the shrine. According to the inscription on its iron window, it was dedicated by Izumi no Saburo in the third year of Bunji (1187). My thought immediately flew back across the span of five hundred years to the days of this most faithful warrior. His life is certain evidence that, if one performs one's duty and maintains one's loyalty, fame comes naturally in the wake, for there is hardly anyone now who does not honor him as the flower of chivalry.

It was already close to noon when I left the shrine. I hired a boat and started for the islands of Matsushima.






More about Izumi no Saburo 泉三郎 and a stone lantern in his honor
. WKD : Shiogama jinja　鹽竈神社 Shrine Shiogama .
and the Salt-making Deity

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松島やああ松島や松島や

Matsushima ya
aa Matsushima ya
Matsushima ya

attributed to Kyoka-Writer Monk Tahara Bo
狂歌師田原坊 (Tawara Boo, Tawarabo)

Read more about the discussion of this poem:
. WKD : Matsushima 松島 .

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Saigyo visiting the grave of Fujiwara Sanekata, a Heian period poet who was exiled in the North:

He has left nothing
but an undying name
in this world . . .
On his grave in the withered moor
pampas grass is all I see.
Tr. Ueda

- - - - -

The sound of wind
brings the dew to the fields
on Miyagino
To the tiny bush clover
I convey my message.


If ever I should change my mind
and banish you from my heart
then let great ocean waves
rise and cross
Sue no Matsuyama
Tr. Kamens


. 　Basho and Saigyo 芭蕉と西行法師　.


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. WKD - Shiogama 塩竃市 - Sail-cord Festival .



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Oku Station 21 - Matsushima

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- Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - おくのほそ道
The Narrow Road to the Deep North -

. Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - Introduction .

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source :　1000ya.isis.ne.jp

Basho and Sora on the way to Oshima 雄島 (Matsushima)
Painting by Buson
蕪村筆「奥の細道画巻」

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- - - Station 21 - Matsushima 松島 - - -

Much praise has already been lavished on the wonders of the islands of Matsushima. Yet if further praise is possible, I would like to say that here is the most beautiful spot in the whole country of Japan, and that the beauty of these islands is not in the least inferior to the beauty of Lake Dotei or Lake Seiko in China. The islands are situated in a bay about three miles wide in every direction and open to the sea through a narrow mouth on the south-east side. Just as the River Sekko in China is made full at each swell of the tide, so is this bay filled with the brimming water of the ocean and the innumerable islands are scattered over it from one end to the other.

Tall islands point to the sky and level ones prostrate themselves before the surges of water. Islands are piled above islands, and islands are joined to islands, so that they look exactly like parents caressing their children or walking with them arm in arm. The pines are of the freshest green and their branches are curved in exquisite lines, bent by the wind constantly blowing through them. Indeed, the beauty of the entire scene can only be compared to the most divinely endowed of feminine countenances, for who else could have created such beauty but the great god of nature himself? My pen strove in vain to equal this superb creation of divine artifice.

Ojima Island where I landed was in reality a peninsula projecting far out into the sea. This was the place where the priest Ungo had once retired, and the rock on which he used to sit for meditation was still there. I noticed a number of tiny cottages scattered among the pine trees and pale blue threads of smoke rising from them. I wondered what kind of people were living in those isolated houses, and was approaching one of them with a strange sense of yearning, when, as if to interrupt me, the moon rose glittering over the darkened sea, completing the full transformation to a night-time scene. I lodged in an inn overlooking the bay, and went to bed in my upstairs room with all the windows open. As I lay there in the midst of the roaring wind and driving clouds, I felt myself to be in a world totally different from the one I was accustomed to. My companion Sora wrote:


Clear voiced cuckoo,
Even you will need
The silver wings of a crane
To span the islands of Matsushima.

I myself tried to fall asleep, supressing the surge of emotion from within, but my excitement was simply too great. I finally took out my notebook from my bag and read the poems given me by my friends at the time of my departure - Chinese poem by Sodo, a waka by Hara Anteki, haiku by Sampu and Dakushi (Jokushi濁子 / 蜀子) , all about the islands of Matsushima.

I went to the Zuiganji temple on the eleventh. This temple was founded by Makabe no Heishiro after he had become a priest and returned from China, and was later enlarged by the Priest Ungo into a massive temple with seven stately halls embellished with gold. The priest I met at the temple was the thirty-second in descent from the founder. I also wondered in my mind where the temple of the much admired Priest Kenbutsu could have been situated.

