WKD - Matsuo Basho Archives: Search results for Heian

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12/12/2014

MMM

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- M M M -

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. - Medicine, Illness, Doctors - and Basho - .

. Monk, monks and priests 僧 sō, soo .

. - Moto no Mizu もとの水 - 句集 -　A Hokku Collection attributed to Basho in 1787 - .

. - mu 無 emptiness - nothingness - .

. Museums 記念館 Kinenkan in honor of Basho .

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. machi ishi ya yashikigata yori koma mukae . machi-ishi 町医師 *
(autumn) picking up the horses. from a samurai mansion. doctor of the town.

. madonari ni hirune no dai ya takamushiro .
(summer) mat from woven bamboo. sleeping platform by the window

. Mafukuda ga hakama yosou ka tsukuzukushi .
(spring) horsetail. Priest Mafukuda. hakama trousers to wear

- - - - - . maki-e　蒔絵 laquer paintings ### . - - - - -

- - - - - . - makura 草枕 pillow - kusamakura 草枕 pillow stuffed with grass ### . - - - - -
pillow of a traveller

- - - - - . makuwa uri 真桑瓜 Makuwa melon . * - - - - -

- - - - - . manzai 万歳 Manzai performance . * - - - - -

- - - - - . masu 枡　 measuring box . * - - - - -
- - - . masu 升　container for ritual sake . - - - - -

. masu katte funbetsu kawaru tsukimi kana .
(autumn) moon viewing. I bought a measuring box / (masu koote, masu kōte)

. mata koemu Sayo no Nakayama hatsugatsuo .
(summer) first skipjack katsuo bonito. Sayo no Nakayama pass. to cross again

. mata ya tagui Nagara no kawa no ayu namasu .
(summer) Ayu sweetfish. river Nagaragawa, vinegar-pickled fish. once again

. matsu hana ya Toozaburoo ga Yoshinoyama .
(spring) cherry blossoms. shakuhachi player Gichiku 宜竹 Tozaburo. Mount Yoshino

. Matsushima ya aa Matsushima ya Matushima ya .
- famous poem by 狂歌師田原坊 Tawara Bo, often attributed to Basho

- - - - - . - matsu 松 the pine tree - . - - - - -

. matsukaze no ochiba ka mizu no oto suzushi .
(summer) coolness. wind in the pines. sound of water

. matsukaze ya noki o megutte aki kurenu .
(autumn) autumn ends. wind in the pines. swirling around the eaves

. matsu sugi o homete ya kaze no kaoru oto .
- (matsusugi)
(summer) fragrant breeze, sound, pines. Shigure no Matsu 時雨の松
planted by Fujiwara no Sadaie

- - - - - . matsukazari 松飾り "pine decroation" * . - - - - -

. matsutake ya kabureta hodo wa matsu no nari .
(autumn), Matsutake mushroom. ragged. like a pine

. matsutake ya shiranu ko-no-ha no nebaritsuku .
(autumn), Matsutake mushroom. unknown leaf. sticking to it

- - - - -

. mayuhaki o omokage ni shite beni no hana .
(summer) safflower. reminiscent of eyebrow brushes 眉刷毛　

. - - - - - mazu まづ first of all - - - - - .

. mazu iwae ume o kokoro no fuyu-gomori / fuyugomori .
(winter) winter seclusion. celebrating. plum blossoms

. mazu shiru ya Gichiku ga take ni hana no yuki .
(spring) cherry blossoms. shakuhachi player Gichiku 宜竹 Tozaburo.

. mazu tanomu shii no ki mo ari natsu kodachi .
(summer) summer grove. to count on. pasania oak tree

- - - - -

. medetaki hito no kazu ni mo iran oi no kure .
(winter) end of the year. old age. I belong to the lucky one's

- - - - - . meido めいど / 冥土 / 冥途 nether world, world of the dead . * - - - - -

- - - - - . - meigetsu 名月 harvest moon - . - - - - -

. meigetsu ni fumoto no kiri ya ta no kumori .
- fog at the mountain foot

. meigetsu no hana ka to miete wata-batake .
- cotton fields

. meigetsu no midokoro towan tabine sen .
(autumn) moon. let us travel together to see the autumn moon - at Fukui

. meigetsu wa futatsu sugite mo Seta no tsuki .
(autumn) moon. for a second time. moon of Seta

. meigetsu ya chigotachi narabu doo no en .
(autumn) moon. temple acolytes

. meigetsu ya Hokkoku biyori sadame naki .
(autumn) moon. weather in the Northern Region (Tsuruga). uncertain

. meigetsu ya ike o megurite yo mo sugara . yomosugara
(autumn) moon. pond, night

. meigetsu ya mon ni sashi kuru shiogashira .
(autumn) moon. my gate. rising tide

. meigetsu ya tsuru hagi takaki too higata .
(autumn) moon. lower legs of cranes. far tidal flats

. meigetsu ya umi ni mukaeba nana Komachi .
(autumn) moon. the sea.
- remembering the Heian-beauty Ono no Komachi 小野小町

- - - - -

. - - - - - MELON 瓜 uri - - - - - .

- - - - - . men 面　- 能面 Noh mask . * - - - - -

. me ni kakaru toki ya kotosara satsuki Fuji . .
(spring) azalea. Mount Fuji to be seen

. me ni nokoru Yoshino o Seta no hotaru kana .
(summer) fireflies from Seta, Lake Biwa. Yoshino

. meoto jika ya ke ni ke ga soroute ke muzukashi .
(autumn) deer. being difficult. same fur.

. meshi augu kaka ga chisoo ya yuu suzumi .
(summer) evening cool. boiled rice as a treat. old lady or wife

. mezurashi ya yama o Dewa no hatsu nasubi .
(summer) Minden eggplants from Dewa, How special!

- - - - - michi　道 road - - - - -

. michi hososhi sumotorigusa no hana no tsuyu .
(autumn) wire grass. road. dew

. michinobe no mukuge wa uma ni kuwarekeri .
(autumn) rose of sharon. roadside. eaten by a horse

- - - - -

. Mii-dera no mon tatakaba ya kyoo no tsuki .
(autumn) moon, temple Mii-dera　三井寺.to knock

. mikazuki ni chi wa oboro ya soba no hana .
(autumn) buckwheat blossoms. moon
. . . almost the same as
. mikazuki no chi wa oboro nari soba no hana .
(autumn) buckwheat blossoms. moon
三日月に地は朧なり蕎麦の花 mikazuki ni
三日月の地はおぼろ也蕎麦の花 mikazuki no
三日月や地はおぼろなる蕎麦畠 mikazuki ya chi wa oboro naru soba batake

- - - - -

. mina idete hashi o itadaku shimoji kana .
(winter) frosty road. all come out to enjoy the new bridge

. mina ogame Futami no shime o toshi no kure .
(winter) end of the year. please all, worship this ! the sacred rope of Futamigaura Beach

- - - - -

. minazuki wa fukubyoo yami no atsusa kana .
(summer) Minazuki sixth lunar month (July). great heat, time for stomach illness

. minazuki ya tai wa aredomo shiokujira .
(summer) Minazuki sixth lunar month (July). sea bream. salted whale meat

- - - - -

. mi ni shimite daikon karashi aki no kaze .
(autumn) autumn wind. penetrates my body. pungent radish

- - - - - . mino 蓑 straw raincoat . * - - - - -

. minomushi no ne o kiki ni koyo kusa no io .
(autumn) voice of the bagworm. grass hut /　蓑虫 *

. miokuri no ushiro ya sabishi aki no kaze .
(autumn) autumn wind. I see you off. lonely. (for Okada Yasui 岡田野水)

. miru ni ga mo oreru bakari zo ominaeshi .
(autumn) maiden flower (Patrinia scabiosaefolia). I will also break my vows.
(remembering Soojoo Henjoo 僧正遍照 Sojo Henjo)

- - - - - . misogi 御祓 summer purification . * - - - - -

. misokazuki nashi chitose no sugi o daku arashi .
(autumn) no moon. ancient cedar. storm (at Ise shrine)

. miyamori yo waga na o chirase konohagawa . - miyamori 宮守 * / miyamori yo waga na o chirase ochibagawa
(winter) fallen leaves. shrine warden. scatter my name in the river

. mizu no oku himuro tazunuru yanagi kana .
(summer) ice cellar. source of the water. willow trees. (at Ooishida 大石田 Oishida)

- - - - - . mizu no oto - 水の音　the famous OLD POND . - - - - -

. mizu mukete ato toi tamae doomyooji .
(summer) Temple Domyo-Ji cold rice 道明寺. offering water. console the spirit

. mizu samuku ne-iri kanetaru kagome kana .
(winter) cold water and sea gull. it can not go to sleep

. mizutori ya koori no soo no kutsu no oto .
mizutori ya / kōri no sō no / kutsu no oto
(spring) O-Mizutori ceremony, Nara. monks in retreat. sound of wooden clogs

. mizu-umi ya atsusa o oshimu kumo no mine .
(summer) heat. lake (Biwako). billowing clouds

. - Miyako 都 / みやこ / Kyooto 京都 Kyoto, Kyo -　 .

- - - - - . mochi 餅 rice cakes ### . - - - - -

. mochi-bana ya kazashi ni saseru yome ga kimi /mochibana 餅花 . *
(New Year) "mochi flower" decorations. first mouse

. mochi o yume ni ori musubu shida no kusa makura .
(New Year) fern. rice cakes in a dream. grass pillow

. mochiyuki o shira-ito to nasu yanagi kana .
(winter) snow like mochi. white stripes. willow
- - - - -

- - - - - . momi suru 籾する hulling rice, polishing rice . * - - - - -
- - - - - Momi suru Oto 籾する音 The Sound of Hulling Rice

. momo tose no keshiki o niwa no ochiba kana / momotose .
(autumn) fallen leaves. hundred years. landscape. garden

. mon ni ireba sotetsu ni ran no nioi kana .
(autumn) orchid. when I enter the gate. Sotetsu palm. fragrance. (at Ise Shrine)

- - - - - mono 物 something - - - - -

. mono hitotsu waga yo wa karoki hisago kana .
(summer) gourd flowers, just one possession

. monohoshi ya fukuro no uchi no tsuki to hana .
I desire the large sack of Hotei

. mono ieba kuchibiru samushi aki no kaze .
(autumn) autumn wind. my lips are cold. when I speak.

. mono kakite oogi hikisaku nagori kana .
(summer) handfan. I write a poem. to leave things behind
for Tachibana Hokushi 立花北枝

- - - - -

. mononofu no daikon nigaki hanashi kana .
(winter) radish. samurai gathering. bitter

. moroki hito ni tatoen hana mo natsu no kana .
(summer) summer. wild fields. a delicate child. (For Yasukawa Rakugo 安川落梧 - )

- - - - - . mugi 麦 barley and wheat . - - - - -

. mugimeshi ni yatsururu koi ka neko no tsuma .
(spring) cats in love. wheat gruel. loosing weight

. mugi no ho o tayori ni tsukamu wakare kana .
mugi no ho o chikara ni tsukamu wakare kana
(summer) barley. I clutch to support myself. parting with friends

. mugi no ho ya namida ni somete naku hibari .
(spring) voice of the skylark. ears of barley tinted in tears

- - - - -

. mugura sae wakaba wa yasashi yabure ie .
(spring) new leaves. Mugura cleavers. a dilapidated house

. mukashi kike Chichibu dono sae sumootori .
(autumn) sumo wrestling. listen to old stories! Lord of Chichibu

- - - - -

. Musashino ya issun hodo na shika no koe .
(autumn) voice of the deer. Musashino plain. reaches about one sun

. Musashino ya sawaru mono naki kimi ga kasa .
(no kigo) Musashino plain. to interfere with your traveler's hat

- - - - -

- - - - - . mushiro 筵 takamushiro 簟　bamboo floor mat to sleep on . - - - - -

. muzan ya na kabuto no shita no kirigirisu .
(autumn) grasshopper. How pityful! helmet. grashopper
in memory of the helmet of Saito Sanemori 斉藤実盛, Tada Shrine

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11/06/2012

chagayu is used in a variety of cooking, such as Chagayu Kaiseki and Chagayu Bento. It is a simple dish, made of rice, water and tea such as Hojicha or roast tea. As simple as it is, Chagayu is quite popular in Nara due to its refreshing flavor and the way it slips easily down the throat.