Tr. by Nobuyuki Yuasa
source : terebess.hu/english


抑ことふりにたれど、松嶋は fuuso 扶桑 第一の好風にして、凡洞庭西湖を恥ず。東南より海を入て、江の中三里、浙江の 湖をたゝふ。嶋／＼の数を尽して、欹ものは天を指、ふすものは波に 葡蔔。あるは二重にかさなり三重に畳みて、左にわかれ右につらなる。負るあり抱るあり、児孫愛すがごとし。松の緑こまやかに、枝葉汐風に吹たはめて、屈曲をのづからためたるがごとし。其景色えう然として美人の顔を粧ふ。ちはや振神のむかし、大山ずみのなせるわざにや。造化の天工、いづれの人か筆をふるひ詞を尽さむ。

雄嶋が磯は地つゞきて海に出たる嶋也。雲居禅師の別室の跡、坐禅石など有。将松の木陰に世をいとふ人も稀／＼見え侍りて、落穂松笠など打けぶりたる草の庵閑に住なし、いかなる人とはしられずながら、先なつかしく立寄ほどに、月海にうつりて昼のながめ又あらたむ。江上に帰りて宿を求れば、窓をひらき二階を作て、風雲の中に旅寝するこそ、あやしきまで妙なる心地はせらるれ。

松嶋や鶴に身をかれほとゝぎす 曾良

予は口をとぢて眠らんとしていねられず。旧庵をわかるゝ時、素堂松嶋の詩あり。原安適松がうらしまの和哥を贈らる。袋を解てこよひの友とす。且杉風濁子が発句あり。

十一日、瑞岩寺に詣。当寺三十二世の昔、真壁の平四郎出家して、入唐帰朝の後開山す。其後に雲居禅師の徳化に依て、七堂甍改りて、金壁荘厳光を輝、仏土成就の大伽藍とはなれりける。彼見仏聖の寺はいづくにやとしたはる。

. Nakagawa Jokushi 中川 濁子 / 蜀子 .


Basho uses Fuso in the Matsushima section. Cid Corman, in his version, has it as Mulberry Land, which might seems odd, but it seems the choice he made is based on a legend, also in China, that the people of Fuso eat mulberry.
. fusooka 扶桑花（ふそうか） .
hibiscus, bussooge 仏桑花 (ぶっそうげ)



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- - - - - Peipei Qiu writes:

Bashô avoids writing a poem on Matsushima, though he praises it as “the most beautiful place in Japan.”
He writes:
“Matsushima must have been made by the Mountain God in the distant past when the deities created the world. Who could capture this heavenly work of zôka with his brush and words?”

This passage reveals that Bashô’s silence before such a magnificent landscape is intended to demonstrate the inadequacy of language in comparison with the creation of zôka.

source : Basho-and-the-Dao- Peipei-Qiu


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Kenbutsu Hijiri 彼見仏聖

Kenbutsu Hijiri built a hermitage on Ojima and practiced austerities there for 12 years. He read the Lotus Sutra repeatedly and was admired by the Emperor Toba. Saigyo was quite fond of this man and came here to visit him and ended up spending three months.
Notes by Yuasa - Terebess

. Hijiri　ひじり【聖】"holy men"　 .


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source :　kibitantan


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natsuyasumi
aa natsuyasumi
natsuyasumi

summer holidays
aa, summer holidays
summer holidays


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Matsushima Seen from Katsura Island (Katsurashima Matsushima)
Kawase Hasui (1883-1957)

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. WKD : Matsushima 松島 .


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Oku Station 22 - Ishinomaki

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- Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - おくのほそ道
The Narrow Road to the Deep North -

. Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - Introduction .

12th day of the fifth month, now June 29

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- - - Station 22 - Ishinomaki 石の巻 Ishi-no-Maki - - -

I left for Hiraizumi on the twelfth. I wanted to see the pine tree of Aneha and the bridge of Odae on my way. So I followed a lonely mountain trail trodden only by hunters and woodcutters, but somehow I lost my way and came to the port of Ishinomaki. The port is located in a spacious bay, across which lay the island of Kinkazan, an old goldmine once celebrated as 'blooming with flowers of gold. There were hundreds of ships, large and small, anchored in the harbor, and countless streaks of smoke continually rising from the houses that thronged the shore. I was pleased to see this busy place, though it was mere chance that had brought me here, and began to look for a suitable place to stay.
Strangely enough however, no one offered me hospitality. After much inquiring, I found a miserable house, and, spending an uneasy night, I wandered out again on the following morning on a road that was totally unknown to me. Looking across to the ford of Sode, the meadow of Obuchi and the pampas-moor of Mano,
I pushed along the road that formed the embankment of a river. Sleeping overnight at Toima, where the long, swampish river came to an end at last, I arrived at Hiraizumi after wandering some twenty miles in two days.