. WKD : chagayu 大和の茶がゆ　rice gruel cooked with tea. .
from Nara - Tee-Reisbrei

Naracha, short for Naracha meshi 奈良茶飯 or Narachagayu 奈良茶粥 , rice gruel of the Nara area, especially at the temples Todai-Ji and Kofuku-Ji. It also contained soybeans and tofu. It was a kind of "fast food" and especially popular during the Meireki period of 1655 -1658.

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NARACHA ... 奈良茶

Matsuo Basho was very fond of Naracha.
It was served to him even in Obanazawa, Yamagata.

He used to tell his students:

なら荼三石喰ふて後はじめて俳諧の意味を知るべし

After having eaten three bowls of Naracha,
you will know the real taste of a haikai meeting.

This means that we should meet with our haikai friends, share food and drink and a good talk and write poetry together, not alone.

侘びてすめ月侘斎が奈良茶歌　
侘びて澄め月侘斎が奈良茶歌
wabite sume tsuki wabisai ga Naracha uta Tsukiwabisai, Tsuki-Wabisai

"live austere and clear!”
Moongazer’s recluse
drinking song
Tr. Barnhill

Live poor! be bright!
Moongazer sings
a song of Nara gruel
Tr. Shirane

Written in 延宝9年, Basho age 38

and a waka by Ariwara no Yukihira 在原行平 (818 - 893)

わくらばに問ふ人あらば須磨の浦に
藻塩たれつつ侘ぶと答へよ

wakuraba ni tou hito araba Suma no Ura ni
moshio taretsutsu wabu to kotae yo

If, by any chance
someone should ask after me,
answer that I pine,
weeping as salt seaweed drips
on the beach of Suma.
Tr. Helen Craig McCullough

. WKD : moshio, mojio 藻塩 Salt with seaweed .

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source :　www.intweb.co.jp/basyou_fukagawa
Basho's wabi home in Fukagawa - 詫びてすめ wabite sume

芭蕉忌や我俳諧の奈良茶飯
bashooki ya waga haikai no nara chameshi

Basho Memorial Day -
for our haikai meeting
rice gruel from Nara

. Masaoka Shiki 正岡子規 . 　　

. WKD : Hokku and Haikai 　　発句と俳諧 and Basho .

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- quote
Origin of Ochazuke
Most Japanese people love Ochazuke, which is served with bowl of rice and different toppings on top, and then poured hot green tea at last. Typical toppings are different kind of vegetable pickles and seaweed. However, some places, flying fish, bonito, mackerel, salmon and bream are also used as toppings for Ochazuke. In Shizuoka prefecture, grilled eel is used as a topping and it is called "Unacha" and it is a famous specialty of Shizuoka prefecture.

The origins of Ochazuke is still unknown. However, in Heian era, there was a meal called "yuzuke", which is a bowl of rice and hot water poured on top. Yuzuke was also introduced in the record of a formal banquet during the Muromachi era. Ochazuke might be a alternative of this "yuzuke". Also, in the recipe book which was published in early Edo era called "Ryori monogatari (Story of the meals)", a kind of meal used tea "Naracha" was introduced.
Naracha was more like a porridge combined rice, chestnut, or potates with tea. It is also possible that Ochazuke was made to be an instant version of this kind of food using tea.

In ancient China, tea was widely used as a food. Even now in China, tea as a food still exists and eaten by minority groups. This tells that tea was originally not used only for drinking, but also for as a food. Ochazuke might be a reminder of the ancient tradition of using tea.
- source : Yoichiro Nakamura

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「茶の湯俳句会」 Tea Ceremony Haiku Meeting
In Ogaki City, in memory of Matsuo Basho and Furuta Oribe
大垣市芭蕉生誕360年祭

. Basho - - - Station 43 - 大垣 Ogaki - - - .

. WKD : Basho and the Tea Ceremony - 茶の湯 .

. WKD : Wabi and Sabi - 侘び　寂び .

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. WKD : chagayu 大和の茶がゆ　rice gruel cooked with tea. .

. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .

. - KIGO used by Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - .

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14/06/2012

kami - Shinto deities

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- kami 神 Shinto deities -

How to translate KAMI?
It may be one or more. In a Shinto shrine, more than one deity is usually enshrined.

In Japan, a variety of deities are known, usually peacefully side by side, starting with ancient animistic believes of "Gods of Mountains, Waterfalls, Rocks" and so on, leading to the concept of KAMI in Shintoism and later the influence of Buddhism with its manyfold HOTOKE.

Christianity came with the Portugese Missionaries, so we have
Deus sama デウスさま
Jesus, Iesu sama イエスさま
(the pronounciacion GODDO ゴッド is seldom used when talking about God.)

God of Christianity キリスト教の神 (kirisutokyo no kami)

To distinguish the Christian God, with a capital letter, from the other gods of other religions,
we can use the capital G !
In German, we can distinguish between Gott and Gottheiten, deities.

. WKD - Japanese deities (kami to hotoke) and haiku .

. WKD : Introducing Japanese Deities .

- - - - -

quote
Bashô is concerned with God
as he sees himself in the mind of the poet before flowers and fields.
. . .

The rice-pounder,
Cooling himself by the convolvulus flowers,—
A sight of pathos.

The rice-pounder is exhausted, and sits in the shade mopping his brow. Along the fence the convolvulus flowers are blooming because of and in spite of the heat. The half-obliviousness of the flowers on the part of the man, and the complete obliviousness on the part of the flowers, gives Bashō a feeling which, like God, is nameless.
source : R. H. Blyth on Bashō

under construction
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半日は神を友にや年忘れ
hanjitsu wa kami o tomo ni ya toshi wasure

half a day
I spent in the company of these deities -
year-end party

half a day
I spent in the company of the Kami gods -
year-end party

half a day
in the company of the Kami gods -
year-end party
Tr. Gabi Greve

Written in 1690 元禄3年, Basho age 47
Basho spent the last day of the year with the priest Ogurusu Yuugen 小栗栖祐玄 Yugen
at the shrine Kami Goryoo Jinja 上御霊神社 in Kurama, Kyoto.
This shrine houses a lot of Japanese deities.

. WKD : Kami Goryoo Jinja 上御霊神社 Upper Goryo Shrine .

for half a day,
companions to the gods -
setting the year off
Tr. Barnhill

for half a day
my friend turns into a god
end-of-the-year party
Tr. Chèvrefeuille

For half a day long,
We have a god as our friend
In our year-end party!
Tr. Oseko

A Basho Haiku Sweet 芭蕉俳諧 by Kikyo san, Iga Ueno
source : kikyou0123

. WKD : toshi wasure 年忘 "forget the old year" .

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神垣や思ひもかけず涅槃像
. kamigaki ya omoi mo kakezu Nehanzoo .
the "fence of the Gods" at Ise Shrine 伊勢神宮
and the statue of Buddha lying down to die

quote
This was composed at the Ise Shrines, on the 15th day of the Second Month, and Bashō is expressing his surprise (and pleasure) at something which, however much sanctioned by ancient custom, is still astonishing, namely, the fusion of Shintō and Buddhism. This amalgamation took place at the beginning of the 9th century a.d., when the Shington Sect developed the doctrine of Ryōbu-Shintō,1 or Shimbutsu-Kongō2 by which the gods of Shintō were recognised as manifestations or incarnations of the Buddhist divinities.
source : Blyth on Basho

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この松の実生えせし代や神の秋
. kono matsu no mibae seshi yo ya kami no aki .
Autumn of the Gods - at Kashima Shrine 鹿島神宮

都出でて神も旅寝の日数哉　
. miyako idete kami mo tabine no hikazu kana .
sharing nights on the road with the gods .
Hiyoshi Shrine 日吉大社 Hiyoshi taisha

なほ見たし花に明け行く神の顔
. nao mitashi hana ni ake yuku kami no kao .
"the face of God" - the deity Hitokotonushi 一言主

留守のまに荒れたる神の落葉哉
. rusu no ma ni aretaru kami no ochiba kana .
the "Gods are absent", the 10th lunar month, when the Gods assemble at Izumo

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月に名を包みかねてや痘瘡の神
. tsuki ni na o tsutsumi kanete ya imo no kami .
Imo no Kami 痘瘡の神 God of Smallpox - a pun with Imo Meigetsu moon

. WKD special : The Deity of Smallpox .

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source :keifusa.exblog.jp
Tenmangu shrine at Hoofu, Yamaguchi 防府の天満宮

我も神のひさうや仰ぐ梅の花
ware mo kami no hisoo ya aogu ume no hana

me too I look up
to god - in the blue sky -
these plum blossoms
Tr. Gabi Greve

Written in 1676 延宝4年, Basho age 33
The cut marker YA is in the middle of line 2, but lines 1 and two are one sentence
ware mo kami no hisoo o aogu

There are two kanji for HISO : 秘蔵 and 彼蒼

秘蔵 refers to the "secret storehouse" of the Tenmangu shrine in honor of Sugawara Michizane.

彼蒼 refers to the "sky" in an old poem in the collection
Kanke Kooshuu 菅家後集 Kanke kōshū from the Heian period, about 903,
with poems of Sugawara no Michizane 菅原道真.

Here Michizane writes about his feelings on the way to exile in Dazaifu,
having left his home three or four months ago.
It still feels like a dream when he looks at the blue sky.

家を離れて三四月落涙百千行万事皆夢の如し
時々彼蒼＜ひそう＞を仰ぐ

Ça fait trois ou quatre mois que je suis parti de chez moi
Je verse des larmes de cent ou mille lignes
Tout ce qui est arrivé, c'est comme une rêve
Je me lève souvent les yeux au ciele bleu
(Le ciel bleu connaît son inocence et il ne peut dire sa tristesse sauf au ciel ...)
source :　ameblo.jp/yubazzz

. Michizane and the Plum Blossoms .

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Basho speaks paradoxically about how the gods have motivated his decision to travel. He refers to two types of gods.

The first is Sozorogami, the other are the Dosojin.

Vom Kofferpacken und dem Gott des Fernwehs.

sozorogami そぞろ神 / そヾろ神 / 漫ろ神
suzurugami すずろがみ / 漫神
sowasowa no kami　そわそわの神
. WKD : Aruki-gami 歩行神 God of Wandering .

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. WKD - Japanese deities (kami to hotoke) .

. Shinto Shrines visited by Basho .

. Buddhist Temples visited by Basho .
and hokku with HOTOKE.

. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .

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06/06/2012

Nakayama, Sayo no Nakayama

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- Nakayama 佐夜の中山 Sayo no Nakayama -

Sayo no Nakayama - Saya no Nakayama 小夜の中山」(佐夜の中山)
A dangerous pass of the Tokaido Road in Shizuoka.
A place famous for poems by Saigyo.

. 東海道五十三次 53 stations of the Tokaido Road .