Tr. by Nobuyuki Yuasa
source : terebess.hu/english


十二日、平和泉と心ざし、あねはの松緒だえの橋など聞傳て、人跡稀に雉兎蒭ぜうの往かふ道、そこともわかず、終に路ふみたがえて石の巻といふ湊に出。こがね花咲とよみて奉たる金花山海上に見わたし、数百の廻船入江につどひ、人家地をあらそひて、竃の煙立つゞけたり。思ひがけず斯る所にも来れる哉と、宿からんとすれど、更に宿かす人なし。漸まどしき小家に一夜をあかして、明れば又しらぬ道まよひ行。袖のわたり尾ぶちの牧まのゝ萱はらなどよそめにみて、遥なる堤を行。心細き長沼にそふて、戸伊摩と云所に一宿して、平泉に到る。其間廿余里ほどゝおぼゆ。

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奥の細道: Basho's Narrow Road to a Far Province
Dorothy Britton - Ishi-no-Maki
- source : books.google.co.jp

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Aneha　姉歯の松 Aneha-no-Matsu - Big Sister Pine
Aneha no matsu pine tree of Aneha - is written with the characters for "Elder sister's teeth," whatever that means.
Ise Monogatari makes a reference to "Kurihara no Aneha no matsu."


source : krzo.blog110.fc2.com


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Odae - Odae-bashi - 　緒絶橋　Thong-breaking Bridge
"Odae no hashi" is referred to in a poem by Sakyo Daifu Michinori in the Goshuishu #751:
Michinoku no/ Odae no hashi ya/ korenaramu/ fumimi fumazumi/ kokoro matowasu.
Both this and "Aneha no matsu" mentioned above are utamakura. Although Basho did not actually visit these places he wanted to refer to them as famous poetic sites.


source and more photos :　basyo.okunohosomichi.net

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Ishinomaki　石巻
According to Sora's detailed account it was no accident that they visited Ishinomaki and no fictional account either. The only fiction is the claim that they were lost.




source :　www.bashouan.com

Basho and Sora 日和山公園の芭蕉と曽良の像

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Flowers of gold - kogane hana 黄金花
The blooming flowers of gold refers to a poem by Otomo Iemochi in the Manyoshu #4097:

sumerogi no miyo sakaemu to azuma naru
michinoku yama ni kogane hana saku

すめろぎの、御代（みよ）栄えんと東（あづま）なる、みちのく山に黄金（こがね）花咲く

The story is that in the reign of the Emperor Shomu (749) a tribute of gold was brought to the court from Okushu accompanied by the above poem by Iemochi.

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Mano　真野
There is a whole list of utamakura here; Sode no watari, Obuchi no maki, and mano no kayahara.
Basho was not really lost here, but pretends a poetic confusion in real space to emphasize his familiarity with poetic space. On this last is a famous poem by Lady Kasa in the Manyoshu:

陸奥の真野のかや原遠けども面影にして見ゆといふものを

Michinoku no mano no kayahara toukedomo
omokage ni shite miyu tofu mono o

Far off as the reed-plain of manu
Lies in 'Road's End'
Yet in vision, they say,
It comes near.

Sora says they visited all these places on the 10th rather than on the 12th.


source :　blog.goo.ne.jp/manyou-kikou



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. Japan after the BIG earthquake 2011 .


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Oku Station 23 - Hiraizumi

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- Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - おくのほそ道
The Narrow Road to the Deep North -

. Oku no Hosomichi - 奥の細道 - Introduction .


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Kamisaka Sekka 神坂雪佳 (1866-1942)

- - - Station 23 - Hiraizumi 平泉　 - - -

It was here that the glory of three generations of the Fujiwara family passed away like a snatch of empty dream. The ruins of the main gate greeted my eyes a mile before I came upon Lord Hidehira's mansion, which had been utterly reduced to rice-paddies. Mount Kinkei alone retained its original shape. As I climbed one of the foothills called Takadate, where Lord Yoshitsune met his death, I saw the River Kitakami running through the plains of Nambu in its full force, and its tributary, Koromogawa, winding along the site of the Izumigashiro castle and pouring into the big river directly below my eyes.

The ruined house of Lord Yasuhira was located to the north of the barrier-gate of Koromogaseki, thus blocking the entrance from the Nambu area and forming a protection against barbarous intruders from the north. Indeed, many a feat of chivalrous valor was repeated here during the short span of the three generations, but both the actors and the deeds have long been dead and passed into oblivion. When a country is defeated, there remain only mountains and rivers, and on a ruined castle in spring only grasses thrive. I sat down on my hat and wept bitterly till I almost forgot time.

A thicket of summer grass
Is all that remains
Of the dreams and ambitions
Of ancient warriors.