Nissaka-juku 日坂宿 Nissaka shuku
was the twenty-fifth of the fifty-three stations of the Tōkaidō. It is located in what is now part of the city of Kakegawa, Shizuoka.
Nissaka-shuku was located at the western entrance to
Sayo no Nakayama (小夜の中山), regarded as one of the three difficult mountain passes along the Tōkaidō.

The classic ukiyoe print by Ando Hiroshige (Hoeido edition) from 1831-1834 depicts travellers on a steep road in forbidding dark mountains contemplating a large boulder in the road.
The stone was a noted landmark on Tōkaidō called
the "Night weeping stone" 夜泣き石 yonaki ishi.
According to legend, the bandits attacked and murdered a pregnant woman on this spot. After she died, a passing priest heard the stone call out for him to rescue the surviving infant.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Saigyo wrote:

年たけてまた越ゆべしと思ひきや
いのちなりけり小夜の中山

toshi takete mata koyubeshi to omoiki ya
inochi narikeri Sayo no Nakayama

Weary of years,
Yet I find myself
Climbing once again
The Pass of the Crying Stone -
How wonderful life is!
Tr. Tito

Basho wrote:

命なりわづかの笠の下涼み
. inochi nari wazuka no kasa no shita suzumi .
Oh Life!
in memory of Saigyo

. - inochi 命 life, to be alive - .
this is the keyword for Saigyo.

. Basho and Saigyo　芭蕉 - 西行 .

under construction
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忘れずば佐夜の中山にて涼め
wasurezuba Sayo no Nakayama nite suzume

Don't forget
at Sayo no Nakayama
it will get cooler!

Written in 1684 貞亨元年.
His friend and disciple, Matsuyaya Fuubaku 松葉屋風爆; Fubaku left Edo to go back to Ise.
This is a "good bye" poem 餞別句.
"And don't forget to write a poem when it gets cooler at Sayo no Nakayama!"

. Matsubaya Fuubaku 松葉屋風瀑 Fubaku and Ise .

MORE about coolness
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

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又越む佐夜の中山はつ松魚　　
. mata koemu Sayo no Nakayama hatsugatsuo .
cross it again to eat first katsuo skipjack

. Nozarashi Kiko　野ざらし紀行 .

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中山や越路も月はまた命
Nakayama ya Koshi ji mo tsuki wa mata inochi

Oh Nakayama !
on the road of Koshi the moon
is life too

Written on the 14th day of the 8th lunar month 1689. (Now September 27)
Basho wrote this when he reached Tsuruga on his trip in Oku no Hosomichi, on the full moon night of autumn.
He remembers Saigyo and his poem, because the moon that night on the pass had been so overwhelming.

The "middle of the mountains" Nakayama, in Koshi was a pass called
Kinome tooge 木目峠 / 木ノ芽峠 Kinome Toge.
After climbing this pass, Basho reached Tsuruga Town.
The pass is 700 meters high. At the top three is still now a gate house from the Edo period, when the pass was the border between Echizen and Wakasa.

Koshiji, Koshi-Ji 越路, the Road to Koshi, an old name to the road toward Hokuriku 北陸道.

This pass had been crossed by many famous people since the Heian period., for example
西行 Saigyo, Taira no Koremori 平惟盛、Kiso Yoshinaka 木曽義仲、Shinran, 親鸞、Dogen 道元, Nitta Yoshisada 新田義貞, monk Rennyo 蓮如, the Asakura clan 朝倉一族, Oda Nobunaga 織田信長, Toyotomi Hideyoshi 豊臣秀吉 and many more.

It is a famous place to our day, with guided tours during the holiday season.

Oku no Hosomichi　奥の細道 - - - Station 41 - Tsuruga 敦賀 - - -
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

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source : facebook

Hisaka manhole cover　日阪 Nissaka

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. Gengoroogitsune 源五郎狐 The Fox Gengoro .
was killed at this pass.

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. 東海道五十三次 53 stations of the Tokaido Road .

. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .

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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
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14/11/2012

Oku Station 37 - Natadera

- - - Station 37 - Natadera 那谷寺 - - -

On my way to Yamanaka hot spring, the white peak of Mount Shirane overlooked me all the time from behind. At last I came to the spot where there was a temple hard by a mountain on the left. According to the legend, this temple was built to enshrine Kannon, the great goddess of mercy, by the Emperor Kazan, when he had finished his round of the so-called Thirty- three Sacred Temples, and its name Nata was compounded of Nachi and Tanigumi, the first and last of these temples respectively. There were beautiful rocks and old pines in the garden, and the goddess was placed in a thatched house built on a rock. Indeed, the entire place was filled with strange sights.

Whiter far
Than the white rocks
Of the Rock Temple
The autumn wind blows.

I enjoyed a bath in the hot spring whose marvelous properties had a reputation of being second to none, except the hot spring of Ariake.

Bathed in such comfort
In the balmy spring of Yamanaka,
I can do without plucking
Life-preserving chrysanthemums

The host of the inn was a young man named Kumenosuke. His father was a poet and there was an interesting story about him: one day, when Teishitsu (later a famous poet in Kyoto but a young man then) came to this place, he met this man and suffered a terrible humiliation because of his ignorance of poetry, and so upon his return to Kyoto, he became a student of Teitoku and never abandoned his studies in poetry till he had established himself as an independent poet. It was generally believed that Teishitsu gave instruction in poetry free of charge to anyone from this village throughout his life. It must be admitted, however, that this is already a story of long ago.

My companion, Sora, was seized by an incurable pain in his stomach. So he decided to hurry, all by himself, to his relatives in the village of Nagashima in the province of Ise. As he said good-bye he wrote:

No matter where I fall
On the road
Fall will I to be buried
Among the flowering bush-clovers.

I felt deeply in my heart both the sorrow of one that goes and the grief of one that remains, just as a solitary bird separated from his flock in dark clouds, and wrote in answer:

From this day forth, alas,
The dew-drops shall wash away
The letters on my hat
Saying 'A party of two.'

Tr. by Nobuyuki Yuasa
source : terebess.hu/english

那谷 Nata
山中の温泉に行ほど、白根が嶽跡にみなしてあゆむ。左の山際に観音堂あり。花山の法皇三十三所の順礼とげさせ給ひて後、大慈大悲の像を安置し給ひて那谷と名付給ふとや。那智谷組の二字をわかち侍しとぞ。奇石さま％＼に古松植ならべて、萱ぶきの小堂岩の上に造りかけて、殊勝の土地也。

石山の石より白し秋の風 Ishiyama no ishi yori shiroshi

山中 Yamanaka
温泉に浴す。其功有明に次と云。

山中や菊はたおらぬ湯の匂 Yamanaka ya kiku o taoranu yu no nioi

あるじとする物は久米之助とていまだ小童也。かれが父誹諧を好み、洛の貞室若輩のむかし爰に来りし比、風雅に辱しめられて、洛に帰て貞徳の門人となつて世にしらる。功名の後、此一村判詞の料を請ずと云。今更むかし語とはなりぬ。

曾良は腹を病て、伊勢の国長嶋と云所にゆかりあれば、先立て行に、

行行てたふれ伏とも萩の原 - yukiyukite taore-fusu tomo hagi no hara
曾良 Sora

と書置たり。行ものゝ悲しみ残ものゝうらみ隻鳧のわかれて雲にまよふがごとし。予も又

今日よりや書付消さん笠の露 kyoo yori ya kakitsuke kesan kasa no tsuyu

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source :　facebook

Natadera 石川県小松市那谷町ユ122 Komatsu, Ishikawa

- Homepage of the temple
- source : www.natadera.com

- quote -
The origins of Natadera
Natadera has its principal deities the Eleven-headed Thousand-Armed Kannon(Sanskrit:Avalokitesvara), the Hakusan Myori-daigongen(Engulish:the Supreme Power of Hakusan), and the natural rocky mountain caves, has worshipped both gods and Buddha from it's beginnings.
Taicho brought the teachings of Jinenchi from the heart of the Yoshino mountains, and founded the temple in the beginning of the Nara Period, in the first year of the Yoro Era(717 C.E.), calling it Iwaya-dera.
The name was changed to Natadera by the emperor Kazan, who ruled during the Heian Period. In his later years, Kazan often stayed at the temple, and designed the gardens to resemble the Fudaraku mountain of the Pure Land on which lives Kannon (Skt:Sukhavati.)
- source : www.natadera.com/en -

. Kazan Tenno 花山天皇 (968 - 1008) .

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山中や菊はたおらぬ湯の匂
Yamanaka ya kiku o taoranu yu no nioi

Yamanaka -
no need to pluck chrysanthemums:
the fragrance of these springs
Tr. Barnhill

今日よりや書付消さん笠の露
kyoo yori ya kakitsuke kesan kasa no tsuyu

from this day forth -
the inscription washed away
by the dew on my hat
Tr. Barnhill

Read the text of Barnhill here
source : books.google.co.jp

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今日よりや書付消さん笠の露
kyoo yori ya kakitsuke kesan kasa no tsuyu

From today on
I'll keep the inscription erased
dew hat.
Tr. Aitken

from this very day
cancel out the inscription
bamboo peaked hat's dew
Tr. Corman / Kamaike

MORE - hokku about - kasa 笠　hat - by
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

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quote from Will Aitken
The Kakusan Gorge is so beautiful, the air so clear, the birdsong so piercing, there's an air of unreality about this walk, as though it exists outside of time.

In a way it does, because people come from all over the world to this isolated peninsula in northern Honshu, a three-hour train ride from Tokyo, to stroll this path and to view the same landscape that Basho, one of Japan's greatest and most influential poets, first visited in 1689. He bathed at a mineral springs in Yamanaka Onsen, the village at the end of this walk, and afterward wrote these lines:

After bathing for hours
In Yamanaka's waters
I couldn't even pick a flower.
Tr. Will Aitken

- snip -
For a poet noted for the stark simplicity of his lines, Basho led a tumultuous life.
. . . . And as for his humble ways, he and Sora usually stayed, not in picturesque huts where they shared frugal meals, but instead lived well in the villas of wealthy merchant-class patrons along the way.

MORE
source : Will Aitken

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Matsuo Basho took a break from his "Narrow Road to the Deep North" Journey and stayed at a Ryokan named "Izumiya" in Yamanaka Onsen from July 27th (September 10th on the solar calendar) to August 5th of Genroku 2 (1689).
During the nine days, Basho visited the Shrine of the Healing Buddha, spent a relaxing time at the hot spring, and enjoyed the magnificent landscape of Yamanaka Onsen thoroughly.
Later he praised Yamanaka Onsen as one fo the three best hot springs in Japan.

Afterwards Matsuo Basho recited a haiku:
"Yamanaka ya Kiku wa taoraji Yu no nihoi".
This haiku means that Yamanaka Onsen can give one longevity and "after going into Yamanaka Onsen's hot spring water, you don't even need to drink the dew of the chrysanthenum of eternal youth that is collected by the Chinese Chrysanthenum Fairies.".

"Gyoki, Nobutsura, Rennyo, Basho" are worshipped as the "Four Sages" of Yamanaka Onsen since ancient times and are respected even now as the persons who built the foundation of Yamanaka Onsen.

Gyoki was the monk who discovered Yamanaka Onsen during Nara Era, and Nobutsura Hasebe was the Lord of Noto who revived this hot spring which was lying derelict.
The eminent monk Rennyo also left numerous legends behind him during his visit to the Yamanaka Onsen.

The Four Sages were deeply connected with Yamanaka in different eras; and with 1300 years of history, visitors can still feel the rich culture in this Onsen District along with the constantly flowing hot springs that emerges from underground.
source : www.yamanaka-spa.or.jp

Basho also wrote this hokku

かがり火（いさり火）にかじかや波の下むせび
漁り火に鰍や浪の下むせび
isaribi ni kajika ya nami no shita musebi
kagaribi ni . . .

by the fish-luring fires
a bullhead - under the waves
sobbing
Tr. Gabi Greve

Written in 1689 元禄2年7月.