I caught a glimpse
Of the frosty hair of Kanefusa
Wavering among
The white blossoms of unohana
- written by Sora

The interiors of the two sacred buildings of whose wonders I had often heard with astonishment were at last revealed to me. In the library of sutras were placed the statues of the three nobles who governed this area, and enshrined in the so called Gold Chapel were the coffins containing their bodies, and under the all-devouring grass, their treasures scattered, their jewelled doors broken and their gold pillars crushed, but thanks to the outer frame and a covering of tiles added for protection, they had survived to be a monument of at least a thousand years.

Even the long rain of May
Has left it untouched -
This Gold Chapel
Aglow in the sombre shade.


Tr. by Nobuyuki Yuasa
source : terebess.hu/english


三代の栄耀一睡の中にして、大門の跡は一里こなたに有。秀衡が跡は田野に成て、金鶏山のみ形を残す。先高館にのぼれば、北上川南部より流るゝ大河也。衣川は和泉が城をめぐりて高館の下にて、大河に落入。康衡等が旧跡は衣が関を隔て南部口をさし堅め、夷をふせぐとみえたり。偖も義臣すぐつて此城にこもり、功名一時の叢となる。国破れて山河あり。城春にして草青みたりと笠打敷て、時のうつるまで泪を落し侍りぬ。

夏草や兵どもが夢の跡 - natsukusa ya

卯の花に兼房みゆる白毛かな 曾良 - u no hana ni - Sora

兼て耳驚したる二堂開帳す。経堂は三将の像をのこし、光堂は三代の棺を納め、三尊の仏を安置す。七宝散うせて、珠の扉風にやぶれ、金の柱霜雪に朽て、既頽廃空虚の叢と成べきを、四面新に囲て、甍を覆て風雨を凌。暫時千歳の記念とはなれり。

五月雨の降のこしてや光堂 - samidare no furi nokoshite Hikari Doo


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夏草や兵どもが夢の跡
natsukusa ya tsuwamonodomo ga yume no ato

summer grass -
that's all that remains
of brave warriors' dreams
Tr. Gabi Greve

The "tsuwamono", Yoshitsune, his companion monk Benkei and the Fujiwara clan samurai
義経、弁慶、藤原


MORE - extensive discussion of this hokku
including many translated versions :
. WKD : Brave Warrior (tsuwamono) .


. 源の義経　Minamoto no Yoshitsune (1159 - 1189) .


natsukusa, in my part of Japan, would be the all-encroaching
"summer weeds".

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Summer grasses —
all that remains of soldiers
ancient dreams

Basho stood at Takadashi Castle, recollecting the tragic death of the old soldier Yoshitsune.
Combining this with lines from Tu Fu’s poem A Spring View, which he incorporated into the text of his journal:

The nation broken and defeated
But mountains and rivers remain
Springtime at the old castle, grass deep.

- Tr. and Comment : Bill Wyatt



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五月雨の降りのこしてや光堂
samidare no furi nokoshite Hikari Doo

unchanged by the rain
of many rainy seasons -
the Golden Hall
Tr. Gabi Greve

Hikari doo 光堂 "the Shining Hall"


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quote
Hiraizumi (平泉町, Hiraizumi-chō) is a town located in Nishiiwai District, Iwate, Japan.
It was the home of the Hiraizumi Fujiwaras for about 100 years in the late Heian era and most of the following Kamakura period. At the same time it served as the de facto capital of Oshu, an area containing nearly a third of the Japanese land area. At its height the population of Hiraizumi reached 50,000 or more than 100,000, rivaling Kyoto in size and splendor.

In about 1100, Fujiwara no Kiyohira moved his home from Fort Toyoda in present day Esashi Ward, Oshu City to Mount Kanzan in Hiraizumi.
Kiyohira built the large temple complex on Kanzan known as Chūson-ji 中尊寺 Chuson-Ji.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !


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- - - - - from the diary of Sora, written by Basho


蛍火の昼は消えつつ柱かな
hotarubi no hiru wa kie-tsutsu hashira kana

these pillars
getting paler like fireflies
during the daytime
Tr. Hideo Suzuki


like firefly light at noon
so too fades the luster
of these pillars!
Tr. Dennis Chibi


Written in the fourth lunar month, 元禄2年4月 at the Golden Hall in Hiraizumi.

Basho refers to the chippings of the gold foil at the pillars of the hall.
After enjoying the view in the samidare rain, he went inside and looked closely at the interior decoration in the mid-day gloom.


MORE - - hotaru 蛍 (ほたる) firefly, fireflies -
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

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source :　www.bashouan.com

Painting by Buson 蕪村筆「奥の細道画巻」


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source :　www.iwanichi.co.jp
from a local newspaper in July 2013 - 緑のキャンバスに俳聖くっきり 平泉
Basho and Sora as "field art" 田んぼアート , rice art 「ライス・アート」


. WKD : Rice Field Art 田んぼアート　 tanbo aato .


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