In Yamanaka Hot spring there are 10 specialities, one of them the "Takase fish-luring fires" 高瀬の漁火".

. WKD : bullhead, kajika 鰍 (かじか) .
Cottus pollux or Synanceja verrucosa and Syanaceja horrida

Fires to lure fish have been used in Japan since olden times:

yozuribi 夜釣火（よづりび） light (bonfire) for night fishing
yotaki 夜焚 (よたき) bonfire at night
yotakibune 夜焚舟（よたきぶね） boat with a bonfire or light
To lure the fish at sea, for example octopus.

. WKD : Fishing in Summer .

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湯の名残り幾度見るや霧のもと
yu no nagori iku tabi miru ya kiri no moto

leaving the hot springs,
looking back how many times —
beneath the mist
Tr. Barnhill

leaving the hot springs:
looking back how many times,
searching thruogh the mist
Tr. Chilcott

leaving this hot spring
I look back so many times -
it is all in fog
- or -
leaving this hot spring
I look back so many times -
all in a fog
Tr. Gabi Greve

Basho wrote this and the following hokku as a parting gift for the owner of the hot spring lodging where he had stayed.

The cut marker YA is at the end of line 2.

. WKD : kiri 霧 (きり) fog (in autumn) .
kasumi　霞　mist (in spring)

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湯の名残り今宵は肌の寒からん
湯の名残今宵は肌の寒からむ
yu no nagori koyoi wa hada no samukaran

leaving the hot-springs:
tonight my skin
will be cool
Tr. Barnhill

leaving the hot springs:
tonight my skin will feel so
very cool, so cool
Tr. Chilcott

. WKD : hada samu 肌寒 "the skin feels cold" .
kigo for autumn

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source :　en.wikipedia.org

Basho and Sora parting at Yamanaka Onsen　山中温泉

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Yamanaka laquer ware　山中漆器
wood carved into simple forms with a layer of laquer to keep it usable for a long time.

. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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14/06/2012

Kiso Nagano

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- Kiso　木曽 / 木曾 -

Kiso Mountains (木曽山脈 Kiso Sanmyaku)
are a mountain range in Nagano and Gifu prefectures in Japan. They are also called the Central Alps (中央アルプス, Chūō Arupusu?) and they combine with the Hida Mountains ("Northern Alps") and the Akaishi Mountains ("Southern Alps") to form a group collectively known as the Japanese Alps.

The Kiso River (木曽川 Kiso-gawa)
is a river in Japan roughly 193 km long, flowing through the prefectures of Nagano, Gifu, Aichi, and Mie before emptying into Ise Bay a short distance away from the city of Nagoya.[1] It is the main river of the Kiso Three Rivers (along with Ibi and Nagara rivers) and forms a major part of the Nōbi Plain. The valley around the upper portion of the river forms the Kiso Valley.

Parts of the Kiso River are sometimes referred to as the Japan Rhine because of its similarities to the Rhine in Europe.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !

The Sixty-nine Stations of the Kisokaido - Kiso Kaidoo　木曽街道　Kiso Kaido －
by Hiroshige
- Reference -

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木曽の栃浮世の人のみやげかな
木曽の橡浮世の人の土産かな
Kiso no tochi ukiyo no hito no miyage kana

chestnuts from Kiso
as souvenirs for those
of the floating world . . .

quote
(Basho's) account of the journey along the Kiso Road is so cursory that we are hardly given a place-name to help us identify Basho's course, but this may be because he traveled very quickly, in order to reach Obasuteyama before the night of the full moon.

This hokku has the cut marker KANA at the end of line 3.

Matsuo Basho traveling along the
. Nakasendoo　中山道 The Nakasendo Road .

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The Hanging Bridge at Kiso 木曽の架け橋　/ 木曽のかけはし　Kiso no Kakehashi
長野県木曽郡上松町北上条 Nagano,

桟はしや命をからむ蔦かつら
桟や命をからむ蔦葛
kakehashi ya inochi o karamu tsuta katsura
(sanbashi ya)

this plank bridge -
the tsuta and katsura vines
coil their lives

This was an old fragile bridge in the times of Basho, at the Nakasendo, Agematsu juku　上松塾.
The Kakehashi from Kiso 木曽の桟（かけはし）
It was one of the most dangerous places on the old road, along with
Atsuta no watashi 太田のわたし　river corssing at Atsuta
and
Usui Tooge 碓氷峠 Usui pass.

Hiroshige Ando 1797-1858
Agematsu　上松

. WKD - tsuta and katsura vines .

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桟やまづ思ひ出づ馬迎へ
kakehashi ya mazu omoi-izu uma mukae

this hanging bridge -
the first thing that comes to mind
is the meeting of the tribute horses

. WKD : koma mukae 駒迎え（こまむかえ）"picking up the horses" .
aki no komabiki 秋の駒牽 selecting horses in autumn
koma mukae 駒迎え（こまむかえ）"picking up the horses"
"going to meet the tribute horses"
..... koma mukai こまむかい
hikiwakezukai 引分使（ひきわけづかい）
mochizuki no koma 望月の駒 - horses in the full moon month
Kirihara no koma 霧原の駒 - horses in the misty plains of Kirihara, Nagano

kigo for mid-autumn

This is an old custom since the Heian period, on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month.
An official from the court comes to pick up the horses (mukae, mukai) at Kirihara, from the various horse breeding regions. He comes up to this bridge to meet the horses and has them handed over to bring to the court.

Kobayashi Issa also has some hokku about this custom, see the link above.

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更科紀行 Sarashina　Kiko
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

Sake with the name "Kiso no Kakehashi"

- Reference - Ito Yo -

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憂き人の旅にも習へ木曾の蠅
憂き人の旅にも習へ木曽の蝿
ukihito no tabi ni mo narae Kiso no hae

learn from the journey
of a sorrowing wayfarer:
flies of Kiso
Tr. Barnhill

Written in 元禄6年5月6日, Basho age 50.
This was a poem written for his disciple Kyoroku (Kyoriku) 許六, who left for his trip

ukihito 憂き人 refers to a person with elegant sentiments and feelings for poetry.
Traveling in the hot, sweltering summer is always unpleasant in Japan, with great humidity and plenty of moskitoes, flies and other insects. Even though, for a man of fuuga 風雅, it is an experience to write a poem.

On the same day, Basho also wrote for the same occasion:

旅人の心にも似よ椎の花
tabibito no kokoro ni mo niyo shii no hana

MORE about traveling with
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

. - Morikawa Kyoroku / Kyoriku 森川許六 - .

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思ひ出す木曾や四月の桜狩
omoidasu / Kiso ya shigatsu no / sakura-gari

思ひ立つ木曽や四月の桜狩り
omoitatsu Kiso ya shigatsu no sakuragari

I am ready for
Kiso - hunting for cherry blossoms
in the fourth month

Written in the third lunar month of 1687 貞亨2年3月, when he was in Owari 尾張 near Nagoya.

omoitatsu 思ひ立つ brings out his resolve to start the trip to Kiso soon.
omoidasu 思ひ出す would imply that Basho had seen them before and is remembering the spring in Kiso.
The cut marker YA is in the middle of line 2.

Nozarashi Kiko 野ざらし紀行
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

. Basho and the Cherry Blossoms .

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. WKD : Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 in Edo .

木曽路行ていざ年寄らん秋ひとり
kiso-ji yukite iza toshi-yoran aki hitori

Following Kiso Road
I shall become aged
alone in autumn.
Tr. Sawa/ Shiffert

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Walking the Kiso Road - William Scott Wilson
- source : Japanese Literature - facebook -

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. Places visited by Matsuo Basho .

. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .

. - KIGO used by Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - .

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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
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01/06/2012

Yamashiro and Ide

source :　www.mapshop.co.jp
Map from the year 1834 - 天保5年

It was part of the old domaine Yamashiro no kuni　山城の国、山城国.

Yamashiro Province (山城国, Yamashiro no Kuni) was a province of Japan, located in Kinai. It overlaps the southern part of modern Kyoto Prefecture on Honshū. Aliases include Jōshū (城州), the rare Sanshū (山州), and Yooshuu, Yōshū (雍州). It is classified as an upper province in the Engishiki.

Yamashiro Province included Kyoto itself, as in 794 AD Yamashiro became the seat of the imperial court, and, during the Muromachi Period, was the seat of the Ashikaga Shogunate as well. The capital remained in Yamashiro until its de facto move to Tokyo in the 1870s.

“Yamashiro” was formerly written with the characters meaning “mountain” (山) and “area” (代); in the 7th century, there were things built listing the name of the province with the characters for “mountain” and “ridge”/“back” (山背国). On 4 December 794 (8 Shimotsuki, 13th year of Enryaku), at the time of the christening of Heian-kyō, because of the resultant scenic beauty when Emperor Kammu made his castle utilizing the natural surroundings, the shiro was finally changed to “castle” (山城国).
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Ide town 井手町, part of Tsuzuki district 綴喜（つづき）
京都綴喜郡井手町
Also part of the old Yamashiro no Kuni.

Basho passed here on the way from Nara to Yamashiro.
Ide is about 15 km away from Nara
This region was famous for its frogs (kawazu 蛙) and the yamabuki 山吹 mountain roses.

. Ide no Tamagawa　井手の玉川－ Kyoto .
a famous place for Japanese poetry.

. Kyoto, hana no miyako 花の都 capital of blossoms .

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山城へ井出の駕籠借る時雨哉
Yamashiro e Ide no kago karu shigure kana

to Yamashiro
I had to use a sedan chair from Ide
because of the winter sleet . . .
Tr. Gabi Greve

Written in the 12th lunar month of 1689, 元禄2年12月. Basho age 46

Instead of taking a leisurely walk, Basho had to hurry in the cold rain, using a palanquin for protection.

This hokku has the cut marker KANA at the end of line 3.

. WKD : kago 篭 palaquin, sedan chair .

. - shigure 時雨 winter drizzle, sleet - .

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山吹や井出を流るる鉋屑
yamabuki ya Ide o nagaruru kannakuzu

these yellow roses -
wood shavings are flowing down
the river Ide
Tr. Gabi Greve

. Yosa Buson and Yamabuki .

More about the ralationship of kannakuzu and the river Ide to be explored

永らへば　また此頃や　しのばれむ
憂しと見し世ぞ　今は恋しき

Fujiwara no Kiyosuke 藤原清輔朝臣

and

嵐ふく　三室の山のもみぢ葉は
竜田の川の　にしきなりけり

Noin Hooshi 能因法師

加久夜の長の帯刀節信は数奇者なり。始めて能因に逢ひ、相互に感緒有り。能因云はく、「今日見参の引き出物に見るべき物侍り」とて、懐中より錦の小袋を取り出だす。その中に鉋屑一筋有り。示して云はく、「これは吾が重宝なり。長柄の橋造るおの時の鉋屑なり」と云々。時に節信喜悦甚だしくて、また懐中より紙に包める物を取り出だす。これを開きて見るに、かれたるかへるなり。「これは井堤の蛙に侍り」と云々。共に感嘆しておのおのこれを懐にし、退散すと云々。
『袋草子』上巻　（『新日本古典文学大系29』岩波書店）

Fukuro zooshi - 袋草子
source : www.oneg.zakkaz.ne.jp

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. Kyoto, hana no miyako 花の都 capital of blossoms .

. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .

. - KIGO used by Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - .

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
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